Chapter 10 World History*SECTIONS 3 AND 4

SECTION 3 – THE CHURCH*THE MEDIEVAL CHURCH HAD GREAT INFLUENCE OVER THE LIVES OF PEOPLE IN THE MIDDLES AGES

(**To achieve eternal salvation most people felt you needed to be in the good graces of the church)

CLERGY – Any ordained (can now perform church services & rites) member of the church Exs. priest, bishop, cardinal, pope

PARISH PRIEST PREACHED AND ADMINISTEREDTHE SACRAMENTS TO THE LOCAL PARISH

The Sacraments- The Seven Sacred rites of the church

CONFIRMATION MARRIAGE

BAPTISM

*ALSO:COMMUNIONPENANCELAST RITESHOLY ORDERS

Last Rites

Penance

Communion

BISHOPS*CONTROLLED A DIOCESE OR GROUP OF PARISHES(*also called a “See”)

BISHOP’S MITRE

ARCHBISHOP

CONTROLLED A PROVINCEOR GROUP OF DIOCESES

*Also called an Archdiocese

CURIA (or college or group) OF CARDINALS

*ADVISES THE POPE*SELECTS NEW POPE

MONASTICISM

BENEDICT MONTE CASSINOMONASTERY

Withdrawing from society to live a lifedevoted to God

Benedictine Rules:1. Own nothing (poverty)

2. Celibacy (no sex)

3. Obey the Abbot

Monks in a monastery

Nuns in a convent

(head of the monastery)*Note: other monasteries might have different rules…

MONASTERIES

MONASTERY

SHOALIN ABBOT

BUDDHIST MONK

MONASTERY LIFE

• WORK

• PRAY

• MANUSCRIPT WORK

• HEAL THE SICK

• ACT AS AN INN

• AGRICULTURE

• FISH FARMS

• ETC.

*RULES AND ACTIVITIES OF SPECIFIC MONASTERIES VARY BY RELIGIOUS ORDER OR GROUP…

**Piety – being dutifully religious

SAINT PATRICKCHRISTIAN MISSIONARY TO IRELAND (in A.D. 400’s)

CANTERBURY CATHEDRALCENTER OF CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN ENGLAND

Illuminated manuscripts

Texts or manuscripts that have been hand copied and “illuminated” or “beautified” with elaborate letteringand artwork

Illumination

EXCOMMUNICATION

CUTTING AN INDIVIDUALOFF FROM THE CHURCH ANDTHE SACRAMENTS

*THAT PERSON WAS THEN IN DANGER OF DYING AND NOT BEING SAVED

INTERDICTSAME AS EXCOMMUNICATION, ONLY FOR AN ENTIRE REGION OR AREA (or Manor or Fief or Kingdom)

Canon law – laws for the clergy and church

THE TITHE*ONE TENTH OF YOUR INCOME WASSUPPOSED TO BE GIVEN BACK TO THE CHURCH

TITHING BARN – to store things given to the church as a tithe (instead of “money”)

TODAY’S “OFFERING”

HERESY*SAYING OR DOING ANYTHING THAT WENT AGAINST THETEACHINGS OF THE CHURCH

St Francis of Assissi

St Dominic

*Starts Franciscan Order (or religious group) where Friars, in poverty, would travel the countryside encouraging people to repent

*Starts the Dominican Order, which becomes very involved in the Inquisition

The Inquisition(Catholic) Church court that sought out heretics and tried to get them to repent (or take back their alleged heresy and ask for forgiveness) *Also called the “Holy See” **Ex. Protestant Christians

Section 4 – England

CeltsAn early European people (*Sort of like our Native Americans…)

Angles/Saxons – Germanic people who settle in the early Middle Ages in what comes to be known as England (named after the Angles - land of the Angles), conquering the Celts (as the Romans withdrew…) in the 500’s AD

*Ooh, and then there werethe Norsemen or Danes who invade England in the 800’s AD… and then the Normans came in the 1000’s (Sheez!!)

Shires – political division in England somewhat similar to our U.S. counties

Shire-reeve – officer with legal andpolitical duties for a shire *The word “sheriff” comes from this term

*Coat of Arms of the Sheriff of Nottingham orthe Shire-reeve of Nottinghamshire

Edward the Confessor

Duke William of Normandy

Frenchman (and cousin) who was promised the English throne by Edward years before he died

Anglo-Saxon (English) king who dies in 1066without an heir, creating a power struggle for the throne

The 1066 AD Norman Invasion

BATTLE OF HASTINGS

1066A.D.

Norman French under William I defeat Anglo-Saxons under Harold of Wessex

Harold of Wessex – the Saxon (Englishman) who actually gains the throne upon Edward’s death in 1066 AD

*Norman French will be spoken at the English court for the next 300 years

Bayeaux

Tapestry

*230’ long embroidery that tells the story of the Norman invasion of England and the Battle of Hastings

DOMESDAY BOOK

Recorded the population and property (under Norman rule) for tax purposes

*Helped Normans maintain control over the Saxons

Under the Normans, circuit judges and Trial by Jury begin to replace the brutality of earlier feudal justice

MAGNA CARTA or “Great Charter”

*Hugely important historical document, it leads to the idea of “limited government” here in the U.S..

House of Lords

Parliament: the law-making body for England *The equivalent of our Congress

*Hereditary seats in the upper house of Parliament for certain noble families

House of Commons

Provided representation forthe growing “middle class”or townsmen