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Union had factories to produce ammo, guns, uniforms, med supplies, RR cars
Move troops and material on RR
Union Advantages
Navy- 250 warships plus more under construction
South had no navy, vulnerable to blockade
Est. gov’t with good leaders
Union Advantages
Strong leaders- Robert E. Lee
Did not need to conquer the North
Home field advantage/ defensive war
Confederate Advantages
The North had to defend D.C.
Only the Potomac River separated Confederacy from the US capital
Confederate Advantages
Preserve small army
Erode the Union will to fight
Win recognition from France and GB
Confederate Strategies
Trade with GB and France
South needs textiles
GB and Fr. need cotton
Confederates want military aid from GB and France
Confederate Strategies
Gen. Winfield Scott
Anaconda Plan- blockade Southern ports to starve South of income and supplies
Drive south along MS River
Union Strategies
Border states- allow slavery but have not joined the Confederacy.
Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware, Maryland
Union wants to prevent their secession
Lincoln Avoids the Slavery Issue
Felt he had no right to free the slaves, nor did he want to
Only goal: save the Union
Outcome: kept border states loyal to Union
Lincoln Avoids the Slavery Issue
July 1861- battle outside D.C.
2 armies met at a creek called Bull Run
Stonewall Jackson makes a stand against the Union
Bull Run/Manassas
South wins, Union retreats
War would not be quick
Lincoln calls for more troops and places George McClellan in charge
Bull Run/ Manassas
Feb. 1862- MS valley part of the Anaconda Plan
Captures Ft. Henry and Donelson
Boost Northern morale
Drove Confederates from western KY and TN
U.S. Grant and Tennessee
April 1862- SW Tenn.
2 day battle
25,000 Confederate and Union soldiers wounded or dead
Damaged Grant’s rep
Shiloh
David Farragut captures New Orleans
Farragut and Grant attempt to capture Vicksburg, MS
Both are stopped by Confederates
The Union captures New Orleans
1862- Confederates march up Rio Grande to force Union out of SW
Defeated at Glorieta Pass
Confederate supply chain destroyed
Fighting in the Southwest
McClellan plans drive on Richmond (Confederate capital)
Lincoln wants him to act
Peninsular Campaign- sail across the Chesapeake, march on Richmond
Fighting in the East
Lincoln replaces McClellan with Ambrose Burnside
Stonewall outmaneuvers Union
South crushes North
Lincoln reinstates McClellan
Second Battle of Bull Run