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Objectives
Discuss methods of network design unique to TCP/IP networks, including subnetting, CIDR, and NAT
Describe protocols used between mail clients and mail servers
Objectives (continued)
Explain the fundamental principles of using a TCP/IP network for packetized voice transmissions
Employ multiple TCP/IP utilities for network discovery and troubleshooting
Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks
• Subnetting• Enhance security
• Improve performance
• Simplify troubleshooting
Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks (continued)
• Subnetting • Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
• Classless routing or supernetting
Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks (continued)
This host will not get outside its network, Why? Assume a /24 mask.
Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks (continued)
• Subnetting• Intranets and Extranets
• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
• Intranet
• Within an enterprise
• Extranet
• Uses Internet-like services and protocols
Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks (continued)
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)• Protocol responsible for moving messages from
one mail server to another over TCP/IP-based networks
TCP/IP Mail Services
• MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)• Allows for messages that contain no more than
1000 ASCII characters
TCP/IP Mail Services (continued)
• Post Office Protocol (POP)• Application layer protocol used to retrieve
messages from a mail server
TCP/IP Mail Services (continued)
• Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP)• Retrieve all or only a portion of any mail message
• Review their messages and delete them while the messages remain on the server
• Create sophisticated methods of organizing messages on the server
• Share a mailbox in a central location
Additional TCP/IP Utilities
• Netstat• -a—Provides a list of all available TCP and UDP
connections
• -e—Displays details about all the packets
• -n—Lists currently connected hosts according to their port and IP address
Additional TCP/IP Utilities (continued)
• Netstat (cont.)• -p—Allows you to specify what type of protocol
statistics to list
• Must be followed by a protocol specification (TCP or UDP)
• -r—Provides a list of routing table information
• -s—Provides statistics about each packet transmitted by a host, separated according to protocol type (IP,TCP, UDP, or ICMP)
Additional TCP/IP Utilities (continued)
• Nbtstat• -a—Displays a machine’s name table given its
NetBIOS name
• -A—Displays a machine’s name table given its IP address
• -r—Lists statistics about names that have been resolved
• -s—Displays a list of all the current NetBIOS sessions
Additional TCP/IP Utilities (continued)
• Whois• Allows you to query this DNS registration
database and obtain information about a domain
Additional TCP/IP Utilities (continued)
• Traceroute (Tracert)• -d—Instructs the traceroute command not to
resolve IP addresses to host names
• -h—Specifies the maximum number of hops
• -w—Identifies a timeout
Additional TCP/IP Utilities (continued)
• Ipconfig• /?—Displays a list of switches
• /all—Displays complete TCP/IP configuration
• /release—Releases DHCP
• /renew—Renews DHCP
• /displaydns---Displays DNS Cache
• /flushdns---Clears DNS Cache (not host file)
Voice Over IP (VOIP)
• Voice over IP (VoIP), also known as IP telephony• Lower costs for voice calls
• toll bypass
• Supply new or enhanced features and applications
• Centralize voice and data network management
Chapter Summary
• Discuss methods of network design unique to TCP/IP networks, including subnetting, CIDR, and NAT
• Describe protocols used between mail clients and mail servers