Chapter 11 Section 3

The Tide of the War Turns

Battle of Fredericksburg

• December 1862• Union charges several

times at Confederates• Some Union army units

lose more than half their men

• Union- 13,000 casualties• Confederates- 5,000

casualties

Battle of Chancellorsville

• May 1863• Confederates divide

their forces and surround Union forces

• General Lee’s most brilliant victory

• Also most costly– Stonewall Jackson dies

due to being wounded

Battle of Gettysburg

• July 1863• Day 1- Union

established position on the high ground of the battle field

Battle of Gettysburg

• Day 2• Confederates attack Union

positions• Attack vulnerable spots on

the Union line of defenses• If Confederates successful

they could bombard Union lines anywhere on the battlefields

Battle of Gettysburg

• 350 soldiers from Maine stop repeated Confederate charges

• Maine was led by Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain

Battle of Gettysburg

• Day 3• 150 Confederate

cannons open fire on Union positions

• Lee ordered an all out infantry charge at the center of the Union positions– 15,000 Confederates

charge

Battle of GettysburgPickett’s Charge

• Confederate Troops (5,000 serving under General George Pickett) marched across about a mile of open ground

• Union cannons shooting at them

• Only a few hundred Confederates reach their destination

Battle of Gettysburg

• Less than half the Confederates returned

• Union: 23,000 casualties

• Confederates: 28,000 casualties

• The Confederates then retreat back to Virginia

Gettysburg Address

• 2 minutes speech written and delivered by Lincoln

• Reminds listeners as to why the North was fighting

Summarize the main points of the Gettysburg address.

• Preserve the Country’s commitment to the principles of freedom, equality and self-government

Why was the Battle of Gettysburg a turning point in the war?

• It decided how each side would be able to operate for the rest of the war

• The North was now in charge in the east

• Lee was restricted to acting defensively only in the South

Siege

• A tactic in which an enemy is surrounded and starved in order to make it surrender

What were 3 effects of Grant’s siege of Vicksburg?

• Confederate residents had to move into underground dwellings

• Reduced supplies and soldiers rations

• Forced a Confederate surrender