Chapter 12: Canada

6th Grade Social Studies

Vocabulary• potash

A mineral used to make fertilizer

• pulpSoftened wood fibers used to make paper

• newsprintCheap paper used mainly for newspapers

Vocabulary

• provincesAdministrative divisions of a country

• dominionA territory or area of influence

• Métis(may-TEES) People of mixed European and Canadian Indian ancestry in Canada

Vocabulary

• regionalismThe stronger connection to one’s region than to one’s country

• maritimeOn or near the sea, such as Canada’s Maritime Provinces

• InuitNorth American Eskimos

Section 1: Physical Geography

Section 2: History and Culture

Section 3: Canada Today

CHAPTER 12

Canada

Physical Map of Canada

• Click Here for the Physical map from Free Worlds Maps

• Click Here for the National Geographic Map

Why study Canada?

• Canada and the United States share the longest unguarded boundary in the world. We are also allies.

• Each country is the other’s most important trading partner. Changes in either country’s government can affect that relationship.

• We share a language, some aspects of history and many cultural traditions.

• Canada is a beautiful country that offers spectacular scenery, fascinating historical sites, and multicultural entertainment for the visitor

Sec 1: Physical Geography/ Canada’s Major Landforms,Rivers, and Lakes:

• Landforms—Coast Mountains, Rocky Mountains, Appalachian Mountains, Canadian Shield, St. Lawrence River Valley

• Rivers—St. Lawrence• Lakes—Great Bear,

Great Slave, Great Lakes

Major Climate Typesand Natural Resources:

• Climate Types—humid continental, marine west coast, subarctic, tundra, ice cap

• Resources—Atlantic and Pacific coastal waters, lakes, rivers, fertile soil, minerals, lumber, and pulp

Main Ideas

• The St. Lawrence River links the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.

SECTION 1

Physical Geography

CANADA’S PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHYCANADA’S PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

Lakes and Rivers Resources

• Coast Mountains and Rocky Mountains

• Canadian Shield

• fertile farm-land in St. Lawrence River Valley and Great Lakes region

• Great Lakes• thousands

of lakes and rivers, may carved by glaciers

• St. Lawrence River links Great Lakes to Atlantic Ocean

• tourism• fertile soil• minerals—

nickel, zinc, uranium, lead, copper, gold, silver, coal, potash

• oil and natural gas

• forests

• central and eastern—humid continental

• southwest—marine west coast

• central and north—subarctic

• far north—tundra

Landforms Climates

Geography of Canada

(5:39)

Sec 2: History and Culture France and Britain in Canada

• France settles New France; founds Quebec City in 1608.

• New France thrives for a century and a half, spreading culture and building trade.

• Britain takes control of New France after French and Indian War but French culture remains entrenched.

France and Britain in Canada (continued)

• Upper Canada (Ontario) and Lower Canada (Quebec) are established.

• British Parliament creates the Dominion of Canada in 1867.

Immigrants and Canadian Culture

• European and Asian immigrants contribute to Canada’s economic boom in the early 1900s

• After World War II, another wave of immigrants arrives and settles mostly in cities.

• Toronto remains one of the most culturally diverse cities in the world.

Main Ideas

• The French and British colonization influenced language, government, customs, and other aspects of culture.

• Immigrants contributed to Canada throughout their work on railroads, farms and forests, in mines, and in factories. They also contributed to the economic boom of the early 1900s.

• What is the largest ethnic group of Canada?

- British Isles Origin

SECTION 2

History and Culture

Canada’sFirst Nations

A.D. 1000–Vikings arrive

1400s–European explorers and fishers

1608–New France

founded

mid-1700’sBritishcontrol

1867–Dominion of

Canada

Growth andImmigration

CanadaToday

Sec 3: Canada Today - Regionalism and Canada

• English and French Canadian regionalism creates conflict.

• Many Quebecois believe Quebec deserves special status; many English Canadians disagree.

• Regionalism threatens many Canadians’ connection to their country as a whole.

Regionalism (continued)

• Regionalism affects Canada’s culture because it created divisions between English and French speakers, and between western and eastern provinces.

Quebec

Atlantic (Maritime) Provinces

(4:13)

Prairie Provinces

(3:28)

Major areas and provinces of Canada

• Eastern Provinces—Maritime provinces, Newfoundland, and Labrador

• Heartland—Quebec and Ontario

• Western Provinces—the Prairie Provinces: Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta; British Columbia

• Canadian North—Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut

British Columbia (4:13)

Northern Territories (4:34)

SECTION 3

Canada Today

Quebecois believe Quebec should

have special status.

English-speaking Canadians believe there are too many

privileges already for Quebec.

Some Quebecois want independence for

Quebec.

Other provinces, particularly in

western Canada, want more freedom

from national control.

Regionalism in Canada

Lets Review

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