Chapter 14: A New Spirit of ChangeChapter 14: A New Spirit of ChangeSection 4: Abolition and Women’s Section 4: Abolition and Women’s

RightsRights

There’s another reform movement There’s another reform movement that wasn’t discussed in the last that wasn’t discussed in the last

sectionsection The biggest reform The biggest reform

movement of the movement of the 1800’s had to do with 1800’s had to do with improving the lives of….improving the lives of….

Slaves.Slaves. People who called for People who called for

the abolition of slavery the abolition of slavery were called were called abolitionists.abolitionists.

Abolitionism (2):Abolitionism (2): doing doing away with something away with something (slavery)(slavery)

Three of the more outspoken Three of the more outspoken abolitionists:abolitionists:

Frederick Frederick Douglas (9)Douglas (9)

Had a black Had a black mother and a mother and a white father.white father.

Had great Had great courage.courage.

Was a Was a talented talented public public speaker.speaker.

Was a slave Was a slave when he was when he was younger.younger.

Eventually Eventually published an published an anti-slavery anti-slavery newspaper.newspaper.

Sojourner TruthSojourner Truth (10)(10) Was a slave Was a slave

when she was when she was young, but young, but escaped.escaped.

Eventually lived Eventually lived with the with the Quakers, who Quakers, who set her free.set her free.

Huge crowds Huge crowds would come would come listen to her listen to her speak.speak.

Sara and Sara and Angelina Angelina

Grimke (5)Grimke (5)

Sisters who Sisters who believed that believed that slavery was slavery was wrong.wrong.

At that time At that time though, women though, women were not were not supposed to supposed to speak in public.speak in public.

Lectured Lectured anyways.anyways.

Some things these people Some things these people did:did:

Petitioned Congress to pass Petitioned Congress to pass lawslaws

Elected sympathetic Elected sympathetic lawmakerslawmakers

LobbiedLobbied Held anti-slavery meetingsHeld anti-slavery meetings Wrote anti-slavery Wrote anti-slavery

newspapers and booksnewspapers and books Bought and freed slavesBought and freed slaves Helped slaves escape to Helped slaves escape to

freedomfreedom Some were real fanatics - Some were real fanatics -

people who are carried people who are carried away beyond reason away beyond reason (especially in politics or (especially in politics or religion)religion)

Some slaves would escape on: Some slaves would escape on:

the the UndergroundUnderground Railroad (14):Railroad (14): Not:Not: underground underground Not:Not: a railroad a railroad

It was:It was: a “network” of people who helped a “network” of people who helped hide and transport slaves – escaping to hide and transport slaves – escaping to freedom in the North, or even into Canada.freedom in the North, or even into Canada.

The most famous “conductors” – the The most famous “conductors” – the abolitionist that most people have abolitionist that most people have

heard of:heard of: Harriet Tubman (18)Harriet Tubman (18) African-American African-American

abolitionist, abolitionist, humanitarian, and Union humanitarian, and Union spy during the U.S. Civil spy during the U.S. Civil War. After escaping from War. After escaping from captivity, she made captivity, she made thirteen missions to thirteen missions to rescue over three rescue over three hundred slaves using the hundred slaves using the network of antislavery network of antislavery activists and safe houses activists and safe houses known as the known as the Underground Railroad. Underground Railroad. She later helped John She later helped John Brown recruit men for his Brown recruit men for his raid on Harpers Ferry, raid on Harpers Ferry, and in the post-war era and in the post-war era struggled for women's struggled for women's suffrage. suffrage.

Remember….Remember….

About ¾ of all About ¾ of all southerners southerners did notdid not own any slaves.own any slaves.

Only 1% of Only 1% of Southerners owned Southerners owned large plantations large plantations (but they had most (but they had most of the south’s of the south’s political and political and financial power).financial power).

A couple of other women who A couple of other women who were famous for helpingwere famous for helping

Elizabeth Cady Elizabeth Cady Stanton (30)Stanton (30)

Fought for women’s Fought for women’s suffrage (38 / 40)suffrage (38 / 40) – – even into the 1900’s.even into the 1900’s.

Lucretia Mott (29)Lucretia Mott (29) An abolitionist who An abolitionist who

also was a big part also was a big part of the women’s of the women’s rights movementrights movement

The right to vote

And…. Susan B. AnthonyAnd…. Susan B. Anthony

Prominent, Prominent, independent and well-independent and well-educated American educated American civil rights leader who civil rights leader who played a pivotal role played a pivotal role in the 19th century in the 19th century women's rights women's rights movement to secure movement to secure women's suffrage in women's suffrage in the United States the United States

The The Seneca Falls Convention Seneca Falls Convention (36)(36) is a famous time for is a famous time for

women’s rightswomen’s rights The The Seneca Falls ConventionSeneca Falls Convention, held in Seneca Falls, New , held in Seneca Falls, New

York on July 19 to July 20, 1848, was the first women's rights York on July 19 to July 20, 1848, was the first women's rights convention held in the United States, and for that reason, it is convention held in the United States, and for that reason, it is often labeled as the birthplace of feminism. Prominent at the often labeled as the birthplace of feminism. Prominent at the 1848 convention were leading reformers, including Elizabeth 1848 convention were leading reformers, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott.Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott.

Different groups at different times have turned to the Different groups at different times have turned to the founding documents of the United States to meet their needs founding documents of the United States to meet their needs and to declare their entitlement to the promises of the and to declare their entitlement to the promises of the Revolution of 1776. At Seneca Falls, New York, in the Revolution of 1776. At Seneca Falls, New York, in the summer of 1848, a group of American women and men met summer of 1848, a group of American women and men met to discuss the legal limitations imposed on women during this to discuss the legal limitations imposed on women during this period. These discussions were informed by their period. These discussions were informed by their participation in the anti-slavery movement; eventually they participation in the anti-slavery movement; eventually they used the language and structure of the United States used the language and structure of the United States Declaration of Independence to state their claim to the Declaration of Independence to state their claim to the

rights they felt women were entitled to as American citizens rights they felt women were entitled to as American citizens in in

the Declaration of Sentiments.the Declaration of Sentiments.