Chapter 16: Applications of Neutralization Titrations

CHE 321: Quantitative Chemical AnalysisDr. Jerome Williams, Ph.D.

Saint Leo University

Overview

• Reagents for NeutralizationTitrations• Typical Applications Neutralization Titrations

Neutralization Titrations

• Neutralization titrations are widely used to determine concentration of analytes that are themselves acids or bases.

• Normally use water as solvent system; some cases require non-aqueous solvents due to solubility or other constraints.

Reagents for Neutralization Titrations

• Standard Acid Solutions are most easily prepared from stock concentrated solutions of strong acids (e.g., hydrochloric, perchloric, or sulfuric acids). They are stable indefinitely.

• Once prepared the acid solution must be standardized against a primary standard base like sodium carbonate, TRIS, sodium tetraborate decahydrate.

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Figure 16-2 p384

Reagents for Neutralization Titrations

• Standard Base Solutions are most easily prepared from stock concentrated solutions of strong bases (e.g., sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or barium hydroxide).

• Once prepared the base solution must be standardized against a primary standard acid like potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP), benzoic acid, potassium hydrogen iodate.

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Applications: Neutralization Titrations

• Elemental Analysis – Nitrogen analysis (Kjeldahl methods) – Sulfur analysis– Other Elements (see Table 16.1)

• Inorganic & Organic Substances – Review methodologies

Table 16-1 p390

Table 16-2 p391

Figure 16-3a p392

Figure 16-3b p392

Figure 16-3c p392

Figure 16-3d p392

Figure 16-3e p392

Suggested Problems

• HW Set 14: 16.2, 16.10, 16.14, 16.16 (a,b,c), 16.20, 16.21