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Europeans Explore the EastChapter 3 Sec. 1
...WEST
Age of ExplorationWanted a direct sea route to Asia
Opportunity for huge profits
New technology improved sea travelCaravel shipNew cartography skillsHour glass, compass, and astrolabe
Early Travelers Portugal
First country to venture into Atlantic Proved you could sail around Africa
Under Ferdinand and Isabella, Spain joined Portugal in the race to Asia
Columbus landed in Caribbean Thought he was in India
Magellan 1519-Left with 250 me and
5 ships Spanish-Funded Named Pacific Magellan was killed in Philippines 1522-18 men and 1 ship return Proved world was round, much
larger than originally thought, and no feasible trade route west.
Portugal Concerned more about trade than
colonization In 1500’s, Portugal dominated
trade with Africa and India Colonized Brazil
SpainTwo Goals:
Acquire wealth (Gold)Convert natives to Christianity
Conquistadors conquered large American civilizationsCortez-Aztecs; Pizarro-Incan
Spain (cont.) By the 1600’s controlled much of N. &
S. America and the West Indies Native American population declined
Mistreatment European Disease
To replace them, Spanish began bringing over Africans to do work
The Netherlands In 1600’s, the Dutch pushed
Portugal out of Asia Amsterdam became the major
trade cityLarge Navy
FranceFrench went to North America
and the Caribbean for tradeLooked for a Northwest PassageJesuit missionaries converted
natives
EnglandEstablished colonies to provide
raw materials/religious freedomEarly N. Amer. Colonies included
Jamestown and PlymouthPushed Native American tribes
west
The Atlantic Slave Trade:Trade Triangle In 1600’s, European territories
based economies on slave labor European ships carried
manufactured goods to Africa for slaves.
The ships took the slaves to the Americas and sold them.
The ships would bring back rum, sugar and molasses
Ch. 4 Sec. 4
Columbian Exchange and Global Trade
Columbian ExchangeEuropeans introduced new
foods to colonies around the world
Expanded trade led to an exchange of ideas, goods, technology, people, and diseases
The Commercial RevolutionBy the 1600’s the nation replaced
the city as the basic economic unitGrowth of capitalismGov’t chartered banks Joint-stock companies
MercantilismState’s power depended on wealthColonies provided:
gold and silver raw materials a new market for goods