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Chapter 17Sections 1&2
THE TIDE OF WAR TURNS
Abolitionists demand action As Union sweeps through South, thousands of slaves
escape Supporters pressure government to end slavery
forever, but Lincoln only wants to preserve Union Lincoln decides that if freeing the slaves will weaken
the South then it should be done
Emancipation Proclamation Proclamation made by Lincoln as Commander
in Chief All Slaves in Confederate territory were free Not those enslaved in North
THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
Seen as a military action to weaken the South
Added a moral purpose to the WarNo longer to preserve the Union, but to free millions from slaveryA war of liberation
Abolitionists were pleased, but upset that the Proclamation did not free all slaves
Many slaves escaped into Union territoryAfrican American men received into the Union army54th Massachusetts Volunteers
Heroic former slaves
THE NATION RESPONDS
Slaves affect the Confederacy Many slaves refused to work or ran away to join Union forces
Upheaval in the North Copperheads = northern Democrats who oppose Lincoln and the war Lincoln suspends habeus corpus – the right to know charges against
you and be tried for those charges.
Conscription = “The Draft” Laws made in North and South made required men to
serve in the military The wealthy could pay substitutes to serve in their place The draft was extremely unpopular in both the North and
South
WAR AFFECTS SOCIETY
Southern economyFood shortagesInflation – increase in the cost of goods and a decrease in
the value of moneyNorthern economy
The first income tax – A tax on earningsGreenbacks – paper money that helped citizens and helped pay
for warWomen aid the war effort
Took over jobs held by menVolunteeredNurses
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CHANGE