Chapter 18, Sections 1,2.

The Debate over Slavery and the War in Kansas.

The Wilmot Proviso

• Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of the territories.

California and Slavery

• CA was antislavery due to its having been owned by Mexico, and also because its miners did not want to compete against slave labor.

Henry Clay

• Came up with a compromise that would allow California to be admitted as a free state, and created a new harsher fugitive slave law.

Fugitive Slave Act (1850) Commissioners were paid twice as much to call a fugitive a slave rather than free

him.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

• Wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

Stephen Douglas

• Proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act so he could get his Chicago Railroad. Also had a series of debates with Abe Lincoln.

The Kansas and Nebraska Act

• The Northerners believed that popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska violated the Missouri Compromise.

• Kansas was up-for-grabs until a proslavery legislature was voted in. Then it bled.

The first Kansas legislature made it a

crime to speak against slavery.

Henry Ward Beecher

• Abolitionist Reverend who raised money from his congregation for rifles for antislavery Kansans.

“Sack of Lawrence”.

• When an anti-slavery legislature started up, a pro-slavery posse went after its members. They fled… and one man died.

John Brown

• Abolitionist responsible for the Pottawatomie Massacre, and the arsenal raid at Harper’s Ferry. Wanted to arm the slaves.

Charles Sumner

• Made a speech criticizing the actions of proslavery Kansans- and got beat unconscious for it.

Preston Brooks was congratulated by Southerners for beating Sumner unconscious.

They sent him replacement canes.