Chapter 18 – The French Revolution1789-1815
1789-1815 - Time of great political change in France
Medieval System – Social Hierarchy of Three Estates
Old Regime/Old Order
Commoners and Bourgeoisie
wealthy middle class(lawyers, Artist, Doctors)
Monarch during the French Revolution who was beheaded
Queen during the French Revolution who was beheaded
government spends more money then it takes in.
legislative body made up of representatives from the three estates
Third Estate Members who left the Estates General and led the revolution in France
National Assembly
oath made by members of the National Assembly on a Tennis Court – wanted a constitution
Tennis Court Oath
July 14, 1789 - attack on the Bastille prison by the people of France; Looking for weapons and ammo.
Started attack on King’s power in France
Storming the Bastille
‘List of Wants’ - list of rights people wanted in France
Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen
(Women’s Rights) authored the Declaration of the Rights of Women and Female Citizen
set up a limited monarchy and gave the Legislative Assembly powers while restricting the roles of the
church.
Constitution of 1791
working class men or women who made the French Revolution more radical and wore long trousers.
member of a radical political club during the French Revolution.
Extreme Change/Ideas - those who favor extreme changes
time period during the French Revolution from September 1793 to July 1794 when ‘counter-
revolutionaries’ in France were arrested for not supporting the revolution and many were beheaded.
Reign of Terror - Radical Phase
Remember the R’s
Robespierre started the Reign of Terror during the Radical Phase because he wanted a Republic
Leader of the Committee of Public Safety and the Reign of Terror in France during the French Revolution
group of 12 men who were charged with dealing with all threats to France both home and abroad.
Committee of Public Safety
fast falling blade used for executions during the French Revolution.
popular military leader who became the Emperor of France and spread nationalism and created his code of
law – brought STABILITY
Napoleon’s army with soldiers from over 20 nations.
blockade designed by Napoleon to hurt Britianeconomically by closing European ports to British
goods; unsuccessful.
Continental System
body of French civil laws introduced in 1804; served as model for many nations civil codes.
All men equal under law.
a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to ones country and people
fighting carried on through hit-and-run raids.
Russia’s military tactic in which soldiers destroy everything in their path to hurt the enemy.
Scorched Earth Policy
to step down from power
Napoleon’s final defeat - combined forces of Europe that defeated Napoleon and exiled him to St. Helena.
Battle of Waterloo
Assembly of European leaders that met after the Napoleonic era to piece Europe back together; met from
September 1814 to June 1815
Congress of Vienna
1815Goals of the Congress of Vienna
MLB
Protect MonarchiesMaintain a Balance of Power in Europe
Create a Lasting Peace
From Austria - chief leader of the Congress of Vienna.
Prince Clemons Von Metternich
International group of countries working together to secure peace
Collective Security
system in which Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Great Britian met periodically to discuss any problems
affecting the peace of Europe.
Concert of Europe
Established in Europe with the Congress of Vienna –Surround France with strong nations - when all nations
are relatively equal.
monarchies that had been unseated were restored