Chapter 2Types of Information Systems

Competitive Advantage and Strategic Information Systems

Why Are Information Systems So Important to Us

Managing Information Resources

Opening Case Study

Chevron Corporation Case Study

Types of IS

Computer-Based Information Systems Hardware Software Databae Network

Concepts and Management

Information technology outside your organization

Major Capabilities of Information Systems

Perform high-speed, high-volume, numerical computations

Provide fast, accurate communication and collaboration within and among organizations.

Store huge amounts of information in an easy-to-access, yet small, space.

Allow quick and inexpensive access to vast amounts of information, worldwide

Major Capabilities of Information Systems cont…

Interpret vast amounts of data quickly and efficiently.

Increase the effectiveness and efficiency of people working in groups in one place or in several locations, anywhere.

Automate both semiautomatic business processes and manual tasks

Types of Information Systems

Application Programs

Breadth of Support of Information Systems

CarMax case study

Transaction processing system (TPS)

Interorganizational information systems (IOSs)

Electronic commerce systems

Support for Organizational Employees

Clerical workers, Lower-level managers, Middle managers, Knowledge workers, Executives

Office automation systems (OASs)

Functional area information systems (FAISs)

Business intelligence (BI) systems

Expert systems (ESs)

Dashboards (aka digital dashboards)

Competitive Advantage and StrategicInformation Systems

Strategic information systems (SISs)

Porter’s Competitive Forces Model

Strategies for Competitive Advantage

Cost leadership strategy

Differentiation strategy

Innovation strategy

Operational effectiveness strategy

Customer-orientation strategy

Norfolk Southern Railway casestudy

Information Systems So Important

IT Will Reduce the Number of Middle Managers

IT Will Change the Manager’s Job

IT Impacts Employees’ Health and Safety

IT Provides Opportunities for People with Disabilities

IT Provides Quality-of-Life Improvements

Robot Revolution on the Way

Managing Information Resources

The Role of the IS Department

What’s in IT for Me?

For the Accounting Major

For the Finance Major

For the Marketing Major

For the Production/Operations Management Major

For the Human Resources Management Major

For the MIS Major