Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Dee Unglaub Silverthorn, Ph.D.
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGYHUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation byDr. Howard D. Booth, Professor of Biology, Eastern Michigan University
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH
T H I R D E D I T I O N
Chapter 26, part BChapter 26, part BReproduction and Development
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Spermatogenesis: Sperm Production in the TestisSpermatogenesis: Sperm Production in the Testis
• Seminiferous tubules
• Spermatids
• Spermatocytes
• Spermatozoa
• Sertoli cells
• Interstitial tissue
• Leydig cells• Capillaries
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Spermatogenesis: Sperm Production in the TestisSpermatogenesis: Sperm Production in the Testis
Figure 26-9b-e: ANATOMY SUMMARY: Male Reproduction
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Spermatozoa Structure and Functions in ReviewSpermatozoa Structure and Functions in Review
Figure 26-10: Sperm structure
• Head
• Acrosome:
• Nucleus:
• Midpiece
• Centrioles:
• Mitochondria:
• Tail: flagellum• Microtubules:
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• GnRH LH Leydig cells testosterone 20 sex charact.
• GnRH FSH Sertoli cells spermatoctye maturation
• Inhibin feedback – FSH, testosterone – short & long loops
Regulation of SpermatogenesisRegulation of Spermatogenesis
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Regulation of SpermatogenesisRegulation of Spermatogenesis
Figure 26-11: Hormonal control of spermatogenesis
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Female Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology: OverviewFemale Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology: Overview
• Ovary
• Fallopian tube
• Fimbriae
• Uterus
• Cervix
• Endometrium
• Vagina
• Clitoris• Labia
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Female Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology: OverviewFemale Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology: Overview
Figure 26-12b: ANATOMY SUMMARY: Female Reproduction
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ovary: Details of Histology & PhysiologyOvary: Details of Histology & Physiology
• Follicle
• Oocytes
• Thecal cells
• Granulosa cells
• Estrogen
• Corpus luteum
• Corpus luteum
• Progesterone• Inhibin
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ovary: Details of Histology & PhysiologyOvary: Details of Histology & Physiology
Figure 26-12d: ANATOMY SUMMARY: Female Reproduction
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Menstrual Cycle: Egg Maturation, and Endometrial GrowthMenstrual Cycle: Egg Maturation, and Endometrial Growth
Figure 26-13: The menstrual cycle
• Follicular phase• Egg matures
• Ovulation• Egg released
• Luteal phase• Corpus luteum• Endometrium • Prep for
blastocyst• No Pregnancy
• Menses
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• FSH stimulates follicular development• Estrogen: + feedback, limits more follicles
Endocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Follicular PhaseEndocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Follicular Phase
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Estrogen LH "surge" & FSH spike egg release
• Inhibin pushes FSH down , new follicle development
Endocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: OvulationEndocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Ovulation
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 26-14a,b: Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle
Endocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Follicular Phase and OvulationEndocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Follicular Phase and Ovulation
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Granulosa cells form corpus luteum progesterone
• progesterone & estrogen maintain endometrium
• Inhibin continues to limit new follicular development
Endocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Luteal phaseEndocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Luteal phase
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Pregnancy: maintain progesterone, estrogen & inhibin
• No pregnancy: progesterone, estrogen & inhibin• Menses, FSH & LH new follicle
development
Endocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Late Luteal phaseEndocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Late Luteal phase
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Endocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Luteal phase and Late Luteal phaseEndocrine Control of Menstrual Cycle: Luteal phase and Late Luteal phase
Figure 26-14c, d: Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle