Chapter 3

Section 1

World History

Mrs. Deborah Thompson

        

The Israelites believed in one

God who set down moral laws for His

people. They recorded their history in the

Bible.

-    By 1200 B.C. great changes had taken place in the area around Mediterranean Sea because some empires had fallen and new people entered into the region.

- A people called the Israelites built a kingdom in Canaan along the Mediterranean Sea in southwest Asia.

Today Lebanon, Israel, and

Jordan occupy the land that

was once Canaan.

The Israelite faith became the

religion known today as Judaism

The Israelite population was small and the

religion they practiced focused on only one God.

Worship of only one god is called monotheism.

Influenced ChristianityAnd Islam

Israelites spokeA language

Called Hebrew. and areCalled Jews today

   Helped shape the beliefs

and practices of societies in Europe and America through

their writings

They wrote much of theirhistory and

religiousbeliefs in theHebrew Bible.

JUD

AIS

M

Earliest Israelites

The earliest Israelites

were herders and traders

from Mesopotamia.

The Israelites believed they were descended

from Abraham.

According to the Hebrew Bible:According to the Hebrew Bible:

God told Abraham and his followers to leave Mesopotamia and go live in Canaan.

Abraham had a son named IsaacThe name means “child of the

promise”. He offered Isaac as a sacrifice to prove his loveof god. Isaac had a son named Jacob who was

also called Israel which means“one who

struggles with God.” His otherson was

named Essau

In return for worshippingthe one true God, God

promised that theland of Canaan would belong to Abraham and his

descendants. Jacob’s

descendantsbecame known

as Israelites

Abraham’s JourneysAbraham’s Journeys

Abraham’s GeneaologyAbraham’s Geneaology

ABRAHAMABRAHAM SARAHSARAHHAGARHAGAR

IsaacIsaac

EsauEsauJacobJacob

12 Tribes of Israel

12 Tribes of Israel

Ishmael

Ishmael

12 Arabian Tribes

12 Arabian Tribes

According to the Bible, Jacob raised 12 sons whose descendants divided into 12 groups and became the 12 Tribes of Israel.

Abraham’s Journey from UrAbraham’s Journey from Ur

Canaan The “Promised Land”

Israelites lived there about 100 years until a long drought began, and the crops

and livestock died.

Canaan The “Promised Land”

Israelites lived there about 100 years until a long drought began, and the crops

and livestock died.

To survive, the Israelites went to Egypt.

Land of Goshen, EgyptLand of Goshen, EgyptLife in Egypt was not good for the Israelites because the pharaoh enslaved them and made them work on his building projects.

When the Israelites rebelled, the pharaoh ordered all baby boys born to Israelites to be thrown into the Nile River.

The Bible says that one mother hid her baby on a riverbank where it was found by Pharaoh’s daughter who named him Moses.

MosesMoses

“Prince of Egypt”

“Prince of Egypt”

“Shepherd of His People”

“Shepherd of His People”

pt

e

When Moses grew up he saw a burning bush and heard a voice that he believed was God telling him to lead the Israelites out of Egypt to freedom.

Ramses II may have been the pharoah during the exodus of the Israelites.

Ramses II may have been the pharoah during the exodus of the Israelites.

Because the pharaoh would

not let the Israelites

leave, God sent 10

plagues to trouble Egypt.

Plague is a disease but

can also mean something that

causes problems for a lot

of people.

The last of the 10 plagues

was death to all first-born

children, except those

Israelites who marked their

doorways with lamb’s blood.

The 10th plague convinced

the pharaoh to let theIsraelites leave.

Jews today celebrate a holiday called Passover to remember how God

“passed over” their homes withthe tenth plague and then

delivered them from

Egypt.

According to the Bible, after the Jews headed east out of Egypt the pharaoh tried to stop

them with his armies.

The Israelites escaped when God parted the Red Sea for them and then allowed it to flow back to drown the pharaoh’s army.

The ExodusThe ExodusThis escape from Egypt is known as the Exodus.

Moses and the 10 Commandments

Moses and the 10 Commandments

Israelites had to travel through the Sinai Desert, and some began to lose their faith in reaching the promised land.

The Bible says that Moses went to the top of Mt. Sinai and received the laws from God which became the foundation for the Torah.

Learn the 10 Commandments - Shortcut.lnk

Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People

Yahweh’s “Covenant” With His People

The Torah

The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.

The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.

The Torah

The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible.

The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition.

Ten Commandments

Promoted the Belief in only

One God which Became the foundation

of Judaism,Christianity,

and Islam.

Helped shape the basic

moral laws of many nations.

Helped develop a belief in the “ruleof law” or the ideathat laws should

apply to everyoneequally.

How did the Ten Commandments shape the moral law of many

nations?

Told people not to steal, murder,

or tell lies about others.

Told people to avoidjealousy andhonor their

parents.

The Torah

Became the 1st

part of the Hebrew

Bible

Described a covenant or agreement with God to return the

Israelites to Canaan if

they followed his laws

Explained what God considere

d to be right and

wrong

Contained

The Ten

Commandments

Mount SinaiMount Sinai

The Promised Land

The Israelites had to fight

the Canaanites to return to

their promised land.

SEQUENCING INFORMATION: THE

ISRAELITES MAKE IT TO CANAAN

It took the Isralitesabout 40 years

to reach Canaan

Moses died beforethey got to the

promised land then Joshua took over

SEQUENCING INFORMATION:

THE ISRAELITES MAKE IT TO

CANAANUpon reaching Canaan,Joshua led the Israelites

in the Battle ofJericho to reclaimthe promised land

from the Canaanites.

The biblical story claims that Israelites

marched around Jericho for 6 days playing trumpets.

SEQUENCING INFORMATION: THE ISRAELITES MAKE IT TO

CANAAN

On the 7th day they raised a great shout to make the walls of the city crumble.

Fighting Judges

After Joshua,Israelites were led

by judges.

Bible contains stories

about some judges such as:

Under Deborah, theIsraelites fought to gaincontrol central Canaan and built walled townsto protect themselves.

Gideon Samuel Eli Samson Barak and Deborah

The Canaanites moved to the flat coastal areas.

One group were the Phoenicians who lived in cities along the Mediterranean Sea and were skilled sailors and traders.

Phoenician Sea Routes

Phoenician Sea Routes

A Phoenician Bireme Ship

A Phoenician Bireme ShipPhoenician ships carried

goods to Greece, Spain, and Western Africa.

Phoenician City of Byblos:

“Home of the Alphabet”

Phoenician City of Byblos:

“Home of the Alphabet”

Phoenicians spread ideas such as their alphabet which made writing simpler.

The Phoenician alphabet was spread to Greeks and Romans and is the basis for most western alphabets in the world today.

Carthage: Phoenicia’s Mightiest ColonyCarthage: Phoenicia’s Mightiest Colony