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Chapter 3
Work Habits and Issues
Introduction• This chapter covers the following topics:• Defining good work habits• Health and safety issues• Workplace diversity• Workplace discrimination• Workplace harassment• Workplace ethics• Teamwork
Defining Good Work Habits
• Procrastination– Putting off important tasks
• Techniques to reduce procrastination :• Determine the cost of procrastination• Attack the burdensome task• Make small progress on an overwhelming
task
Defining Good Work Habits (cont’d.)
• Work success principles• Develop mission, goals, and strong work
ethic• Good attendance and punctuality• Stay on task• Operating with neatness, order, and speed• Work smarter not harder• Rest and relax when work is complete
Defining Good Work Habits (cont’d.)
• Techniques for productivity• Clean and organized workspace• Good use of technology• Focus on one task at a time• Planning
Health and Safety Issues
• Employer responsible for maintaining safe work areas– Personal protective equipment– Instruction and training
• Workers responsible for their own safety– Careful use of equipment– Report hazards and injuries
Health and Safety Issues (cont’d.)
• Only licensed electricians can legally perform electrical work
• Hazard identification– Spot the hazard– Assess the risk– Make the changes
Health and Safety Issues (cont’d.)
• Most common cause of electrocution– Contact with overhead wires
• Causes of electrical accidents :• Lack of training or supervision• Inadequate work practices• Poorly maintained equipment• Unauthorized repairs
Health and Safety Issues (cont’d.)
• General safety precautions :• Inspect tools regularly• Repair equipment with frayed cords• Release stored energy when
disconnecting equipment• Keep cords off the floor• Know location of the main electrical
disconnect
Workplace Diversity
• Workplace that respects employee differences– Seeks to maximize individual potential
• Examples of types of diversity– Age, disability, gender, ethnicity, education
Workplace Diversity (cont’d.)
• Challenges to workplace diversity:• Communication• Resistance to change• Level of management support
Workplace Discrimination
• Unequal treatment due to prejudice• 1964 Civil Rights Act guarantees equal
employment opportunity• Types of employment discrimination
– Age, national origin, disability, gender, race, religion
• Not all unfavorable treatment is caused by discrimination
Workplace Harassment
• Creating an unpleasant or hostile work environment:– Through verbal or physical conduct
• Behavior must be unwanted and continuing to constitute harassment
• Can impact performance in the workplace
Workplace Harassment (cont’d.)
• Examples of harassment types:• Bullying• Disability• Gender• Ethnic origin• Sexual• Retaliation
Workplace Harassment (cont’d.)
• Individual should report harassment immediately
• Employer can be held liable for workplace harassment
Workplace Ethics
• Set of established standards based on core values
• Moral guidelines specific to the work environment
• Ethical behavior categories– Abusive behavior– Cheating
Workplace Ethics (cont’d.)
• Ethical behavior categories : (cont’d.)• Confidentiality• Honesty• Initiative• Reliability• Self-control• Undue credit
Workplace Ethics (cont’d.)
• Benefits of effective ethics program :• Aligning workforce with mission and vision• Creating productive work environment• Hiring and retaining highly skilled
employees
Teamwork
• Team working together towards a common goal
• Example of PCB fabrication team roles :• Leader• Computer simulator• PCB designer• Fabricator
Teamwork (cont’d.)
• Example of PCB fabrication team roles (cont’d.) :
• Assembler• Recorder• Media presentation
Teamwork (cont’d.)• Techniques to become a better team
member :• Accept responsibility• Know your team role• Communicate• Get involved• Listen actively• Support other team members