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Chapter 33 Substance Abuse
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Chapter 33
Substance Abuse
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Substance Abuse
Drugs, alcohol, and tobacco abuse is a serious problem.
The government has spent billions to eradicate illicit drug use, with little success.
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Definition of Terms
Substance misuse Improper use of prescribed drugs or other
chemicals Substance abuse
Unacceptable use of drugs or other chemicals for recreation
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Habituation and Dependence
Habituation Pattern of repeated substance abuse
Substance dependence Person cannot function without the use of a
substance
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Dependence
Psychological dependence A compulsive need to feel the effect of the
abused drug Physical dependence
When the body cannot function physiologically without the abused substance
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Addiction and Tolerance
Addiction Person’s loss of control over chemical use
Tolerance Amount of the substance used has to be
increased to achieve desired effect
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Abused Drugs
Heroin Cocaine Opiates Central nervous
system depressants
Alcohol
Central nervous system stimulants
Ecstasy Marijuana
(cannabis) Psychedelic agents Tobacco Inhalants
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Abused Agents
Several of the abused agents are discussed in this presentation.
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Opiate Abuse
Includes morphine, codeine, meperidine, methadone, propoxyphene (Darvon), and hydromorphone HCl (Dilaudid)
Effects: produces a rush, euphoria, tranquility, mental clouding, respiratory depression, and sleepiness
Pupil constriction is a common effect and is easily detected.
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Sedative-Hypnotics
Include diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), oxazepam (Serax), barbiturates
Effects: produces sedation, drowsiness, slurred speech, impaired judgment, lethargy, and uncoordinated movements
Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Alcohol Abuse
Effects: depresses the central nervous system; produces relaxation and mood elevation
With increased intake, produces impaired judgment, slurred speech, slowed reaction time, poor motor coordination, and poor balance
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Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Alcohol Abuse
If intake increases, the person loses his or her memory and demonstrates completely uninhibited behavior; can result in unconsciousness.
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Copyright 2007 Thomson Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning Inc. All rights reserved.
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Effects of alcohol consumption on the brain
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