Date post: | 04-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | anastasia-daniella-bond |
View: | 216 times |
Download: | 0 times |
Chapter 42
Building Codes and Commercial Design
Introduction• Commercial drafting depends more on
building codes– This means working with the International
Building Code or a local code based on IBC• You must be able to properly use the code
governing your area
Exploring Building Codes• International Building Code (IBC)
– Published by the International Code Council (ICC)
– Merger between:• Uniform Building Code (UBC)• National Building Code (NBC)• Building Officials and Code Administrators
International (BOCA)• Standard Building Code (SBC)
Exploring Building Codes (cont’d.)• International Building Code (cont’d)
– Part of a family of codes • Structural• Plumbing• Mechanical• Fire• Residential
– Several other International Codes published by the ICC (e.g., fuel gas, sewage disposal, etc.)
Exploring Building Codes (cont’d.)• Building codes influence every aspect of a
construction project– Code book should be available and referred to
frequently• Check with building department to determine the
code for drafting project
Exploring Building Codes (cont’d.)• Exploring the IBC
– Each code consists of related books to regulate: • Design and structural• Electrical and energy• Fire• Mechanical• Plumbing• Zoning
– Construction types are numbered from I to V
Exploring Building Codes (cont’d.)• Exploring the IBC (cont’d.)
– Additional considerations• Safety requirements• Building systems• Building materials
Determining Design Categories• Occupancy groups
– Specifies by whom or how the structure will be used
• Ten classifications, broken into sub classifications• Group R occupancy categories considerations
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Type of construction
– Five general types of construction• Represented by the Roman numerals I through V
• Building area– Basic square-foot sizes
• May be altered depending on construction techniques
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Determining height
– Occupancy and type of construction will determine maximum height
• Building location and size– Impacted by zoning and the structures use
• Increasing space between buildings lessens chance of additional fire damage and provides greater firefighting equipment access
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Increasing the allowable floor area
– Wood frames cannot be as large or tall as those built of noncombustible materials
• Fire protected structural members may be larger and taller
• Occupancy load– Determined by a ratio of room area to code
specified area per person
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Exits
– Exit paths• Mostly determined by number of occupants
– Determining exits• Refer to text for calculations
– Exit locations• If more than one exit is required, IBC requires at
least two exits be separated by one-half of the diagonal of the area served
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Accessibility requirements for type R
occupancies– Type of living units based on level of
accessibility provided• Type A or B
Design Categories (cont’d.)• Accessibility requirements for type R
occupancies– Additional considerations:
• Accessible routes• Operating controls• Doorways• Kitchens• Toilet and bathing facilities
Using the Codes• Drafter must be aware of classifications
– Many problems will need the code to solve• Requires knowledge of basic code limitations
– Practice using tables in the text and similar tables of the code that govern your area