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Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements,and Minerals
What are Atoms and Elements?What are Atoms and Elements?
What is Crystal Structure?What is Crystal Structure?
What are the Most Abundant Elements in theWhat are the Most Abundant Elements in the
How Do We Identify Minerals?How Do We Identify Minerals?What are the Physical Properties of Minerals?What are the Physical Properties of Minerals?
Earth’s Crust?Earth’s Crust?
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Specimen of Granite
Figure 5.1
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Model of Crystal Structureof Halite (or Table Salt)
Figure 5.2
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Water Molecule
Box 5.1
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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(A) Model, and (B) Schematic ofthe Oxygen Atom
Figure 5.3
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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(A) Helium Atom, and(B) Neon Atom
Figure 5.4
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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(A) Sodium Ion, and(B) Chlorine Ion
Figure 5.5
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Crustal Abundance of Elements
Table 5.1
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Ionic Bonding betweenSodium and Chlorine
Box 5.2 – Figure 1
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Carbon Atoms CovalentlyBonded, as in Diamond
Box 5.2 – Figure 2
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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The Silicon-OxygenTetrahedron
Figure 5.6
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Single Tetrahedrons (A, B) Require More Positively-Charged Ions to Maintain Electrical
Neutrality Than Those Sharing an Oxygen Atom
Figure 5.7
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Common Silicate Structures
Figure 5.8
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Crystal Structure of Olivine
Figure 5.9
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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(A) Model, and (B) Diagram ofa Single-Chain Silicate Structure
Figure 5.10
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Minerals of the Earth’s Crust
Table 5.2
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Expansive Clays
Box 5.4
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Mohs’ Hardness Scale
Table 5.3
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Quartz Crystals with Interfacial Angles
Figure 5.15
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Geometric Forms Built by StackingCubes (A,B) and Rhombohedrons (C,D)
Figure 5.16
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Relationship of Cubes to Partof a Halite Crystal
Figure 5.17
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Relationship of Mica to Cleavage
Figure 5.18b
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Possible Types of Mineral Cleavage
Figure 5.19
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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X-Ray Passes Through a Crystaland is Deflected by the
Atoms into a Pattern of Beams
Figure 5.25
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Bancroft: Mineral Capital of Canada
Box 5.5
Photo by N. Eyles
Photo by N. Eyles
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Answers to SelectedTesting Your Knowledge
Questions
11.
12.
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18.
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B
A
D
B
A
D
F
B
C
D
D
A
C
Chapter 5: Atoms, Elements, and Minerals
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Additional Resources
Student ResourcesStudent ResourcesStudent Online Learning CentreThe robust Student Edition of the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer features quizzes for study and review, interactive exercises and animation, as well as additional boxed readings, searchable glossary, “Virtual Vista” environments, suggestions for further reading, and much more!
Laboratory ManualThe Lab Manual to accompany Physical Geology and the Environment has been created as a resource for laboratory sessions in physical geology, mirroring the "Inquiry-Based Approach" of the text. Structured on exercises and corresponding background concepts, the lab manual contains student-friendly worksheets, and has been perforated for easy lab use.
Instructor ResourcesInstructor ResourcesInstructor Online Learning CentreThe OLC at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer includes a password-protected Web site for Instructors. The site offers downloadable supplements and access to PageOut, the McGraw-Hill Ryerson Web site development centre.
Instructor’s Manual – The IM contains a chapter overview, list of changes per chapter, chapter learning objectives, further information on boxed features, short and long discussion/essay questions, and details on additional readings and resources outside the textbook.
Test Bank – Contains a bank of 40-60 multiple-choice and true/false questions per chapter.
Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation – This presentation system offers visual presentations that may be edited and manipulated to fit a particular course format. They also contain selected solutions to the problem material.
TransparenciesA set of more than 200 transparencies tied to the text content are available for instructors.
