Chapter 5Unit 2: Mental/Emotional Health
Mental & EmotionalProblems
Ch. 5/Lesson 1
Dealing with Anxiety & Depression-2 most common mental health problems
Anxiety-the condition of feeling uneasy or worried about what may happen
Occasional anxiety is natural response to life events; once the stressful situation is over, so is the anxiety it created• How to Cope? … use the stress management
techniques from ch. 4• Why not use substances such as alcohol or drugs to
cope?Produce a temporary false sense of relaxation & cause other physical, mental, social, and legal problems
Depression – a prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness(sadness affects everyone, but depression usually last longer and may produce symptoms that do not go away over time)• 15% of all Teens will display some signs of depression• Most common mental health concerns
Types of Depression~Major > intense feelings; lasting weeks or months at a time~Mild > less severe symptoms, but can last for years~Adjustment Disorder > reaction to a specific life event (loss and having trouble with closure)
Warning Signs of Depression
5 or more of these symptoms must persist
for two or more weeks before diagnosis
Persistent sad or irritable mood
Loss of energy
Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt
Significant change in appetite or weight
Difficulty concentrating
Difficulty sleeping or oversleeping
Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
Physical Signs of nervousness
http://www.webmd.com/depression/ss/slideshow-depression-overview
Causes and Effects of Depression
Causes: • physical… heredity; illness; medical condition• psychological…surviving a traumatic life event• social or environmental… living in poverty; abusive environment• Emotional… harmful family situation; relationshipEffects or other (symptoms): • changes in thinking…concentrating; decision making• changes in feelings…apathy-lack of strong feeling, interest or
concern• changes in behavior…moody, lack of; eating more or less;
sleeping; fatigued; withdrawn; and neglect basic hygiene; use of harmful substances
Getting HelpDepression is treatable• Medications • Changes in school or environment• Counseling Focus on the positive things in your life Talk to a trusted friend, family member or counselor Get some exercise
Ch. 5 /Lesson 2
Mental Disorders
Each year 57.7 million people in the US are affected by some form of mental disorder- illness of the mind that can affect thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, preventing him or her from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life.
(approx. 1 in every 6)Stigma- a mark of shame or disapproval that results in an individual being shunned or rejected by others
Mental Disorders are medical conditions that require diagnosis and treatment and can begin as early as childhood
Disorder Effects/Types
Anxiety disorder
*most common among children and teens13-15% between ages 9 and 17
Real or imagined fears are difficult to control-Phobia-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)-Panic Disorder-Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)-General Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Impulse control disorder Can’t resist the urge to cause harm to themselves or others-kleptomania -excessive gambling-cutting -compulsive shopping-pyromania
Eating disorder*more common among teen girls
Discomfort with body image; controlling and perfectionistic characteristics; people pleasers
Disorder Effects/Types*Conduct disorder *Engage in patterns of behavior in which the rights of
others or basic social rules are violated-Stealing -Cruelty -Arson-Lying -Violence -Vandalism-Aggression -Truancy
*Schizophrenia*Affects 1% of population
*Person loses contact with reality… Symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorders
*Mood disorder
*Personality Disorder
*DissociativeIdentity Disorder (Multiple Personality Disorder)
*Illness that involves mood extremes that interfere with everyday living (more extreme than the normal highs and lows)-Depression-Bipolar disorder (Manic Depression)
*Unable to regulate their emotions. Cause is unknown
*common effect of severe trauma during early childhood, usually extreme, repetitive physical, sexual, and/or emotional abuse. Produces a lack of connection in a person's thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity
Ch. 5/Lesson 3
Suicide PreventionSuicide-The act of intentionally taking ones own life*Graph displays % of Teens with Mild to Severe Depression(CDC Study-2009)
Boys GirlsAverage0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Felt Sad or HopelessThought About SuicideOften Felt Lonely
Most people learn to deal with stress, but for some it can cause Alienation – feeling isolated and separated from everyone else• Lack of a support group• Unable to access community helpSeeking to escape the pain, they make consider suicide*3rd Leading cause of death for Teens 15-19
Suicide Risk Factors1. Depression or other
mental problems2. History of alcohol or
drug abuseOther Risk Factors:• Stressful situation or loss• Previous attempts• Family History of mental
disorders• Easy access to guns*Among those that do commit suicide, 90% suffer from these risk factors
Strategies to Prevent SuicideRecognizing the Warning Signs
Signs should be taken seriously. The more signs exhibited, the more likely it is that the person is thinking about suicide
Recognizing these signs may help prevent `````````````````````a SUICIDE```````````````````````
Direct statements “I wish I were dead” Deterioration of schoolwork
Indirect statements “I can’t take it…” Substance abuse
Unusual obsession with death Guilt, shame, rejection, (-)self evaluation
Writing songs, lyrics, poems, diary entries about death
Giving away personal belongings
Dramatic changes in personality, hygiene, or appearance
Intolerance for praise or rewards
Impulsive/Unusual behaviors Violent, rebellious behavior, running away
Withdrawal from friends Complaints about physical ailments
How You Can Help• Initiate a Meaningful Conversation(Show interest, compassion, patience, and understanding and just listen)• Show Support and Ask Questions(“All problems have solutions…suicide is not the answer) *Share the fact that most suicide survivors are grateful the did not die • Try to Persuade the Person to Seek Help(parent, counselor, trusted adult…go with them)
Ch. 5/Lesson 4
Getting Help (Mental Health Professionals)
When is help needed?• Feeling trapped or worried all the time• Feelings that affect sleep, eating, schoolwork,
performance, relationships• Becoming involved with alcohol/drugs• Being aggressive, violent, or recklessMental Health influences every aspect
of a person’s life….get help!
Seeking help can be a hard step and you can’t do it alone!
Facts to keep in mind when you or someone is hesitant to seek help…
• Show signs of inner strength• Serious disorder, compulsions, additions do
require professional intervention• Sharing thoughts and feeling with an objective
person can be of great relief• Financial help may be available
Mental Health ProfessionalsHealth Care
Professionals `````````````````````````
Counselor Neurologist
School Psychologist
Clinical Psychologist
Psychiatrist Psychiatric Social
Worker
• Counselor-handles personal/school matters
• School Psychologist-assessment of learning, emotional, and behavior problems
• Psychiatrist-physician that can diagnose/treat mental disorders (prescribe meds)
• Neurologist-physician of physical disorders of brain/nervous system
• Clinical Psychologist-diagnose/treat emotional and behavior disorders
• Psychiatric Social Worker-provides counseling/guidance in community (hospitals, health clinics, etc)
Methods of TreatmentTreatment Methods ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Psychotherapy – on going dialogue with patient to find the cause of the problem and devise a solution
Family Therapy –helping families function more positively promote better communication and education
Behavior Therapy – focuses on changing the unwanted behavior through rewards and reinforcements
Group Therapy – treating a group of people who have similar problems
Cognitive Therapy – identify and correct distorted thinking patterns that lead to self-destructive behaviors and feelings
Drug Therapy – the use of certain medications to treat or reduce the symptoms of the disorder