29
McGraw-Hill Technology Education © 2006 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 10 C H A P T E R PRIVACY AND SECURITY
| Date post: | 03-Jan-2016 |
| Category: |
Documents |
| Upload: | carol-mcleod |
| View: | 27 times |
| Download: | 5 times |
McGraw-Hill Technology Education © 2006 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
10101010CH
AP
TE
R
PRIVACY AND SECURITY
CE06_PP10-2
Competencies (Page 1 of 2) Discuss the privacy issues related to the presence of large databases, private networks, the Internet, and the Web
Describe the major privacy laws and the Code of Fair Information Practice
Describe the security threats posted by computer criminals, computer crime, and other hazards
Page 270
CE06_PP10-3
Competencies (Page 2 of 2)
Discuss ways that individuals and organizations protect their security
Describe the common types of physical and mental risks associated with computer use and ways to protect yourself against these risks
Discuss what the computer industry is doing, and what you can do to protect the environment
Page 270
CE06_PP10-4
Information Systems
people procedures
software
hardwaredata
connectivity
Page 272
CE06_PP10-5
Information Systems & Privacy
People computer can be used for both good and bad
Does technology make it easy to invade our privacy?
When we apply for a loan, school, DL; when check out from supermarket, library, etc. is that information about us being distributed and used without our permission?
When we use the web, is info about being collected?
CE06_PP10-6
Information Systems & Security
Does technology make it easy for others to invade the security of business organizations like banks, public & government organizations
E.g. public organization: schools, health records
Government organizations: e.g. classified information fom department of defense
CE06_PP10-7
Information Systems Concerns for People
Privacy – What are the threats to personal privacy and how can we protect our selves?Security – How can access to sensitive information be controlled and how can we secure hardware and software?Ergonomics – What are the physical and mental risks to technology and how can these risks be eliminated or controlled?Environment – What can individuals and organizations do to minimize the impact of technology?
Page 272
CE06_PP10-8
Computer Ethics and Privacy
Computer ethics provide guidelines for computer use Ethics issues include:
Privacy: collection and use of data about individualsAccuracy: responsibility to ensure data is correctProperty: who owns data and rights to softwareAccess: responsibility of those who have data to control who is able to use that data
Page 273
CE06_PP10-9
Large DatabasesOrganizations are constantly collecting data
The Fed. Gov. has over 2000 databases
Data gatherersInformation resellers or information brokersElectronic profiles are created
Concerns Spreading information without consent
Identify theft
Spreading inaccurate informationMistaken identity
Freedom of Information Act: You’re entitled to look at your records held by government agencies.
Page 274
Return
CE06_PP10-10
Computer Ethics and Privacy
Private networksEmployer eavesdropping on employees
Snoopware: software that records everything you do on your computer
~ 75% of employers use it.
Legal
Legal attempts to restrict its use
CE06_PP10-11
Private Networks
Employers monitor e-mail
Legally done
Snoopware Software
Online services right to censor content
Screen and reject messages
Terminate user accounts
Page 276
Return
CE06_PP10-12
Internet and WebIllusion of anonymity
Not concerned about privacy when surfing the InternetNot concerned about privacy when sending e-mail
History fileCookies – two basic types
Traditional Ad network or adware cookies
Cookie-cutter programsSpywareSpy removal programs
Page 276
CE06_PP10-13
Computer Ethics and Privacy
Privacy laws exist, but privacy remains primarily an ethical issue
CE06_PP10-14
Major Privacy Laws
Page 279
CE06_PP10-15
Code of Fair Information PracticePrinciple Description
No secret databases No personal data that is secret
Right of individual access
Individuals have a right to see information about them
Right of consent Information for one purpose cannot be used again
Right to correct Ability to correct errors
Assurance of reliability Data must not be misused
Page 279
Return
CE06_PP10-16
Security and Computer Criminals
Threats to computer security are criminals, computer crime, and hazards
Computer criminals are of five types:
Employees
Outside users
Hackers and crackers
Organized crime
Terrorists
Page 282
CE06_PP10-17
Computer CrimeNumber of Computers Crimes Going Up
Malicious ProgramsViruses
Worms
Trojan horse
Denial of service (DoS)
Internet Scams
TheftHardware or software
Data
Computer time
Data Manipulation Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986
Page 283
CE06_PP10-18
Commonly Encountered Viruses
Return
Page 286
CE06_PP10-19
Commonly Encountered Worms
Return
Page 286
CE06_PP10-20
Other Hazards Natural hazards
Fires & floods
Winds
Hurricanes
Tornadoes
Earthquakes
Civil strife and terrorism
Wars
Riots
Terrorist acts
Technological failuresVoltage surge
Use surge protector
Human errors
Page 287
CE06_PP10-21
Measures to Protect Computer Security
Encrypting messages
Restricting access
Anticipating disasters
Backing up data
Encrypted e-mail
Page 287
Return
CE06_PP10-22
Restricting Access
Assigning passwords
Biometric scanningFingerprint scanners
Retinal (eye) scanners
FirewallsSpecial hardware and software
Controls access to internal networks
Page 238
Return
CE06_PP10-23
Ergonomics (Page 1 of 3)
Study of human factors related to things people use
Physical HealthEyestrain and headache
Back and neck pain
Repetitive strain injury
Page 238
CE06_PP10-24
Ergonomics (Page 2 of 3)
Page 291
CE06_PP10-25
Ergonomics (Page 3 of 3)
Computer technology offers ways of improving productivity but can create irritants other than physical
Noise
Electronic monitoring
Technostress
Stress associated with computer use
Page 292
Return
CE06_PP10-26
The Environment
Page 293
CE06_PP10-27
Personal Responsibility to Help Protect the Environment
What can you do?
Conserve
Recycle
Educate
Page 294
CE06_PP10-28
A Look to the FuturePresence Technology
Presence technology alerts you that someone is trying to reach you
People can locate you
People can tell which device is best to contact you
Could become a standard feature of new cars, phones, and appliances
Page 295
CE06_PP10-29
Discussion Questions
Discuss the relationship between databases and privacy.
Discuss the Code of Fair Information Act. Why has this act not been made into law?
Discuss the various kinds of computer criminals.
What are the principal measures used to protect computer security? What is encryption? How is it used by corporations and individuals
What is ergonomics? How does computer use impact mental health? Physical health?
Page 302
