Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Muscular SystemThe Muscular System

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ObjectivesObjectives

The overview of the make up of the The overview of the make up of the Skeletal Muscle systemSkeletal Muscle system

Muscle: Functions, Anatomy & Muscle: Functions, Anatomy & Physiology of a Muscle Contraction : Physiology of a Muscle Contraction : SarcomereSarcomere

Nervous system connection to the Nervous system connection to the Skeletal Muscle system : Large Scale Skeletal Muscle system : Large Scale

What do we already know?What do we already know?

How Many types of Muscles are there?

3How many are Voluntary?

1

Which one is it?

Skeletal

Types of Muscles Types of Muscles

Cardiac:

Mono-nucleated

Involuntary

Branched

Connected with Intercalated Disks for synchronization of movement

Types of MusclesTypes of Muscles

Smooth:

Mono-nucleated

Involuntary

Non-striated

Moves in waves called “PERISTALSIS”

Real life:Real life: Not human of course

Types of MusclesTypes of Muscles

Skeletal:

Multi-nucleated

Voluntary

Striated

Moves the Body (amongst other things)

He “Stuffs”

Overview: Skeletal Muscles Overview: Skeletal Muscles

There are 650 muscles on average in There are 650 muscles on average in the human body the human body

Muscle groups always complement Muscle groups always complement each other, one contracting = one each other, one contracting = one relaxing relaxing

Ex. Biceps & Triceps, Back & Ex. Biceps & Triceps, Back & AbdominalsAbdominals

Muscles need nerve impulses to make Muscles need nerve impulses to make them contract. them contract.

So what does 650 muscles look So what does 650 muscles look like?like?

Like this…

Functions of Muscles Functions of Muscles

Movement

Maintaining posture

Functions of MusclesFunctions of Muscles

Stabilizing Joints Generating heat

How does this relate to what How does this relate to what we already know?we already know?

Things Necessary for LifeThings Necessary for Life

Chapter 1 Chapter 1

Remember all these?Remember all these?

M.R. B.G. D.R.E.M.M.R. B.G. D.R.E.M.

Things Necessary for LifeThings Necessary for Life Boundaries Boundaries = something that separates the = something that separates the

outside from the inside of the organismoutside from the inside of the organism MovementMovement = for getting food and = for getting food and

causing things in the body to move causing things in the body to move like like blood in your veinsblood in your veins

ResponsivenessResponsiveness= reactions to = reactions to stimulistimuli

DigestionDigestion = breaking down food into = breaking down food into useful energy to be useduseful energy to be used

Metabolism Metabolism = all chemical reactions = all chemical reactions in the body in the body

ExcretionExcretion = getting rid of waste from = getting rid of waste from the bodythe body

Things Necessary for Life Things Necessary for Life cont. cont.

ReproductionReproduction = the ability to = the ability to produce OFFSPRING produce OFFSPRING

GrowthGrowth = To increase in size. = To increase in size. Typically by increasing the number of Typically by increasing the number of cells. cells.

Complimenting Muscles Complimenting Muscles Groups Groups

For One Muscle to contractcontract

Another muscle must relaxrelax

The is how it is across the entire body.

Now you try it: Head Back Head Forward

Anatomy of a Muscle Anatomy of a Muscle

Largest Smallest OR Outside In (Which ever you prefer)

Epimysium

Perimysium

Fascicle

Endomysium

Muscle Fiber

A Closer look at Muscle A Closer look at Muscle FiberFiber

Largest Smallest OR Outside In (Which ever you prefer)

Sarcolemma Myofibril Sarcomere

Of Course you would ask “What is a Sarcomere?”

Lets Turn the page and Find out

A Closer look at Muscle A Closer look at Muscle FiberFiber

Welcome to the:

Sarcomere Sarcomere The smallest unit of the Muscle system I will be expecting you to know.

A Sarcomere is simply the space from

Z-Disc Z-Disc

You with me so far?You with me so far?We went from

Muscle Belly

Epimysium

Perimysium

Fascicle

Endomysium

Individual Muscle FiberSarcolemma

Myofibril

Sarcomere

Biggest

Smallest

Anatomy & Physiology of a Anatomy & Physiology of a Muscle Contraction: SarcomereMuscle Contraction: Sarcomere

~Hold Please~

Path of a Muscle Contraction: Path of a Muscle Contraction: Large Scale Large Scale

Stimulus: Someone tickles you

The signal is sent to the CNS (Central Nervous system)

Action: You interpret the signal and send a signal to your muscles for reaction = you turn and punch them in the head.

Interpretation of that signal = “Someone just tickled “Someone just tickled me”me”

= Muscle contraction

So what did we cover?So what did we cover?

The Skeletal Muscle System is VoluntaryThe Skeletal Muscle System is Voluntary It is part of the Things Necessary for LifeIt is part of the Things Necessary for Life From Largest to Smallest: What makes up From Largest to Smallest: What makes up

a musclea muscle What a Sarcomere What a Sarcomere isis and and doesdoes during a during a

muscle contractionmuscle contraction The involvement of CNS for muscle The involvement of CNS for muscle

reaction and contraction. (generally reaction and contraction. (generally speaking)speaking)

What’s to comeWhat’s to come

Start ofStart of: : Lab of Head and Lab of Head and NeckNeck

Lab of Torso and ArmLab of Torso and Arm *if *if Head and Neck books are Head and Neck books are

occupied*occupied*

Lecture 2:Lecture 2: Motor Neuron Motor Neuron pathways and Body pathways and Body

Movements Movements