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Living in the New Capital
John Adams was the first President to live in the President’s House in Washington, D.C.◦ Called the Executive
Mansion◦ It would be another 100
years until it was officially called the White House It wasn’t even white at the
beginning…it was gray
◦ Moves in toward the end of his term as President
Not the Prettiest CityAbigail Adams arrived
after John had already moved in◦ She had some problems
with the city◦ Only a city in name◦ What does that mean?◦ What were some of these
problems? Buildings were spread out and
unfinished Roads were muddy (the city
was still under construction) The President’s house was
damp (no wood for fireplaces)
Some Positives
Some of the rooms were beautiful even unfinished◦ Knew they would only
look better when they were complete
The city was in a beautiful spot◦ Abigail Adams could see
the potential for improvement
◦ Once improved it would be an impressive city
Named WashingtonGeorge Washington
had started construction of the city
He died in 1799◦ The nation was
shocked and mourned together
Decided to rename Federal City in honor of the president
A Portrait as a Biography
Describe Adams’ pose and attitude in this painting.
What clues tell you about this attitude?
What other objects or symbols do you see in the painting?
One of the most Human PresidentsWhat does that
mean?He had both
good and bad qualities
President 1797-1801◦ Was 61 when he
took office◦ Thomas Jefferson
was his Vice President
Good QualitiesWhat were some of Adams’ good
qualities?◦Brave◦Intelligent◦Patriotic◦Always did what he thought was
right (not always what was popular)◦Independent
Is that always a good thing?
Some Bad Qualities
What were some things about John Adams that weren’t so good?◦ Vain◦ Didn’t trust the people
What political party does that belief fall under?
◦ Had a temper◦ Away from the capital a
lot (385 days in four years)
WarFrance and England were fighting
◦Some people wanted America to become allies with the French Why? They had been our allies in the
Revolution
◦Other people wanted America to side with the British Why? They still had old ties with England from
when they were colonies
War during Washington’s Term
The British and French were both capturing American ships◦The British also kidnapped American sailors to
serve in the British navy◦Called impressment◦Claimed that the sailors they took were actually
British sailors who had jumped shipWashington sent John Jay (Chief Justice) to
England to make peace with the British◦The Jay Treaty settled some small disputes with
the British◦But the British did not agree to stop taking
American ships
War during Washington’s Term
Washington got rid of the alliance with France that was established in 1778◦ Stated that the United States would
be friendly with both England and France
◦ Called the Proclamation of Neutrality France sent an ambassador to
America ◦ Edmond Genet◦ The government wasn’t very
welcoming to him◦ So he wanted to talk directly to the
people◦ Washington asked the French to
remove him Why wouldn’t Washington want him to talk
to the people?
He Kept Us Out of WarAdams followed Washington’s lead and
kept the United States neutralThis angered the French
◦Why?◦The French continued stopping American ships
How would you react to this?◦Even more people than before now wanted to
fight for the British◦Especially Alexander Hamilton◦What side do you think Jefferson was on?◦He lost some support from his own Federalist
party
XYZ Affair
Adams sent a delegation of 3 people to negotiate a treaty with France◦ 1797◦ John Marshall, Charles C.
Pickney, Elbridge Gerry◦ To get the French to stop
capturing American ships
French agents offered a treaty at a price
•They required a bribe of $250,000 and a loan of $10 million • Paid to Charles
Maurice de Talleyrand• French foreign
minister•They refused