Chapter 7:

References

References

Page | 173

Abdo-Hasan, M., Khalil, H., Debis, B. and MirAli, N. (2008) Molecular

chrecterization of Syrian races of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.

malvacearum. J. Plant Pathol. 90: 431-439.

Adhikari, T.B., Mew, T.W. and Leach, J.E. (1999) Genotypic and

pathotypic diversity in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Nepal.

Phytopathology. 89: 687-694.

Adaskaveg, J.E. (2005) Etiology, Epidemiology, and Management of

Hyphoderma Gummosis. Annl. Report Citrus Research Board.

Tulare.

Agrios, G.N. (1997) Plant Pathology 4th edition. Academic Press,

California, USA.

Aprna, G., Chatterjee, A., Jha, G., Sonti, R.V. and Sankaranarayan,

R. (2009) Crystalization and preliminary crystallographic studies

of LipA, a secretary Lipase/esterase from Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

oryzae. Acta Crystalogr. F63: 708-710.

Aritua, V., Nanyonjo, A., Kumakech, F. and Tushemereirwe, W. (2007)

Rep-PCR reveals a high genetic homogeneity among Ugandan

isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv musacearum. African J.

Biotechnol. 6: 179-183.

Arnow, L. E. (1937) Colorimetric determination of the components of 2,

4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-tyrosine mixtures. J. Biol. Chem. 118:

531-537.

References

Page | 174

Arnon, D.I. (1949) Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts.

Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol. 24: 1–15.

Atal, C.K., Gupta, O.P. and Afaq, S.H. (1975) Commiphora wightii:

source of guggul in Indian system of medicine. Economic Botany.

29: 208-218.

Barak, J.D. and Gilbertson, R.L. (2003) Genetic diversity of

Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians, the causal agent of bacterial

leafspot of lettuce. Phytopathology. 93: 596-603.

Becker, A., Katzen, F., Puhler, A. and Ielpi, L. (1998) Xanthan gum

biosynthesis and application: biochemical/genetic perspective.

Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 50: 145-152.

Beckman T.G. (2003) Impact of fungal gummosis on peach trees. Hort.

Science. 38: 1141-1143.

Berthier, Y., Verdier, V., Guesdon, J. L., Chevier, D., Denis, J.B.,

Decoux, G. and Lemattre, M. (1993) Characterization of

Xanthomonas campestris pathovars by rRNA gene restriction

patterns. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59: 851-859.

Bhandari, M.M. (1964) Notes on Indian desert plants 4-new names and

combinations. Bulletin of Botanical Survey of India. 6: 327-328.

Bhandari, M.M. (1978) Flora of Indian desert, MPS reports, Jodhpur, pp.

89-90.

References

Page | 175

Bhatt, J.R., Nair, M.N.B. and Mohanram, H.Y. (1989): Enhancement of

oleo-gum resin production in Commiphora wightii by improved

tapping technique. Current Science. 58: 349-357.

Boothby D. (1983) Gummosis of stone-fruit trees and their fruits. J. Sci.

Food. Agric. 34: 1-7.

Bradbury, J.F. (1984) Xanthomonas Dowson. 1939. In: Bergey's manual

of systematic Bacteriology, Vol.1. (Krieg, N. R. and Holt, J.G. eds).

Williams and Wilkins, Balimore. pp. 199-210.

Bragard, C., Verdier, V. and Maraite, H. (1995) Genetic diversity among

Xanthomonas campestris strains pathogenic for small grains.

Appl. Env. Microbiol. 61: 1020-1026.

Bragard, C., Singer, E., Alizadeh, A., Vauterin, L., Maraite, H., and

Swings, J. (1997) Xanthomonas translucens from small grains:

Diversity and phytopathological relevance. Phytopathology. 87:

1111-1117.

Butler, 0. (1911) A study on gummosis of Prunus and Citrus, with

observations on squamosis and exanthema of the Citrus. Ann.

Bot. 25: 107-154.

Champoiseau, P., Daugrois, J.H., Pieretti, I., Cociancich, S., Royer,

M. and Rott, P. (2006) High variation in pathogenicity of

genetically closely related strains of Xanthomonas albilineans, the

References

Page | 176

sugarcane leaf scalds pathogen, in Guadeloupe. Phytopathology.

96: 1081-1091.

Chandel, K.P.S., Shukla, G. and Sharma, N. (1996) Biodiversity in

medicinal and aromatic plants in India: Conservation and

Utilization. pp. 12.

Chapon, V., Czjzek, M., El Hassouni, M., Py, B., Juy, M. and Barras,

F. (2001) Type II protein secretion in gram negative pathogenic

bacteria: The study of the structure/secretion relationships of the

cellulase Cel5 (formerly EGZ) from Erwinia chrysanthemi. J. Mol.

Biol. 310: 1055–1066.

Dagnachew, Y., and Bradbury, J.F. (1968) Bacterial wilt of Enset (Enset

ventricosum) incited by Xanthomonas campestris sp.

Phytopathology. 59: 111-112.

Dalal, K.C. and Patel, M.A. (1995) Guggal in Chadha - Advances in

Horticulture, Vol-11: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Malhotra

Publishing house, New Delhi, India. pp. 491-501.

Dalal, K.C., Patel. M.A., Upadhyay, N.V., Patel, R.B., Hirpara, B.V.,

Patel, M.C., Patel, P.B. and Gupta, R. (1989) Germplasm

collection and therapeutic. Botanical agriculture, chemical and

clinical aspect of the endangered indigenous plant, Guggul

(Commiphora wightii (Arnott) Bhand) – A status cum review report.

In presentation of trial data. Eighth workshop of all india

References

Page | 177

coordinated research project on medicinal and Aromatic plants.

Faridabad. pp. 67-79.

Dayakar, B.V. and Gnanamanickam, S.S. (1996) Biochemical and

pathogenic variation in strains of Xanthomonas campestris Pv.

mangiferaeindicae from Southern India. Indian Phytopathol. 49:

227-233.

Deng, R. (2007) Therapeutic effects of guggul and its constituent

guggulsterone: cardiovascular benefits. Cardiovasc. Drug Rev. 25:

375–390.

Dennis, J.J., Yadav, B.B.L., Joseph, T.G. and Mishra, K.P. (1980)

Pharmacognostic study of gum-oleo-resin of Commiphora wightii.

Bull. Med. Ethn. Bot. Res. 1: 72-79.

Dereje, A. (1985) Studies on the bacterial wilt of enset (Ensete

ventricosum) and prospects for its control. Ethiopian J. Agricultural

Science. 7: 1-14.

Dice, L.R. (1945) Measure of the amount of ecologic association between

species. Ecology. 26: 297-302.

Dowson, W.J. (1939) On the systemic position and generic names of the

gram negative plant pathogens. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasistenkd.

Infektionskr. Hyg. Abt. 2. 100: 177-193.

Dye, D.W. and Lelliot, R.A. (1974) Genus II. Xanthomonas. pp. 243 -

249 in Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th edn.

References

Page | 178

Dye, D.W., Bradbury, J.F., Goto, M., Hayward, A.C., Lelliot, R.A. and

Schroth, M. N. (1980) International Standards for naming

pathovars of phytopathogenic bacteria: a list of pathovars names

and pathotype strains. Rev. Plant Pathol. 59: 153-168.

Elizabete, S.C., Jackeline, L.P., Alice, M.Q., Eliane, F.N., Ricardo,

H.K. and Betania, F.Q. (2008) Xanthomonas gardneri

exoenzymatic activity towards plant tissue. World J. Microbiol.

Biotechnol. 24: 163–170.

Fulton, R.W. (1981) Handbook of Plant Virus Infections and Comparative

Diagnosis (E. Kurstak, Ed.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

pp. 377-413.

Gabriel, D.W. and De Feyter, R. (1992) RFLP analyses and gene tagging

for bacterial identification and taxonomy. In: Molecular Plant

Pathology. Vol.1: A Practical Approach. (S.J. Gurr, M.J.McPherson

and D.J. Bowles, eds). IRL Press, Oxford. pp. 51-66.

Gent, D.H., Al-Saadi, A., Gabriel, D.W., Louws, F.J., Ishimaru, C.A.

and Schwartz, H.F. (2005) Pathogenic and genetic relatedness

among Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii and other pathovars of

X. axonopodis. Phytopathology. 95: 918-925.

Ghislain M.D., Fazardo Z.D., Huaman, Z. and Hismans, R.H. (1999)

Marker assisted sampling of the cultivated Andean Potato

(Solanum fureja) collection using RAPD markers. Genet. Reosour.

Crop Evol. 46: 547-555.

References

Page | 179

Goncalves, E.R. and Rosato, Y.B. (2000) Genotypic characterization of

Xanthomonas strains isolated from passion fruit plants (Passifora

spp.) and their relatedness to different Xanthomonas species. Int.

J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50: 811-821.

Goncalves, E.R. and Rosato, Y.B. (2002) Phylogenetic analysis of

Xanthomonas species based upon 16S-23S rDNA intergenic

spacer sequences. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52: 355-361.

Gonzalez, E.T. and Allen, C. (2003) Characterization of a Ralstonia

solanacearum operon required for polygalacturonate degradation

and uptake of galacturonic acid. Mol. Plant Microbe. Interact. 16:

536–544.

Garavaglia, B.S., Thomas, L., Gottig, N., Zimaro,T., Garofalo, C.G.,

Gehring, C and Ottado, J. (2010) Shedding light on the role of

photosynthesis in pathogen colonization and host defence.

Commun Integr. Biol. 3(4): 382–384.

Guidi, L., Degl’Innocenti, E., Genovesi, S. and Soldatini, G.F. (2005)

Photosynthetic process and activities of enzymes involved in the

phenylpropanoid pathway in resistant and sensitive genotypes of

Lycopersicon esculentum L. exposed to ozone. Plant Science. 168:

153–160.

Gupta, P., Shivanna, K.R. and Mohanram, H.Y. (1996) Apomixis and

polyembryony in guggul plant; Commiphora wightii. Annals of

Botany. 78: 67-72.

References

Page | 180

Hall, T.A. (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment

editor and analysis programmer for windows 95/98/NT. Nucl.

Acids Symp. Ser. 41: 95-98.

Hamza, A.A., Robène-Soustrade, I., Jouen, E., Gagnevin, L., Lefeuvre,

P., Chiroleu, F. and Pruvost, O. (2010) Genetic and pathological

diversity among Xanthomonas strains responsible for bacterial

spot on tomato and pepper in the southwest Indian Ocean region.

Plant Disease. 94: 993- 999.

Hamza, A.A., Robène-Soustrade, I., Jouen, E., Gagnevin, L., Lefeuvre,

P., Chiroleu, F., Fisher-Le-Saux, M. and Pruvost, O. (2012)

MLSA and AFLP based characterization of Xanthomonads

associated with bacterial spot of tomato and pepper and their

relatedness to Xanthomonas species. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. Dio:

10-1016/j. syapm. 2011.12.005.

Hartung, J. S. and Civerolo, E. L. (1989) Restriction fragment length

polymorphisms distinguish Xanthomonas campestris strains

isolated from Florida citrus nurseries from X. citri. pv. citri.

Phytopathology. 79: 793-799.

Hauben, L., Vauterin, L., Swings, J. and Moore, E. R. B. (1997)

Comparison of 16S ribosomal DNA sequences of all Xanthomonas

species. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 47: 328-335.

Hayward, A.C. (1964) Characteristics of Pseudomonads solanacearum. J.

Appl. Bacteriol. 27: 265-277.

References

Page | 181

Hayward, A.C. (1993) The host of Xanthomonas. pp. 1-119. In J. G.

Swings and E.L. Civerolo (ed.), Xanthomonas. Chapman and Hall.

London.

Hildebrand, D.C., Palleroni, N.J. and Schroth, M.N. (1990)

Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness of 24 Xanthomonas strains

representing 23 Xanthomonas campestris pathovars and

Xanthomonas fragariae. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 68: 263-269.

Hildebrand, D.C., Palleroni, N.J. and Schroth, M.N. (1990) Usefulness

of nutritional screening for the identification of X. campestris DNA

homology groups and pathovars. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 75: 447-455.

Hiscox, J. D. and Israelstam, G. F. (1979) A method for the extraction

of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration. Can. J. Botany.

57: 1332–1334.

Hugouvieux, V., Barber, C.E. and Daniels, M.J. (1998) Entry of

Xanthomonas campestris Pv. campestris into hydathodes of

Arabidopsis thaliana leaves: a system for studying early infection

events in bacterial pathogenesis. Mol. Plant Microbe. Interactions.

11: 537-543.

Hwang, I. and Lim, S.M. (1998) Pathogenic variability in isolates of

Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 14:

19-22.

References

Page | 182

Jaccard, P. (1908) Nouvelles researches sur la distribution florale. Bull.

Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 44: 223-270.

Janse, J. D. (2005) Phytobacteriology; Principle and Practice. CABI

Publishing Company Limited, Wallingford, UK.

Jenkins, C.L. and Starr, M.P. (2006) Formation of halogenated aryl-

polyene (Xanthomonadin) pigments by the type and other yellow-

pigmented strains of Xanthomonas maltophilia. Annales de

l’Institut Pasteur Microbiologie. 136: 257-264.

Jha, J., Rajeswari, R. and Sonti, R.V. (2007) Functional interplay

between two Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae secretion system in

modulating on rice. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 20: 31-40.

Jioa, J., Goodwin, P. and Grodziniski, B. (1996) Photosynthesis and

export during stedy-state photosynthesis in bean leaves infected

with the bacterium X.campestris pv. phasioli. Can. J. Botany. 74:

1-9.

Jkotun, T. (1984) Pectolytic enzymes produced by Xanthomonas

campestris pv. cassavae and their involvement in pathogenesis.

Microbiology. 24: 363-368.

Kanitkar, K.R. and Basu, B.D. (1993) Indian medicinal plants. Vol 1:

25-28.

References

Page | 183

Kazemi-Pour, N., Condemine, G. and Hugouvieux-Cotte-Pattat, N.

(2004) The secretion of the plant pathogenic bacterium Erwinia

chrysanthemi. Proteonomics. 4: 3177–3186.

Khan, T.I and Frost, S. (2001) Floral biodiversity: a question of survival

in the Indian Thar Desert. Environmentalist. 21: 231–236.

Khan, A. H., (1958) The essential oil bearing plants of Pakistan Part-I.

The Pak. J. Forestry. 8(3): 262-289.

Khan, T.I., Dular, A.K. and Solomon, D.M. (2003) Biodiversity

conservation in the Thar desert, with emphasis on endemic and

medicinal plants. Environmentalist. 23: 137–144.

Khodakaramian, G. and Swings, J. (2010) Genetic Diversity and

Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas axonopodis Strains Inducing Citrus

Canker Disease in Iran and South Korea. Indian J. Microbiol. DOI

10.1007/s12088-011-0103-8.

Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu, B.D. (1988) Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. II.

Internat. Book Distributors, Dehra Dun, India.

Kishun, R. and Gupta, V.K. (2008) Detection of genetic diversity among

Indian strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae

using PCR-RAPD. Nature Precedings. 2403: 1.

Kimura, I., Koshikawa, M., Kobayashi, S., Sugihara, Y., Suzuki, M.,

Oominami, H., Murakami, T., Matsuda, H. and Doiphode, V.V.

(2001) New triterpenes, myrrhanol A and myrrhanone A, from

References

Page | 184

guggul-gum resins, and their potent anti-inflammatory effect on

adjuvant-induced air-pouch granuloma of mice. Bioorg. Med.

Chem. Lett. 11(8): 985-989.

Kokal, N., Sonnewald, U. and Sonnewald, A. (2008) Cell Wall-Bound

Invertase Limits Sucrose Export and Is Involved in Symptom

Development and Inhibition of Photosynthesis during Compatible

Interaction between Tomato and Xanthomonas campestris pv

vesicatoria. Plant Physiology. 148(3): 1523-1536.

Kpemoua, K., Boher, B., Nicole, M., Calatayud, P. and Geiger, J.P.

(1996) Cytochemistry of defense responses in cassava infected by

Xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis. Can. J. Microbiol. 41:

1131–1143.

Kumar, S. and Shankar, V. (1982) Medicinal plants of the Indian desert:

Commiphora wightii (Arrntt.) Bhand. Arid Environments. 5: 1-11.

Kurian A., and Sankar, M.A. (2007) Medicinal plant: Vol 2. Horticulture

series II. pp. 113. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi, India.

Lamour, H.K., Daughtrey, M.L., Benson, D.M., Hwang, J. and

Hausbeck, M.K. (2003) Etiology of Phytopthora drechsleri and P.

nicotianae disease affecting floriculture crops. Plant Disease. 87:

854-858.

Lazo, G.R., Roffey, R. and Gabriel, D.W. (1987) Pathovars of

Xanthomonas campestris are distinguishable by restriction

References

Page | 185

fragment length polymorphism. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 37: 214-

221.

Librado, P. and Rozas, J. (2009) DnaSP v5: A software for

comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data.

Bioinformatics. 25: 1451-1452.

Li, H.Y., Cao, R.B. and Mu, Y.T. (1995) In vitro inhibition of

Botryosphaeria dothidea and Lasiodiplodia theobromae, and

chemical control of gummosis disease of Japanese apricot and

peach trees in Zhejiang Province, China. Crop Protection. 14: 187-

191.

Lisowski, S., Malaisse, F. and Symoens, J.J. (1972) Le genera

Commiphora jacq. (Burseraceae) in Zaire (excongo-Kinshasa). The

genus Commiphora jacq. (Burseraceae) in Zaire (former

Congokinshasa). Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana, 46: 81-82.

Louws, F.J., Fulbright, D.W., Stephens, C.T. and De-Bruijn, F.J.

(1995) Differentiation of genomic structure by rep-PCR finger

printing to rapidly classify Xanthomonas campestris pv.

vesicatoria. Phytopathology. 85: 528-536.

Louws, J.F., Dennis, W., Fulbright, W.D., Stephens, T.C. and Bruijn,

J.F. (1994) specific genomic fingerprints of phytopathogenic

Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas pathovars and strains generated

with repetitive sequences and PCR. Appl. Env. Microbiol. 60:

2286-2295.

References

Page | 186

Ludwig, A. J., and Reynolds, F. J. (1988) Statistical ecology- A primer

on methods and computing. John Wiley and Sons, New York,

USA.

Majumdar,V.L., Agnihotri, J.P. and Sharma, M.L. (1988) Mycoflora of

gum guggulu C.wightii affected by die back. Bull. Med. Ethn. Res.

9: 136-138.

Mandal, K, Samanta, J.N., Maiti, S., and Kamboj, R.D. (2011) Myths

and facts of guggal gum tapping. The Indian Forester. 137: 1346-

1347.

Mondal, K.K. and Mani, C. (2009) ERIC-PCR-Generated Genomic

Fingerprints and Their Relationship with Pathogenic Variability of

Xanthomonas campestris pv. punicae, the incitant of Bacterial

Blight of Pomegranate. Curr. Microbiol. 59: 616–620.

Manners, J.G. (1993) Principles of Plant Pathology. 2nd

edn. Cambridge

University Press, UK.

Mantel, N. A. (1967) The detection of disease clustering and a

generalized regression approach. Cancer Research. 27: 209-220.

Manly, B.J. (1992) Multivariate statistical methods. A Primer. Chapmen

and Hall, London, UK.

Massomo, M.S., Nielsen,H., Mabagala, R.B., Mansfeld-Giese, K.,

Hockenhull, J. and Mortensen, C.N. (2003) Identification and

characterisation of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

References

Page | 187

strains from Tanzania by pathogenicity tests, Biolog, rep-PCR and

fatty acid methyl ester analysis. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 109: 775–789

Masten, S.A. (2005) Gum guggul and Some of Its Steroidal Constituents

Review of Toxicological Literature NTP/NIEHS, Research Triangle

Park, North Carolina.

Mesrob, B., Nesbitt, C. Misra, R. and Pandey, R.C. (1998) High-

performance liquid chromatographic method for fingerprinting

and quantitative determination of E- and Z-guggulsterones in

Commiphora mukul resin and its products. J. Chromatogr. B

720(1-2):189-196.

Moriondo, M., Orlandini, S., Guintoli, A. and Bindi, M (2005) The

effect of downy and powdery mildew on Grapevine leaf gas

exchange. J. Phytopathology. 153: 350-357.

Miller, G. L. (1972) Use of dinitrosalicyclic acid reagent for determination

of reducing sugar. Anal. Chem. 31: 426-428.

Moore, S. and Stein, W. H. (1948) Photometric method for use in the

chromatography of amino acids. J. Biol. Chem. 176: 367-388.

Murray, M.T. (1995) The healing power of herbs: The enlightened

person’s guide to the wonders of medicinal plants. Prima

Publishing, CA.

References

Page | 188

Murata,G. R. and Starr, M.P. (1973) A concept of the genus

Xanthomonas and its species in the light of segmental homology of

DNA. Plant pathol. 77: 285-323.

Nayak, D., Bose, L.K., Singh, U.D., Singh, S. and Nayak, P. (2008)

Measurement of genetic diversity of virulence in populations of

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in India. Communications in

Biometry and Crop Science. 3 (1): 16–28.

Nei, M. and Kumar, S. (2000) Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics.

Oxford University Press, New York.

Ngoc, L.B.T., Verniere C., Jaoun, E., Ah-You, N., Lefeuvre, P.,

Chiroleu, F., Gagnivin, L. and Pruvost, O. (2010) AFLP and

MLSA based genotypic relatedness among pathogenic variants of

X. citri pv. citri and X.campestris pv. bilvae. Int. J. Syst. Evol.

Microbiol. 60: 515-525.

Nityananda, S. and Kapoor, N.K. (1971) Hypocholesterolemic effect of

Commiphora mukul resin (Guggal). Indian J. Exp. Biol. 9: 376-

377.

Norman, D.J., Chase, A.R., Stall, R.E. and Jones, J.B. (1999)

Heterogenity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. hederae strains from

araliaceous hosts. Phytopathology. 89: 646-652.

References

Page | 189

O’Brien, T.P., Feder, N. and Mc Cull, M.E. (1964) Polychromatic

Staining of Plant cell walls by toluidine blue–O, Protoplasm. 59:

364-373.

Odipio, J., Tusiime, G., Tripathi, L. and Aritua, V. (2009) Genetic

homogeneity among Ugandan isolates of Xanthomonas campestris

pv. musacearum revealed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA

analysis. African J. Biotechnol. 8 (21): 5652-5660.

Ogunjobi, B.A., Fagade, O.E. and Dixon, A.G.O. (2010) Comparative

analysis of genetic variation among Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.

manihotis isolated from the western states of Nigeria using RAPD

and AFLP. Indian J. Microbiol. 50: 132–138.

Ovod, V., Rudolph, K. and Krohn, K. (1997) Serological classification of

Pseudomonas syringae pathovars based on monoclonal antibodies

towards the lipopolysaccharide O-chains. pp. 526-531 in:

Developments in Plant Pathology, Vol. 9: Pseudomonas syringae

Pathovars and Related Pathogens. K. Rudolph, T. J. Burr, J. W.

Mansfield, D. Stead, A. Vivian, and J. von Kietzell, eds. Kluwer

Academic Publishers, Boston.

Palleroni, N.J., Hildebrand, D.C., Schroth, M.N. and Hendson. M.

(1993) Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness of 21 strains of

Xanthomonas species and pathovars. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 75: 441-

446.

References

Page | 190

Parkinson, N., Aritua, V., Heeney, J., Cowie, C., Bew, J and Stead, D.

(2007) Phylogenetic analysis of Xanthomonas species by

comparison of partial gyrase B gene sequences. Int. J. Syst. Evol.

Microbiol. 57: 2881–2887.

Parkinson, N., Cowie, C., Heeney, J. and Stead, D. (2009) Phylogenetic

structure of Xanthomonas determined by comparison of gyrB

sequences. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 59: 264–274.

Peltonen, S. (1998) Responses of barley and wheat to pathogens,

nonpathogens and wounding as indicated by induced

phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity. Acta Agriculturae

Scandinavica Section b-Soil and Plant Science. 48: 184–191.

Pooler, M.R., Ritchie, D.F. and Hartung, J.S. (1996) Genetic

relationships among strains of Xanthomonas fragariae based on

random polymorphic DNA PCR, repetitive extragenic palindromic

PCR and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR data

and generation of multiplexed PCR primers useful for the

identification of this phytopathogen. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:

3121-3127.

Poplawsky, A.R., Urban, S.C. and Chun, W. (2000) Biological role of

xanthomonadin pigments in Xanthomonas campestris pv.

campestris. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66 (12): 5123-5127.

References

Page | 191

Prajapati, N.D., Purohit, S.S., Sharma, A.K. and Kumar, T. (2003) A

handbook of medicinal plants- A complete source book. Agrobios.

Jodhapur.

Prevost, A. and Wilkinson, M.J. (1999) A new system of comparing PCR

Primers applied to ISSR fingerprinting of potato cultivars. Theor.

Appl. Genet. 98: 107–112.

Pruvost, O., Couteau, A., Perrier, X. and Luisetti, J. (1998) Phenotypic

diversity of Xanthomonas mangiferaeindicae. J. Appl. Microbiol.

84: 115-124.

Rademaker, J.L.W., Hoste, B., Louws, F.J., Kersters, K., Swing, J.,

Vauterin, L., Vauterin, P. and de-Bruijn, F.J. (2000) Comparisn

of AFLP and rep-PCR genomic fingerprinting with DNA-DNA

homology studies: Xanthomonas as a model system. Int. J. Syst.

Bacteriol. 50: 665-677.

Rademaker, J.L.W., Louws, F.J., Schultz, M.H., Rossbach, U., Swing,

J., Vauterin, L. and de-Bruijn, F.J. (2005) A comprehensive

species to strain taxonomic framework for Xanthomonas.

Phytopathology. 95: 1098-1111.

Rakholiya, K. B., Jadeja, G. C., Sriram, S., Patel, P. B. and Dalal K. C.

(2001) Control of the bacterial wilt of guggal after collection of

gum (Abstr.). J. Myco. Plant Pathol. 31: 111.

References

Page | 192

Rajeshwari, R., Jha, G. and Sonti, R.V. (2005) Role of an in planta-

expressed xylanase of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in

promoting virulence on rice. Mol. Plant Microbe. Interact. 18: 830–

837.

Rao, M.R., Palada, M.C. and Becker, B.N. (2004) Medicinal and

Aromatic plants in agroforestry systems. Agroforestry System. 61:

107–122.

Restrepo, S., Velez, C.M. and Verdier, V. (2000) Measuring the genetic

diversity of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.manihotis within different

fields in Colombia. Phytopathology. 90: 683-690.

Rohlf, F. J. (1997) NTSYS-PC: Numerical taxonomy and Multivariate

Analysis System. Exeter Software, New York, USA.

Robert, P.D., Hodge, N.C., Bouzer, H., Jones, J.B., Stall, R.E., Berger,

R.D. and Chase, A.R. (1998) Relatedness of Strains of

Xanthomonas fragariae by Restriction Fragment Length

Polymorphism, DNA-DNA re-association, and Fatty Acid Analyses.

Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64: 3961-3965.

Ryan, R.P., Vorholter, F.J., Potnis, N., Jones, J.F., Sluys, M.V.,

Bogdanove, A.J. and Dow, J.M. (2011) Pathogenomics of

Xanthomonas: understanding bacterium-plant interactions.

Nature Rev. Microbiol. 9: 344-355.

References

Page | 193

Saberi-Riseh, R., Hajieghrar, B., Rouhani and Sharifitehrani, H.

(2004) Effect of inoculam density and substrate type on

saprophytic survival of Phytopthora drechsleri, the causal agent of

gummosis on pistachio in rafsanjan, Iran. Commun. Agric. Applied

Biol. Sci. 69: 653-656.

Sahin, F., Kotan, R., Abbasi, P.A. and Miller, S.A. (2003) Phenotypic

and genotypic characterization of Xanthomonas campestris pv.

zinniae strains. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 109: 165–172,

Saniewski, M., Miyamoto, J.K., Horbowicz, M. and Puchalski, J.

(2006) Hormonal control of gummosis in Rosaceous. J. Fruit

Ornam. Plant Res. 14: 137- 144.

Santiago, R., De- Armas, R., Legaz, M.E. and Vicente, C. (2009)

Changes in phenolic acids content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

and peroxidase activities in sugarcane leaves induced by elicitors

isolated from Xanthomonas albilineans. Aus. Plant Pathol. 38:

357–365.

Satyavati, G.V., Gupta, A.K. and Tandon, N. (1987) Medicinal Plants of

India. Vol 2. ICMR bull. New Delhi, India.

Satyavati, G.V. (1988) Gum guggul (Commiphora mukul) – the success

story of an ancient insight leading to a modern discovery. Indian

J. Medical Res. 87: 327-335

References

Page | 194

Schaad, N.W. (1992) laboratory guide for identification of plant

pathogenic bacteria, 2nd edition, International book distribution

co, Lucknow. pp. 164.

Schaad, N.W., Vidaver, A.K., Lacy, G.H., Rudolph, K. and Jones, J.B.

(2000) Evaluation of proposed amended names of several

Pseudomonads and Xanthomonads recommendations.

Phytopathology. 90: 208-213.

Schiegel, H.G. (1995) General Microbiology. 7th

edn. Cambridge University

Press, UK.

Scholes, R.D and Rolfe, S.A. (1995) How do biotropic pathogens affect

the Photosynthetic metabolism of their host? Asp. Appl. Biol. 42:

91-99.

Sedlárová, D. and Lebeda, A. (2001) Histochemical detection and role of

phenolic compounds in the defense response of Lactuca spp. to

lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae). J. Phytopathol. 149:

693–697.

Setia, R.C. and Shah, J.J. (1977) Effect of growth hormones on the gum-

resin canals in commiphora mukul. Engl. Flora (Jena). 166: 93-96.

Sharma, M.L and Gour, H.N. (1987) A new leaf spots of C. wightii a

medicinal plant, caused by Phoma spp. Current Science. 56: 538-

539.

References

Page | 195

Singh, R.B., Niaz, M.A. and Ghosh, S. (1994) Hypolipidemic and

antioxidant effects of Commiphora mukul as an adjunct to dietary

therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Cardiovasc. Drugs

Ther. 8: 659–664.

Singh, D., Dhar, S and Yadava, D.K. (2011) Genetic and Pathogenic

variability of Indian strains of X. campestris pv. campestris

causing a black rot disease in crucifers. Current Microbiol. DOI

10.1007/s00284-011-0024-0.

Smith, J.S.C., Chin, E.C.L., Shu, H., Smith, O.S., Wall, S.J., Senior,

M.L., Mitchell, S.E., Kresovich, S. and Ziegle, J. (1997) An

evaluation of the utility of SSR loci as molecular markers in Maize

(Zea mays): Comparison of data from RFLPs and pedigree. Theor.

Appl. Genet. 95: 163-173.

Sneath, P.H.A. and Sokal, R.R. (1973) Numerical Taxonomy, Freeman,

Sanfransisco. pp: 573.

Soni, V. (2008) In-situ conservation of Commiphora wightii a red-listed

medicinal plant species of Rajasthan state, India. IUCN

http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/final_project_report_dr__vine

et_soni.pdf).

Starr, M. P. (1981) The genus Xanthomonas. pp. 742-763 in the

prokaryotes. M.P. Starr, H. Stolp, H. G. Truper, A. Balows and H.

G. Schlegel, eds. Springer verlag. Berlin.

References

Page | 196

Sugimori, M.H. and De-Oliveira, A.R. (1994) Serological

characterization of white pathovars of Xanthomonas campestris.

Summa Phytopathologica. 20: 168-170.

Sun, Q.H., Hu, J., Haung, G.X., Ge, C., fang, R.X. and He, C.Z. (2005)

Type-ll secretion pathway structural gene xpsE xylanase and

cellulose secretion and virulence in Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

oryzae. Plant pathol. 54: 15-21.

Tajima, F. (1989) Statistical methods to test for nucleotide mutation

hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics. 123: 585-595.

Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M. and

Kumar, S. (2011) MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics

Analysis (MEGA) software version 5. Mol. Biol. Evol. 28(10): 2731-

2739.

Tamura, K., Nei, M. and Kumar, S. (2004) Prospects for inferring very

large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA). 101:

11030-11035.

Thomasson, M. (1972) Remarques Sur la vegetation des evvirons de

Tulear: III. Modesde semification des vegetaux ligeneux (Studies

on the vegetation around tulear: III, Branching in woody

angiosperm.) Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France, 119:

207-213.

References

Page | 197

Tonin, M.F., Neto, J.R., Harakava, R., Aparicida, S. and Destifano, L.

(2011) Phylogenetic analysis of Xanthomonas based on rpoB gene

sequences and species differentiation by PCR- RFLP. Int. J. Syst.

Bacteriol. Doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.028977-0.

Toth, I.K., Bell, K.S., Holeva, M.C. and Birch, P.R.J. (2003) Soft rot

Erwiniae: from genes to genomes. Mol. Plant Pathol. 4: 17–30.

Toth, L.K., Avrova, A.O. and Hyman, L.J. (2001) Rapid identification

and differentiation of the soft rot Erwinias by 16S–23S intergenic

transcribed spacer-PCR and restriction fragment length

polymorphism analyses. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 4070–4076.

Tripathi, S.N., Sastri, V.V.S. and Satyavati, G.V. (1968) Experimental

and clinical studies of the effect of guggulu (C. Mukul) in

hyperlipidemia and thrombosis. J. Res. Indian Med. 2: 2.

Van den Mooter, M. and Swings, J. (1990) Numerical analysis of 295

phenotypic features of 266 Xanthomonas strains and related

strains and an improved taxonomy of the genus. Int. J. Syst.

Bacteriol. 40: 348-369.

Van den Mooter, M., Maraite, H., Meiresonne, L., Swings, J., Gillis,

M., Kersters, K. and De Ley. J. (1990) Comparison between

Xanthomonas campestris pv. manihotis (ISPP List 1980) and X.

campestris pv. cassava (ISPP List 1980) by means of phenotypic,

protein electrophoretic, DNA hybridization and phytopathological

techniques. J. Gen. Microbiol. 133: 57-71.

References

Page | 198

Van-der-Watt, J.J.A. (1975) The South West African species of

Commiphora. Mitteilungen der Botanischen Staatssammlung,

Muenchen, 12: 195-266

Vauterin, L., Swings, J. and Kersters, K. (1991a) Grouping of

Xanthomonas campestris pathovars by SDS-PAGE of proteins. J.

Gen. Microbiol. 137: 1677-1687.

Vauterin, L., Yang, P., Hoste, B., Vancanneyt, M., Civerolo, E.L.,

Swings, J. and Kersters. (1991b) Differentiation of Xanthomonas

campestris pv. Citri strains by sodium dodecyl sulfate–

polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins, fatty acid analysis,

and DNA-DNA hybridization. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 41: 535-542.

Vauterin, L., Swings, J., Kersters, K., Gillis, M., Mew, T.W.,

Schroth, M.N., Palleroni, N.J., Hildebrand, D.C., Stead, D.E.,

Civerolo, E.L., Hayward, A. C., Maraite, R., Stall, E., Vidaver,

A.K. and Bradbury, J.F. (1990) Towards an improved taxonomy

of Xanthomonas. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 40: 312-316.

Vauterin, L., Vantomme, R., Pot, B., Hoste, B., Swings, J. and

Kersters, K. (1993) Taxonomic analysis of Xunthomonas

campestris pv. begoniae and X campestris pv. pelargonii by means

of phytopathological, phenotypic, protein electrophoretic and DNA

hybridization methods. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 13: 166-176.

References

Page | 199

Vauterin, L., Hoste, B., Kersters. K. and Swing. J (1995)

Reclassification of genus Xanthomonas. Int. J. Sys, bacteriol. 45:

472-489.

Vidyasekharan, P. (1988) Physiology of disease resistance in plants. Vol

II. CRC international. UK.

Veracruz, C.M., Gosselé, F., Kersters, K., Segers, P., Van den Mooter,

M., Swings, J. and DeLey, J. (1996) Differentiation between

Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae, X. campestris pv. oryzicola

and the brown blotch pathogen on rice by numerical analysis of

phenotypic features and protein gel electrophoregrams. J. Gen.

Microbiol. 130: 2983-2999.

Verider, V., Boher, B., Maraite, H. and Geiger, J. (1994) Pathological

and Molecular Characterization of Xanthomonas campestris

Strains Causing Diseases of Cassava (Manihot esculenta). Appl.

Environ. Microbiol. pp. 4478-4486.

Veracruz, C.M., Ardales, E.Y., Skinner, D.Z., Talag, J., Nelson, R.J.,

Louws, F.J., Leung, H., Mew, T.W. and Leach, J.E. (1996)

Measurement of haplotypic variation in Xanthomonas oryzae Pv.

oryzae within a single field by rep-PCR and RFLP analyses.

Phytopathology. 86: 1352-1359.

Vial, A., Latorre, B.A. and Ortúzar, J. (2006) Characterization of

Phytophthora citrophthora and P. inundata associated to foot and

root rot of citrus trees in Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 33: 173-184.

References

Page | 200

Watt, G. (1972) A dictionary of the economic products of India. Cosmo

publication, Delhi. pp. 372.

Waker, J.H. (1883) Vorlaufige mitteilungen uber hyacinthenkrankheiten.

Bot. Zentralbl. 14: 315-317.

Weaver, D.J. (1974) A gummosis disease of pech tree caused by

Botryosphaeria dothidea. Phytopathology. 64: 1429-1432.

Williams, J.G.K., Kuberlik, A.R., Livak, K.J., Rafalski, J.A. and

Tingey, S. V. (1990) DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary

primers as useful as genetic markers. Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 6531-

6535.

Xiao, D. and Singh, S.V. (2008) Guggulsterone-z, a constituent of

Ayurvedic medicinal plant Commiphora mukul, inhibits

angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mol. Cancer Ther. 7: 171–180.

Xie, L.Q. and Zhao, B.G. (2008) Post-inoculation Population Dynamics of

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Associated Bacteria in Pine Wilt

Disease on Pinus thunbergii. Phytopathology. 156: 385–389

Yang, P., Vauterin, L., Vancanneyt, M., Swings, J. and Kersters, K.

(1993) Application of fatty acid methyl esters for the taxonomic

analysis of the genus Xanthomonas. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 16: 47-

71.

Yashitola, J., Krishnaveni, D., Reddy, A.P.K., and Sonti, R.V. (1997)

Genetic diversity within the population of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

oryzae in India. Phytopathology. 87: 760-765.

References

Page | 201

Young, J.M., Dye, W.D., Bradbary, J.F., Panagopoulos, G.C. and

Robbs, C.F. (1978) A proposed nomenclature and classification

for plant pathogenic bacteria. N. Z. J. Agric. Res. 21: 153-177.

Young, J.M. (1991) Pathogenecity and identification of the lilac pathogen,

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall 1902. Ann. Appl.

Biol. 118: 283-298.

Young, J.M., Park, D.C., Shearman, H.M. and Fargier, E. (2008) A

multilocus sequence analysis of genus Xanthomonas. Syst. Appl.

Microbiol. 31: 366-377.

Young, A.J., Marney, T.S., Harrington, M., Hutton, D., Gomej, A.O.,

Villiers, A., Campbel, P.R. and Geering, A.D.W. (2011) Outbreak

of angular leaf spot, caused by X. fragariae, in a queensland

strawbeery germplasm collections. Aus. Plant Pathol. 40: 286-292.

Vial, A., Latorre, B.A and Ortúzar, J. (2006) Characterization of

Phytophthora citrophthora and P. inundata associated to foot and

root rot of citrus trees in Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. 33: 205-216.

Zamani, Z., Bahar, M., Jacques, M.A., Reza Lak, M. and Akhavan, A.

(2011) Genetic diversity of the common bacterial blight pathogen

of bean, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, in Iran revealed by

rep-PCR and PCR–RFLP analyses. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.

27: 2371-2378.