Chapter 7

Shock

Shock (1 of 2)

• Perfusion

• Adequate blood and oxygen are provided to all cells in body

• Circulatory system failure

• Not enough oxygenated blood is being supplied to every part of the body

• Can permanently damage body parts if untreated

Shock (2 of 2)

• Circulatory system has three components:

• Working pump (heart)

• Network of pipes (blood vessels)

• Adequate amount of fluid (blood)

• Circulatory system failure

• Pump (heart) failure

• Fluid loss

• Pipe failure (blood vessels)

Perfusion Triangle

Types of Shock

• Cardiogenic

• Hypovolemic

• Neurogenic

• Septic

• Anaphylactic • Psychogenic

Recognizing Shock

• Altered mental status

• Pale, cold, and clammy skin

• Nausea and vomiting

• Rapid breathing and pulse

• Unresponsive in late stages

Care for Shock

• Treat severe and life-threatening injuries.

• Position victim on his or her back.

• Raise victim’s legs 6 to 12 inches.

• Prevent heat loss.

Anaphylaxis

• Immune system reacts violently to a particular substance

• Severe allergic reactions to:

• Medications

• Foods

• Insect stings

• Plant pollen

Recognizing Anaphylaxis (1 of 2)

• Skin • Flushing, itching, burning• Hives• Swelling• Cyanosis

• Circulatory system • Weak pulse• Dizziness• Fainting

Recognizing Anaphylaxis (2 of 2)

• Respiratory system • Sneezing • Chest tightness• Breathing difficulty • Secretions of fluid • Wheezing• Breathing stops

Care for Anaphylaxis (1 of 2)

• Monitor breathing.

• Administer CPR if needed.

• Call 9-1-1 immediately.

Care for Anaphylaxis (2 of 2)

• If victim has epinephrine auto-injector, help with its use.

• Give antihistamine to prevent further reactions.

• Keep responsive victim sitting up.

Psychogenic Shock

• Once victim is lying down, responsiveness usually returns.

• If victim fell or has trouble walking:

• Check for head and spine injury.

• Call 9-1-1 immediately.