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Chapter 8
Kingdom Protista
Protist – a single or many celled organism that lies in moist or wet surroundings
Eukaryotic Plant like Animal like Fungus like Some contain chlorophyll Some do not have
chlorophyll
Evolution of Protists
Evolved from bacteria b/c they are more advanced than bacteria
Cyanobacteria evolved into plantlike protists Protists are the ancestors of fungus, plants and
animals
Plantlike Protists
Also known as algae Autotrophs Desmid Spirogyra,
Pediastrum, a flat colony of green algae
green algae is Volvox. a spherical colony. All the small cells of the
colony possess two flagella and a small eyespot.
colony is able to swim towards the light.
Fucus - algae
Brown seaweed
algae
Red seaweed
Ulva – sea lettuce
Euglena
Single celled Characteristics of both
plants and animals Plant – chlorophyll Animal – locomotion - flagella - no sun
becomes heterotroph Eyespot – senses light
Diatoms
-unicellular-shell made of silica or glass w/ two parts that fit together snuggly-golden brown pigment that masks chlorophyll-when die sink to bottom of ocean
Used in toothpaste and road lines
Dinoflagellates
- Armor made of cellulose- Spinning flagellates
- One flagella moves the cell- One flagella circle the cell to
spin it
- Unicellular- Store food in form of starch
and oils- Live in salt water- Food for saltwater
organisms- Red tide – over population of
dino. produce toxins in water and kill organisms
Animal like protists - protozoa
One-celled Habitat: water, soil living
and dead organisms
Amoeba Pseudopods – “false
feet”– Used for locomotion
Cytoplasmic streaming
– Used for feeding– Pseudopod forms
around the food. This forms a vacuole.
Amoeba with food vacuoles
flagellates
Protozoa that use flagellum
Ex. Trypanosoma –– Responsible for African
Sleeping Sickness
ciliates
Ciliates – Paramecium
Slipper shaped Cilia – short hairs from cell
membrane - used in locomotion - food getting Pellicle – outer skin Macronucleus – controls
everyday activities Micronucleus – used in
reproduction
Oral groove – cilia sweep bacteria into this mouth
Food vacuole forms Anal pore – waste vacuole
removed Contractile vacuole – controls
water in cell Trichocysts – anchor animal - capture food
Paramecium
Sexual reproduction of parameciumconjugation
Overcrowding or environmental stress
2 paramecium line up side to side and exchange genetic material
Micronucleus is exchanged
Go on to binary fission
Fungus like protists
Live in moist soil and on decaying plants and trees
Very colorful Move by forming
pseudopods Feed on bacteria and
other microorganisms Reproduce by spores
Pretzel slime mold
Yellow slime mold
Dog vomit slime mold
Slime mold on grass
Water Molds
Fuzzy white growths on decaying matter
Grow as a mass of threads over a plant or animal and digest it
Reproductive cells with flagella
Have cell walls
Water mold