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5/21/2018 Chapter 8 -- Organizing the Body of the Speech
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Stephen E. Lucas
C H A P T E R
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
8
Organizing the Body
of the Speech
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Slide 2
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Strategic Organization
Putting a speech together in aparticular way to achieve a
particular result with a particular
audience.
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Slide 3
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Main Points
The major points developed in thebody of a speech.
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Slide 4
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Tips for Preparing
Main Points
Keep main points separate
Try to use the same patternof wording for main points
Balance the amount of time
devoted to main points
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Slide 5
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Chronological Order
A method of speech organization inwhich the main points follow a time
pattern.
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Slide 6
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Chronological Order
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience how theGreat Wall of China was built.
Main Points: I. Building of the Great Wall beganduring the Qin dynasty of
221-206 B.C.
II. New sections of the Great Wallwere added during the Handynasty of 206 B.C.-220 A.D.
III. The Great Wall was completedduring the Ming Dynasty of1368-1644.
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Slide 7
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Spatial Order
A method of speech organization inwhich the main points follow a
directional pattern.
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Slide 8
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Spatial Order
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about thestructure of a hurricane.
Main Points: I. At the center of a hurricane is thecalm, cloud-free eye.
II. Surrounding the eye is theeyewall, a dense ring of cloudsthat produces the most intensewind and rainfall.
III. Rotating around the eyewall arelarge bands of clouds andprecipitation called spiral rainbands.
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Slide 9
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Causal Order
A method of speech organization inwhich the main points show a cause-
effect relationship.
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Slide 10
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Causal Order
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the
possible causes for the collapse
of Mayan civilization.
Main Points: I. Mayan civilization flourished forover a thousand years until 900
A.D., when it mysteriously began
to disintegrate. (EFFECT)
II. Scholars have advanced threemajor explanations for the causes
of this disintegration. (CAUSE)
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Slide 11
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Problem-Solution Order
A method of speech organization in
which the first main point deals withthe existence and seriousness of a
problem and the second main point
presents a solution to the problem.
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Slide 12
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Problem-Solution Order
Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience thatlegislation is needed to controlthe abuses of fraudulent charityfund-raisers.
Main Points: I. Fraudulent charity fund-raisinghas become a widespreadnational problem.
II. The problem can be solved by acombination of governmentinitiative and individualawareness.
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Slide 13
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Topical Order
A method of speech organization inwhich the main points divide the topicinto logical and consistent subtopics.
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Slide 14
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Topical Order
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience aboutthe achievements of IdaWells-Barnett.
Main Points: I. As a teacher, Wells-Barnett spokeout against inferior schoolfacilities for African-Americanchildren.
II. As a journalist, Wells-Barnettcampaigned against lynching.
III. As a civic organizer, Wells-Barnett helped found the NAACP.
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Slide 15
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Tips for Preparing
Main Points
Keep main points separate
Use the same pattern of wording formain points
Balance the time devoted to main
points
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Slide 16
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Supporting Materials
The materials used to support aspeakers ideas.
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Slide 17
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Connective
A word or phrase that connects theideas of a speech and indicates the
relationship between them.
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Slide 18
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Types of Connectives
Transition
Internal preview
Internal summary
Signpost
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Slide 19
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Transition
A word or phrase that indicates whena speaker has finished one thought
and is moving on to another.
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Slide 20
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Transitions
Now that we have seenhow drinkingtoo much is a serious problem for
students and their communities,let us look atsome causes.
So much forthe present; what aboutthe future?
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Slide 21
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Internal Preview
A statement in the body of the speechthat lets the audience know what the
speaker is going to discuss next.
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McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Internal Preview
In discussing how Asian Americans
have been stereotyped in the massmedia, well look first at the origins of
the problem and second at its
continuing impact today.
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Slide 23
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Transition Combined with anInternal Preview
(Transition):Now that we have seen howserious the problem of faulty credit reportsis, lets look at some solutions.
(Internal Preview): I will focus on threesolutionsinstituting tighter governmentregulation of credit bureaus, holding creditbureaus financially responsible for theirerrors, and giving individuals easieraccess to their credit reports.
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Slide 24
McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Internal Summary
A statement in the body of the speechthat summarizes the speakers
preceding point or points.
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Internal SummaryIn short, palm reading is an ancient
art. Developed in China more than
5,000 years ago, it was practiced in
classical Greece and Rome, flourished
during the Middle Ages, survived the
Industrial Revolution, and remainspopular today.
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Signpost
A very brief statement that indicateswhere a speaker is in the speech or
that focuses attention on key ideas.
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McGraw-Hil l 2007 Stephen E. Luc as. All righ ts reserved.
Signposts
The first causeof this problem is inefficient
agricultural production.
The second causeis recurrent drought in the
affected countries.
The final causeis mismanagement of
available food resources by local leaders.
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