Chapter 8 Photosynthesi

s

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

Energy and lifeEnergy and life Pg 201-203Pg 201-203

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis Pg 204-207Pg 204-207

Reactions of PhotosynthesisReactions of Photosynthesis Pg 208-214Pg 208-214

Energy and LifeEnergy and Life

Vocabulary:Vocabulary: AutotrophAutotroph organisms that make their own food organisms that make their own food

from light energy (sun).from light energy (sun). HeterotrophHeterotroph organisms that obtain energy from organisms that obtain energy from

food they consume; they do not make their own food they consume; they do not make their own food. These are the consumers.food. These are the consumers.

ATPATP adenosine triphosphate. adenosine triphosphate. Composed of adenine, ribose sugar and 3 phosphate Composed of adenine, ribose sugar and 3 phosphate

groupsgroups

Energy and life cont.

ATP/ADP energy for living organisms Found in every cell to do

work ATP is like a fully charged

battery/ADP partially charged

Chemical reaction in the cell that changes/converts ADP to ATP so energy is available.

ADP is recycled and reused to make ATP like recharg. bat.

How is ATP regenerated? 1 glucose = 90xs chem. energy

Energy and Life cont.

Cells use energy (ATP) in many ways Transporting ions across cell membrane Muscle contraction

Ca+ is stored in muscle is released with ATP Sodium Na+ (out) potassium K+ (in) pumps in muscle cells Lack of Ca+=cramp Salt in sweat=loss of Na+ Why runners drink Gatorade and eat power bars or gu and

carb. load Metabolism-breakdown of glucose Molecules entering a cell

Photosynthesis

Vocabulary: Photosynthesis light energy + CO2 +H2O

converted to O2 and carbohydrates and glucose Pigment light absorbing molecules that capture

the sun’s rays (photons/e-); two types of pigment Chlorophyll chlorophyll a and b

a is grassy green pigment, more abundant in plants a and b reflect and transmit green light = plants looking

green b is accessory bluish-green pigment; ½ amount of a

Chloroplast and company

Vocabulary Chloroplast organelle in plant cells that houses

and specializes in photosynthesis Thylakoid house chlorophylls (pigments found

in plants) Stroma space between chloroplast structure

and thylakiods NADP+ carrier molecule that takes e- from

chlorophylls to the Calvin Cycle; 2 e- + 1 H+ = NADPH **helps build glucose in cell**

What kind of light is absorbed? Pigments absorb blue

and red wavelengths on the spectrometer

Plants are green because they reflect green light

This initial light absorption transfers light energy to electrons sending them to the e-transport chain. Photosystem II

Reactions of Photosynthesis cont. Vocabulary cont.

Light-dependent reactions produce O2 gas, convert ADP and NADP+ into ATP and NADH

ATP synthase protein responsible for converting ADP + 1 H+ and phosphate group to make ATP

Light-independent reaction Calvin Cycle; uses ATP and NADH from light-dependent reactions to produce high-energy sugars.

Calvin Cycle

Carbon fixation Glucose formed Watch and learn!

http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/Bio231/calvin.htm

Next…

Homework: Pg 217 problems 1-23