Chapter 8 Shadow Flicker - · PDF fileShadow Flicker 8-1 8 SHADOW FLICKER 8.1 INTRODUCTION ......

QS-000169-02-R460-003 – Assessment Report of Phase 1 and Phase 2

Shadow Flicker 8-1

8 SHADOW FLICKER 8.1 INTRODUCTION A shadow flicker assessment has been undertaken for the Phase 1 and Phase 2 only part of the development for Oweninny. The assessment also takes account of the planning refusal for the Cluddaun wind farm located to the north of the Oweninny site and turbines associated with that development have been excluded from the cumulative assessment process. The Corvoderry wind farm, which is located within the Oweninny site, is included in the shadow flicker cumulative assessment.

Wind turbines, as with trees or any other tall structure, can cast long shadows when the sun is shining and is low in the sky. A phenomenon, known as shadow flicker, which could be considered a nuisance even though the effect would be very short-lived, could occur under certain conditions. This is where the blades of a wind turbine cast a shadow over a window in a nearby house. The rotation of the blades might cause a shadow to be cast about once per second or two in the room whose window is affected.

The shadow flicker effect lasts for just a short period and depends for its occurrence on the following factors:

• The sun not being obscured and being at a low angle in the sky. • The turbine(s) being directly between the sun and the affected property. • There being enough wind for the turbine(s) to be in operation.

All three of the above factors must coincide for shadow flicker to occur. It is part of the nature of long shadows that they pass any particular point relatively quickly and, due to the movement of the sun across the sky, the effect, if present, lasts for only a short period of time. It is generally only observed in the period after dawn and before sunset as the sun is rising and setting. Potential occurrence of shadow flicker requires that the disc outlined by the rotating turbine blades be located in the path between the sun and a possible receptor. Each latitude on the globe has its own shadow signature. In the northern hemisphere the sun stays in the southern part of the sky and there is no potential shadow flicker occurrence at receptors located due south of a wind turbine because the arc of the sun’s movement is such that sunshine from the north does not occur.

Concerns about shadow flicker have largely arisen in continental countries where wind turbines are located much closer to dwellings than is the practice in Ireland and where in summer months there is a high frequency of sunshine at dawn and before sunset.

8.2 RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT The Department of Environment, Heritage and local Government (DoEHLG) Wind Farm Planning Guidelines (Section 5.12) note as follows:

“At distances greater than 10 rotor diameters from a turbine, the potential for shadow flicker is very low”.


Shadow Flicker 8-2

In order to ensure consistency, however, the same properties assessed as part of the EIS were assessed again, despite the fact that many are a far greater distance than ten rotor diameters from any turbine. The locations of all receptors included in the assessment are presented in Figure 8-1 and 8.2. It should be noted that the same house numbers used for the noise calculations were used for the shadow flicker calculations for ease of reference.

8.3 IMPACT OF THE DEVELOPMENT Shadow flicker analysis was carried out for all 46 properties shown in Figures 8.1 & 8.2 using the computer software WindPRO (version 3.0). The software calculates times throughout the year when the disc outlined by a rotating turbine blade viewed from the window of a house is in line with the sun and, therefore, when a potential for shadow flicker occurrence exists. A zone of visual influence calculation, using a digital terrain model, is performed before the flicker calculation to ensure that all visible wind turbines contribute to calculated flicker values.

Shadow flicker calculations were conducted based on a notional window measuring 2 m wide x 1 m high and facing directly, in turn (“Greenhouse” effect), toward any turbine within a distance of ten rotor diameters. The bottom line height of each window was assumed to be 4 m above ground level (approximately equivalent to an upstairs window in a two-storey house). This parameter adds an additional level of conservatism since many of the houses are, in fact, only single storey houses and upstairs windows are more likely to be exposed to a view of the turbines and less likely to be screened by vegetation.

Further to the above the following was assumed in the analysis:

• All residences have windows that are not obscured by curtains or blinds. • There is no intervening vegetation or objects between turbines and receptors.

8.3.1 Predicted Impact The extent of shadow casting is determined principally by (a) the turbine’s hub height and (b) the size of the turbine’s rotor blade diameter. Two cases have been considered, both of which have a maximum tip height of 176 m, as follows:

a) The largest hub height proposed (i.e. 120 m), which would have a maximum rotor diameter of 112 m (and a maximum tip height of 176 m).

b) The largest size of rotor blade diameter proposed (i.e. 120 m), which would have a maximum hub height of 116 m (and a maximum tip height of 176 m).

The shadow flicker assessment results based on a rotor diameter of 112 m (and hub height of 120 m) are presented for all properties potentially affected by shadow flicker in Table 8.1. The shadow flicker assessment results based on a rotor diameter of 120 m (and hub height of 116 m) are presented for all properties potentially affected by shadow flicker in

Table 8.2. Copies of the results sheets from WindPRO showing the results for all 46 properties, for each turbine option, are included in Appendices 8A and 8B.


Shadow Flicker 8-3

It should be noted that for a rotor diameter of 112 m, the majority of the 46 properties assessed are outside the ten rotor diameter distance limit (1,120 m) recommended in the Wind Farm Planning Guidelines and, therefore, would not be expected to be impacted by shadow flicker. Figure 8.1 shows the extent of the 1,120 m distance limit for this turbine option by way of a buffer line. Similarly for the rotor diameter of 120 m, the majority of the 46 properties assessed are outside the ten rotor diameter distance limit (1,200 m) and therefore, would not be expected to be impacted by shadow flicker. Figure 8.2 shows the extent of the 1,200 m distance limit for this turbine option by way of a buffer line.

The results presented in Tables 8.1 and 8.2 show the Worst Case Shadow Hours per Year, the Worst Case Shadow Hours per Day and the Expected Shadow Hours per Year. The worst case results per year are a theoretical maximum that will never actually occur since the sun will not be shining all year round from dawn to dusk, the wind will not always be blowing and the windows in the properties do not directly face each and every turbine. The expected results are a far more accurate representation of what will actually occur at the Oweninny site since it takes account of historical sunshine data and wind speed and directional data recorded on the site.

In Tables 8.1 and 8.2, the Expected Shadow Flicker Hours per Year have been automatically calculated by applying three factors to the theoretical, worst case, values, namely the rotor plane factor, the sunshine hours factor and the local wind regime factor.

• Rotor Plane: It would be highly unusual for the wind and, by extension, the plane of the turbine rotor, to track the sun (i.e. to remain continually facing the sun), thereby creating the conditions for a potentially greater level of shadow flicker. It is far more likely that, for the vast majority of the time, the plane of the rotor will not be facing the sun and so there will be a significant decrease in the potential for shadow flicker during these periods. In addition, there will be occasions when the rotor plane is parallel to the sun direction and no flicker will occur. The likely orientation of the rotor for each turbine has been factored into the shadow flicker calculations using wind measurements taken on site. (An alternative assumption of a random rotor position leads to a reduction of approximately 63% of the theoretical results.)

• Sunshine Hours: The sun will not be shining during all daylight hours. The long-term mean value is typically less than 30% of daylight hours, but evidently this varies from month to month. Records from the nearest meteorological station, for which such records are available (Belmullet), indicate average daily sunshine hours ranging from 0.89 hours in December to 5:79 hours in May.

• Local Wind Regime: Long-term wind speed records from a meteorological mast within the site boundary were applied to take account of the wind regime on the site, including factors such as the prevailing wind direction and periods when wind speed is below the turbine cut-in wind speed.

Further to the above, turbines will be unavailable for operation at certain times due, for instance, to routine and emergency maintenance, substation outages, etc. These factors also reduce potential shadow occurrence, but they are not reflected in the results.


Shadow Flicker 8-4

WindPRO does not calculate the Expected Shadow Flicker Hours per Day because, while you can reduce the annual sunshine hours based on average data collected at meteorological stations, you could, in theory, get the majority of these sunshine hours on the same days which have the worst potential for shadow flicker impacts on a particular property. Hence, Table 8.1 and 8.2 only show the Worst Case results and not the Expected results for the shadow hours per day. It should be noted, however, that the Worst Case Shadow Hours per Day presented in Table 8.1 and 8.2 could only occur on a very small number of days each year (see ‘Assessment’ Section below for details).

Table 8.1: Potential Shadow Flicker Occurrence for turbines with Rotor Diameters

of 112 m and Hub Heights of 120 m

House Worst Case Shadow

Hours per year

Worst Case Shadow

Hours per Day

Expected Shadow

Hours per year

H03 8:45 0:19 1:25

H07 10:21 0:24 2:12

H08 09:57 0:23 2:04

H09 12:39 0:26 2:36

H16 22:47 0:27 4:02

H18 36:35 0:26 7:05

H19 37:12 0:52 5:29

H20 10:45 0:26 1:49

Table 8.2: Potential Shadow Flicker Occurrence for Turbines with Rotor Diameters

of 120 m and Hub Heights of 116 m

House Worst Case Shadow

Hours per year

Worst Case Shadow

Hours per Day

Expected Shadow

Hours per year

H01 15:22 0:25 2:29

H02 14:12 0:24 2:17

H03 10:12 0:20 1:37

H06 18:55 0:24 3:20

H07 11:55 0:27 2:27

H08 11:27 0:26 2:18

H09 14:24 0:28 2:52

H16 26:16 0:29 4:33

H17 25:48 0:26 4:55

H18 40:48 0:27 7:41

H19 43:01 0:54 6:05

H20 35:06 0:28 4:14


Shadow Flicker 8-5

8.3.2 Assessment The DoEHLG Wind Farm Planning Guidelines (Section 5.12) recommend that

“shadow flicker at neighbouring offices and dwellings within 500 m should not exceed 30 hours per year or 30 minutes per day “.

At Oweninny, there are no shadow sensitive locations (SSLs) within 500 m of any of the proposed turbines. The closest house (H20) is approximately 1,008 m from the nearest turbine (T45).

Option A: 112 m rotor diameters (56m blades) and hub heights of 120 m

For a rotor diameter of 112 m the results in Table 8.1 indicate that eight properties have the potential to be affected by shadow flicker, in accordance with the Wind Farm Planning Guidelines. However, the expected shadow flicker hours per year for all potentially affected houses, within ten rotor diameters of any turbine, are significantly below the recommended guideline limit of 30 hours annually.

The results in Table 8.1 show that the Worst Case Shadow Flicker Hours per Day exceed the recommended daily limit of 30 minutes at a single property (H19), although it must be noted that this limit of 30 minutes actually applies to properties within 500 m of a turbine; H19 is 1,044 m away from the closest turbine (T45). Detailed results for H19 for this turbine option are presented in Appendix 8E which show that the theoretical maximum of 52 minutes shadow flicker per day would only be possible on a single day of the year. In all, the limit of 30 minutes could potentially be exceeded on 33 days in any given year, although these days are all between 27th January - 11th February and 30th October – 15th November, times of the year at which the sun is statistically less likely to be shining.

Option B: 120 m rotor diameters (60m blades) and hub heights of 116 m

For a rotor diameter of 120 m the results in Table 8.2 indicate that 12 properties have the potential to be affected by shadow flicker, in accordance with the Wind Farm Planning Guidelines. However, the expected shadow flicker hours per year for all potentially affected houses, within ten rotor diameters of any turbine, are again significantly below the recommended guideline limit of 30 hours annually.

The results in Table 8.2 show that the Worst Case Shadow Flicker Hours per Day exceed the recommended daily limit of 30 minutes at a single property (H19), although, again, it must be noted that this limit of 30 minutes actually applies to properties within 500 m of a turbine. As stated, H19 is 1,044 m away from the closest turbine (T45). Detailed results for H19 for this turbine option are presented in Appendix 8F which show that the theoretical maximum of 54 minutes shadow flicker per day would only be possible on seven days of the year. In all, the limit of 30 minutes could potentially be exceeded on 36 days in any given year, although these days are all between 26th January - 12th February and 30th October – 16th November, times of the year at which the sun is statistically less likely to be shining.

The following factors, of which no account has been taken in the analysis, also arise:

• The rooms whose windows are potentially affected may not be in use at all times that shadow flicker could occur.


Shadow Flicker 8-6

• Occupants in rooms that are potentially affected may not be awake at all times that shadow flicker could occur.

• The impact of internal light levels and the presence of blinds or curtains on the potentially affected windows may have a mitigating effect.

• The presence of natural features such as trees and hedges, which would reduce or eliminate shadow flicker occurrence, has not been taken into account.

Shadow flicker analysis is based on the potential for even faint, partial shadows to be cast by the blades of a turbine. However, because of the distance of all houses from the turbines, at most only some of the sun’s light can ever be blocked out by the blades. A sharp shadow will never be cast on a residence by a blade.

The combined effect of many factors pertaining to the geometry of shadows and the dimensions and geometry of wind turbine blades is to greatly reduce the effect and impact of shadow flicker. It will actually be imperceptible for a significant amount of the time that blades are passing between the clear sun and a window of a residence.

The flickering frequency of any shadow occurring depends on the rate of rotation and the number of blades. It has been recommended that the critical flickering frequency should not be above 2.5 Hz, so as to avoid any possible potential to impact upon sufferers of a condition known as photosensitive epilepsy. (The UK National Society for Epilepsy identifies this threshold criterion as being 3 Hz). For a three-bladed wind turbine this is equivalent to a rotational speed of 50 revolutions per minute (rpm). The turbines are likely to operate at a maximum of circa 19 rpm. Therefore, the health impact of flicker frequency is not considered further in this assessment.

8.4 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS Owing to the nature of shadow flicker occurrence, only additional wind farm projects have been included in the cumulative impact assessment. There are plans to construct a wind farm at Corvoderry, in close proximity to the proposed Oweninny Phase 1 and Phase 2 development and also a single win turbine at Dooleeg. Therefore, an assessment of the potential cumulative shadow flicker impacts from both wind farms was undertaken.

The following wind farms are located within the study area and have been included in the cumulative impact assessment:

• Dooleeg Wind Farm (1 permitted turbine) - adjacent to south-western site boundary, separated by the N59.

• Corvoderry Wind Farm (10 turbines) - located to the south-east of the proposed Phase 2 Oweninny turbines.

It should be noted that the proposed Tawnanasool Wind Farm (8 Turbines) is located over 10 km from the closest shadow receptor and was not included in the cumulative analysis.

Given the large distances between the Corvoderry turbines and all shadow receptors, these turbines do not contribute in any way to a cumulative impact.


Shadow Flicker 8-7

The inclusion of the Dooleeg turbine in the shadow flicker analysis shows a potential impact on a number of shadow receptors within the cluster of houses numbered H21 to H33. It should be noted however that there is no potential for shadow flicker impacts at these houses resulting from the Oweninny turbines since the sun’s path takes it south of these houses with no intervening Oweninny wind turbines. Therefore, any shadow flicker experienced by these houses will be exclusively as a result of the single Dooleeg turbine.

It can therefore be concluded that cumulative impacts with respect to shadow flicker will not be an issue at this site.

Potential future development of Oweninny Phase 3

Should Phase 3 of Oweninny be developed in accordance with the layout indicated in the original EIS then there would be a cumulative increase in the potential for shadow flicker to occur during the operational phase of all three phases working simultaneously.

The predicted shadow flicker impact for all three phases of the Oweninny development operating together would be as described in the original EIS Chapter 8, submitted to An Bord Pleanála in 2013. The cumulative impacts would not lead to shadow flicker predicted impact levels in excess of the existing Department of the Environment Guidelines of 2006.

8.5 MITIGATION The principal means of reducing the potential for shadow flicker is by turbine siting and maintaining a suitable turbine exclusion zone around sensitive receptors. In the case of Oweninny the nearest dwelling to a wind turbine is located at a distance of 1,008 meters, limiting the potential for any shadow flicker to occur.

It is evident that, without operational constraints, the expected occurrence of shadow flicker at Oweninny will be low and will be well below the accepted limits of tolerance. However, out of an abundance of caution, a shadow detection and control system will be installed on turbines within ten rotor diameters of all existing dwellings, which have the potential to be impacted by shadow flicker, in order to prevent shadow flicker exceeding guidance levels at any property.

The technology is based on software that computes four risk factors, namely

• Angle and position of the sun relative to the property. • Distance of the wind turbine to any potentially affected properties. • Size of the turbine rotor. • Height of the turbine hub from the ground.

Light levels are assessed using two light sensors placed on the east and west-facing aspects of a wind turbine's support tower. A shadow control unit, which is integrated into the turbine control system, measures the difference in intensity between the two sensor readings and calculates how pronounced a shadow is at any given moment. Once the risk of shadow flicker has been calculated, the control unit determines whether the turbine should be temporarily shut down. Shadow control units are uniquely configured for each turbine and are programmed with the locations of neighbouring properties and timetables indicating when shadow flicker may potentially occur.


Shadow Flicker 8-8

In addition to the installation of a shadow detection and control system, the following additional mitigation measures will be put in place in light of recommendations made by the Health Service Executive (HSE) in response to the planning application:

• The applicant will contact the owner of property H19 (as shown in Figures 8.1 & 8.2) with a view to establishing the use of the rooms which have the potential to be impacted by shadow flicker. In any event, as stated above, a shadow detection and control system will be installed on the turbines which have the potential to cause shadow flicker at this property to ensure that shadow flicker guideline levels are not exceeded.

• It is proposed to implement the following procedure for recording, reporting and handling any complaints relating to shadow flicker during the operation of the Oweninny Wind Farm. o The developer, Oweninny Power Limited (OPL), will implement a

procedure for the recording, investigating and reporting of public complaints for which the wind farm site operations manager will be responsible. This procedure will be subject to review by the OPL management. It will be a requirement that all complaints are investigated on receipt of complaint and that such complaints are immediately notified to the OPL management.

o In the case of a shadow flicker complaint, an appropriately qualified person will investigate the potential for shadow flicker to have occurred by way of computer modelling and an analysis of meteorological data recorded by Met Eireann.

o As set out above, a shadow detection and control system will be installed on all turbines within ten rotor diameters of any existing dwelling which has the potential to experience shadow flicker and will be implemented as required during the operational phase. If it is determined that the annual guidance limits could have been reached at a residence at any point during the lifetime of the wind farm, the developer will take immediate steps to shut down relevant turbines at further times when shadow flicker could potentially occur in the relevant 12 month period.

8.6 CONCLUSIONS The Expected Shadow Flicker Hours per Year, which are the most accurate representation of what will actually occur on site, show that the annual limit of 30 hours, as recommended by the Wind Farm Planning Guidelines, is not exceeded at any of the properties.

The Worst Case Shadow Flicker Hours per Day, which are a theoretical maximum and not an accurate representation of what will occur at each property, exceed the daily limit of 30 minutes, recommended by the Wind farm Planning Guidelines, at a single property, H19, for both turbine options (112 m and 120 m rotor diameters). However, it must be noted that the 30 minute limit actually applies to properties within 500 m of the wind farm development. H19 is 1,044 m from the closest turbine, which greatly exceeds the 500 m


Shadow Flicker 8-9

limit but which is still within the ten rotor diameter limit of influence, also referred to in the Wind Farm Planning Guidelines. The detailed results in Appendices 8E and 8F show that daily shadow flicker at H19 could theoretically exceed 30 minutes on 33 days of the year for the 112 m rotor diameter turbine option and 36 days of the year for the 120 m rotor diameter option, although these are at times of the year when the sun is statistically far less likely to be shining. Thus, given the large distances between H19 and all turbines and the fact that the daily limit value of 30 minutes could only be exceeded on days of the year when the sun is statistically less likely to be shining, it is expected that the shadow flicker impacts experienced at this property will be minimal. (This is also excluding the fact that the windows of the residence do not face all of the proposed turbines, as assumed in the calculations, and that there may be intervening vegetation between the turbines and the property.)

Cumulative shadow flicker impact arising from Corvoderry will not occur. The shadow flicker from the Dooleeg turbine will potentially impact on a cluster of houses H21 to H33 but no cumulative impact on these locations from Oweninny Phase 1 and Phase 2 is possible.

.Overall, it is considered that significant impacts from shadow flicker will not arise as a result of the wind farm development at Oweninny. However, out of an abundance of caution, a shadow detection and control system will be installed on turbines within ten rotor diameters of all existing dwellings, which have the potential to be impacted by shadow flicker, in order to prevent shadow flicker exceeding guidance levels at any property.

windPRO 3.0.629 by EMD International A/S, Tel. +45 96 35 44 44, www.emd.dk, [email protected] windPRO03/09/2015 15:19 / 1

Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm

Hibernian Wind Power / Bord na Mona

Licensed user:

ESBI Engineering & Facility Management LTD

Stephen Court 18/21, Stephen's Green

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David Murphy / [email protected]:

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SHADOW - Main Result

Calculation: Oweninny Shadow Calc_Phases 1 & 2_61 x Vestas V112_120m Hubs_3rd Sept 2015

Assumptions for shadow calculations

Maximum distance for influence 1,120 m

Minimum sun height over horizon for influence 3 °

Day step for calculation 1 days

Time step for calculation 1 minutes

Sunshine probability S (Average daily sunshine hours) [BELMULLET]

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

1.36 2.16 2.65 4.82 5.79 4.41 4.42 4.07 3.73 2.48 1.71 0.89

Operational hours are calculated from WTGs in calculation and wind

distribution:

Mast 0001 - Position Confirmed - Calibrated

Operational time

N NNE ENE E ESE SSE S SSW WSW W WNW NNW Sum

307 262 359 399 1,242 1,158 692 906 1,257 926 622 479 8,610

Idle start wind speed: Cut in wind speed from power curve

A ZVI (Zones of Visual Influence) calculation is performed before flicker

calculation so non visible WTG do not contribute to calculated flicker

values. A WTG will be visible if it is visible from any part of the receiver

window. The ZVI calculation is based on the following assumptions:

Height contours used: Height Contours: Oweninny Contours.wpo (0)

Obstacles used in calculation

Eye height: 1.5 m

Grid resolution: 10.0 m

All coordinates are in

ITMScale 1:150,000

New WTG Shadow receptor

WTGs

WTG type

X(East) Y(North) Z Row data/Description Valid Manufact. Type-generator Power, Rotor Hub RPM

rated diameter height

[m] [kW] [m] [m] [RPM]

T01 500,679 825,900 95.1 VESTAS V112 3000 112.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TO... No VESTAS V112-3,000 3,000 112.0 120.0 12.8
































To be continued on next page...


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...continued from previous page

WTG type



[m] [kW] [m] [m] [RPM]






























Shadow receptor-Input

No. X(East) Y(North) Z Width Height Height Degrees from Slope of Direction mode

a.g.l. south cw window

[m] [m] [m] [m] [°] [°]

H01 493,732 822,360 114.5 2.0 1.0 4.0 0.0 90.0 "Green house mode"






























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[m] [m] [m] [m] [°] [°]



















Calculation Results

Shadow receptor

Shadow, worst case Shadow, expected values

No. Shadow hours Shadow days Max shadow Shadow hours

per year per year hours per day per year

[h/year] [days/year] [h/day] [h/year]

H01 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H02 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H03 8:45 37 0:19 1:25

H04 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H05 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H06 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H07 10:21 32 0:24 2:12

H08 9:57 32 0:23 2:04

H09 12:39 37 0:26 2:36

H10 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H11 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H12 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H13 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H14 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H15 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H16 22:47 59 0:27 4:02

H17 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H18 36:35 114 0:26 7:05

H19 37:12 76 0:52 5:29

H20 10:45 33 0:26 1:49

H21 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H22 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H23 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H24 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H25 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H26 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H27 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H28 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H29 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H30 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H31 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H32 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H33 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H34 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H35 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H36 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H37 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H38 0:00 0 0:00 0:00



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H39 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H40 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H41 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H42 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H43 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H44 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H45 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H46 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

Total amount of flickering on the shadow receptors caused by each WTG

No. Name Worst case Expected

[h/year] [h/year]

T01 VESTAS V112 3000 112.0 !O! hub: 120.0 m (TOT: 176.0 m) (1453) 0:00 0:00




















































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[h/year] [h/year]













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Calculation: Oweninny Shadow Calc_Phases 1 & 2_61 x Siemens SWT3.6_116m Hubs_3rd Sept 2015








1.36 2.16 2.65 4.82 5.79 4.41 4.42 4.07 3.73 2.48 1.71 0.89


distribution:


Operational time


297 254 347 386 1,202 1,120 669 877 1,216 896 601 463 8,328








Eye height: 1.5 m



ITMScale 1:150,000

New WTG Shadow receptor

WTGs

WTG type



[m] [kW] [m] [m] [RPM]

T01 500,679 825,900 95.1 Siemens SWT-3.6-120 3600 120.0 !O! hub: ... Yes Siemens SWT-3.6-120-3,600 3,600 120.0 116.0 14.0


































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Oweninny Wind Farm


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WTG type



[m] [kW] [m] [m] [RPM]

































[m] [m] [m] [m] [°] [°]































Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


03/09/2015 15:03/3.0.629






[m] [m] [m] [m] [°] [°]



















Calculation Results

Shadow receptor





H01 15:22 53 0:25 2:29

H02 14:12 50 0:24 2:17

H03 10:12 42 0:20 1:37

H04 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H05 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H06 18:55 63 0:24 3:20

H07 11:55 34 0:27 2:27

H08 11:27 35 0:26 2:18

H09 14:24 40 0:28 2:52

H10 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H11 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H12 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H13 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H14 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H15 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H16 26:16 63 0:29 4:33

H17 25:48 81 0:26 4:55

H18 40:48 120 0:27 7:41

H19 43:01 80 0:54 6:05

H20 35:06 115 0:28 4:14

H21 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H22 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H23 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H24 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H25 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H26 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H27 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H28 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H29 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H30 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H31 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H32 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H33 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H34 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H35 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H36 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H37 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H38 0:00 0 0:00 0:00



Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


03/09/2015 15:03/3.0.629








H39 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H40 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H41 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H42 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H43 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H44 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H45 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H46 0:00 0 0:00 0:00



[h/year] [h/year]

T01 Siemens SWT-3.6-120 3600 120.0 !O! hub: 116.0 m (TOT: 176.0 m) (1552) 0:00 0:00




















































Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


03/09/2015 15:03/3.0.629





[h/year] [h/year]













Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:06/3.0.629


Calculation: Oweninny Shadow Calc_Cumulative Impacts_Corvoderry & Dooleeg_Phase 1 & 2_61 x Vestas V112_120m Hubs_15th Sept 2015








1.36 2.16 2.65 4.82 5.79 4.41 4.42 4.07 3.73 2.48 1.71 0.89


distribution:


Operational time


304 259 355 394 1,228 1,145 684 896 1,243 916 615 474 8,513








Eye height: 1.5 m



ITMScale 1:150,000

New WTG Existing WTG

Shadow receptor

WTGs

WTG type



[m] [kW] [m] [m] [RPM]

63 502,452 823,032 112.8 WINDTEC WT1500 1500 66.7 !O! h... No WINDTEC WT1500-1,500 1,500 66.7 64.5 24.0










Dooleeg Turbine 501,429 818,628 93.6 ENERCON E-82 2000 82.0 !O! hub: ...No ENERCON E-82-2,000 2,000 82.0 82.0 19.5

T01 500,679 825,900 95.1 VESTAS V112 3000 112.0 !O! hub: ... No VESTAS V112-3,000 3,000 112.0 120.0 12.8























Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:06/3.0.629




WTG type



[m] [kW] [m] [m] [RPM]












































[m] [m] [m] [m] [°] [°]




















Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:06/3.0.629






[m] [m] [m] [m] [°] [°]






























Calculation Results

Shadow receptor





H01 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H02 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H03 8:45 37 0:19 1:25

H04 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H05 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H06 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H07 10:21 32 0:24 2:11

H08 9:57 32 0:23 2:03

H09 12:39 37 0:26 2:34

H10 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H11 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H12 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H13 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H14 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H15 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H16 22:47 59 0:27 4:00

H17 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H18 36:35 114 0:26 7:01

H19 37:12 76 0:52 5:26

H20 10:45 33 0:26 1:47

H21 134:06 112 1:23 25:27

H22 34:11 66 0:40 6:59

H23 62:52 95 0:45 11:54

H24 16:24 41 0:31 3:26

H25 14:41 39 0:29 3:04

H26 9:46 32 0:24 2:00

H27 8:49 32 0:23 1:47



Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:06/3.0.629








H28 8:23 32 0:22 1:42

H29 7:39 30 0:21 1:33

H30 7:23 29 0:21 1:30

H31 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H32 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H33 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H34 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H35 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H36 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H37 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H38 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H39 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H40 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H41 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H42 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H43 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H44 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H45 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H46 0:00 0 0:00 0:00



[h/year] [h/year]

63 WINDTEC WT1500 1500 66.7 !O! hub: 64.5 m (TOT: 97.8 m) (70) 0:00 0:00










Dooleeg Turbine ENERCON E-82 2000 82.0 !O! hub: 82.0 m (TOT: 123.0 m) (1614) 227:25 43:54































Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:06/3.0.629





[h/year] [h/year]



































Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:12/3.0.629


Calculation: Oweninny Shadow Calc_Cumulative Impacts_Corvoderry & Dooleeg_Phase 1 & 2_61 x Siemens SWT3.6_116m Hubs_15th Sept 2015








1.36 2.16 2.65 4.82 5.79 4.41 4.42 4.07 3.73 2.48 1.71 0.89


distribution:


Operational time


295 252 345 383 1,194 1,113 665 871 1,208 890 597 460 8,274








Eye height: 1.5 m



ITMScale 1:150,000

New WTG Existing WTG

Shadow receptor

WTGs

WTG type



[m] [kW] [m] [m] [RPM]

63 502,452 823,032 112.8 WINDTEC WT1500 1500 66.7 !... No WINDTEC WT1500-1,500 1,500 66.7 64.5 24.0










Dooleeg Turbine 501,429 818,628 93.6 ENERCON E-82 2000 82.0 !O! h... No ENERCON E-82-2,000 2,000 82.0 82.0 19.5

T01 500,679 825,900 95.1 Siemens SWT-3.6-120 3600 120...Yes Siemens SWT-3.6-120-3,600 3,600 120.0 116.0 14.0
























Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:12/3.0.629




WTG type



[m] [kW] [m] [m] [RPM]











































[m] [m] [m] [m] [°] [°]






















Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:12/3.0.629






[m] [m] [m] [m] [°] [°]




























Calculation Results

Shadow receptor





H01 15:22 53 0:25 2:28

H02 14:12 50 0:24 2:16

H03 10:12 42 0:20 1:36

H04 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H05 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H06 18:55 63 0:24 3:19

H07 11:55 34 0:27 2:26

H08 11:27 35 0:26 2:18

H09 14:24 40 0:28 2:51

H10 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H11 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H12 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H13 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H14 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H15 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H16 26:16 63 0:29 4:31

H17 25:48 81 0:26 4:53

H18 40:48 120 0:27 7:38

H19 43:01 80 0:54 6:03

H20 35:06 115 0:28 4:12

H21 134:06 112 1:23 24:44

H22 34:11 66 0:40 6:47

H23 62:52 95 0:45 11:34

H24 16:24 41 0:31 3:20

H25 14:41 39 0:29 2:59

H26 9:46 32 0:24 1:56

H27 8:49 32 0:23 1:44

H28 8:23 32 0:22 1:39

H29 7:39 30 0:21 1:31



Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:12/3.0.629








H30 7:23 29 0:21 1:27

H31 3:47 22 0:16 0:44

H32 3:34 22 0:16 0:41

H33 3:20 22 0:15 0:39

H34 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H35 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H36 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H37 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H38 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H39 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H40 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H41 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H42 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H43 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H44 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H45 0:00 0 0:00 0:00

H46 0:00 0 0:00 0:00



[h/year] [h/year]











Dooleeg Turbine ENERCON E-82 2000 82.0 !O! hub: 82.0 m (TOT: 123.0 m) (1614) 232:22 43:38

































Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


15/09/2015 16:12/3.0.629





[h/year] [h/year]

































Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


03/09/2015 10:57/3.0.629

SHADOW - Calendar

Calculation: Oweninny Shadow Calc_Phases 1 & 2_61 x Vestas V112_120m Hubs_3rd Sept 2015Shadow receptor: H19 - Shadow Receptor: 2.0 × 1.0 Azimuth: 0.0° Slope: 90.0° (98)

Assumptions for shadow calculationsSunshine probability S (Average daily sunshine hours) [BELMULLET]


1.36 2.16 2.65 4.82 5.79 4.41 4.42 4.07 3.73 2.48 1.71 0.89

Operational time


307 262 359 399 1,242 1,158 692 906 1,257 926 622 479 8,610


Table layout: For each day in each month the following matrix apply

Day in month Sun rise (hh:mm) First time (hh:mm) with flicker (WTG causing flicker first time)

Sun set (hh:mm) Minutes with flicker Last time (hh:mm) with flicker (WTG causing flicker last time)

|January |February |March |April |May |June

1 | 08:59 | 08:28 09:05 (T67) | 07:30 | 07:14 07:48 (T45) | 06:04 | 05:13

| 16:26 | 17:18 47 16:34 (T66) | 18:14 | 20:13 24 08:12 (T45) | 21:10 | 22:00

2 | 08:59 | 08:26 09:05 (T67) | 07:27 | 07:11 07:47 (T45) | 06:02 | 05:13

| 16:27 | 17:20 49 16:34 (T66) | 18:16 | 20:15 25 08:12 (T45) | 21:11 | 22:02

3 | 08:58 | 08:24 09:04 (T67) | 07:25 | 07:09 07:47 (T45) | 06:00 | 05:12

| 16:28 | 17:22 50 16:34 (T66) | 18:18 | 20:17 25 08:12 (T45) | 21:13 | 22:03

4 | 08:58 | 08:23 09:04 (T67) | 07:23 | 07:06 07:46 (T45) | 05:58 | 05:11

| 16:29 | 17:24 51 16:35 (T66) | 18:20 | 20:19 24 08:10 (T45) | 21:15 | 22:04

5 | 08:58 | 08:21 09:04 (T67) | 07:20 | 07:04 07:47 (T45) | 05:55 | 05:10

| 16:30 | 17:26 52 16:35 (T66) | 18:22 | 20:21 23 08:10 (T45) | 21:17 | 22:05

6 | 08:57 | 08:19 09:05 (T67) | 07:18 | 07:01 07:47 (T45) | 05:53 | 05:09

| 16:32 | 17:28 49 16:34 (T66) | 18:24 | 20:23 21 08:08 (T45) | 21:19 | 22:06

7 | 08:57 | 08:17 09:05 (T67) | 07:15 | 06:59 07:48 (T45) | 05:52 | 05:09

| 16:33 | 17:30 49 16:34 (T66) | 18:26 | 20:25 19 08:07 (T45) | 21:21 | 22:07

8 | 08:56 | 08:15 09:06 (T67) | 07:13 | 06:57 07:49 (T45) | 05:50 | 05:08

| 16:35 | 17:32 46 16:34 (T66) | 18:28 | 20:26 17 08:06 (T45) | 21:22 | 22:08

9 | 08:56 | 08:13 09:06 (T67) | 07:10 | 06:54 07:50 (T45) | 05:48 | 05:07

| 16:36 | 17:34 44 16:33 (T66) | 18:30 | 20:28 13 08:03 (T45) | 21:24 | 22:09

10 | 08:55 | 08:11 09:07 (T67) | 07:08 | 06:52 07:54 (T45) | 05:46 | 05:07

| 16:38 | 17:36 41 16:33 (T66) | 18:32 | 20:30 6 08:00 (T45) | 21:26 | 22:10

11 | 08:54 | 08:09 09:08 (T67) | 07:06 | 06:49 | 05:44 | 05:06

| 16:39 | 17:38 36 16:32 (T66) | 18:34 | 20:32 | 21:28 | 22:11

12 | 08:54 | 08:07 09:10 (T67) | 07:03 | 06:47 | 05:42 | 05:06

| 16:41 | 17:40 29 16:30 (T66) | 18:35 | 20:34 | 21:29 | 22:11

13 | 08:53 | 08:05 09:12 (T67) | 07:01 | 06:44 | 05:40 | 05:06

| 16:42 | 17:42 19 16:27 (T66) | 18:37 | 20:36 | 21:31 | 22:12

14 | 08:52 | 08:03 09:15 (T67) | 06:58 | 06:42 | 05:39 | 05:05

| 16:44 | 17:44 5 09:20 (T67) | 18:39 | 20:38 | 21:33 | 22:13

15 | 08:51 | 08:01 | 06:56 | 06:40 | 05:37 | 05:05

| 16:46 | 17:46 | 18:41 | 20:40 | 21:35 | 22:13

16 | 08:50 | 07:59 | 06:53 | 06:37 | 05:35 | 05:05

| 16:47 | 17:48 | 18:43 | 20:41 | 21:36 | 22:14

17 | 08:49 | 07:57 | 06:51 | 06:35 | 05:33 | 05:05

| 16:49 | 17:50 | 18:45 | 20:43 | 21:38 | 22:14

18 | 08:48 | 07:54 | 06:48 | 06:33 | 05:32 | 05:05

| 16:51 | 17:52 | 18:47 | 20:45 | 21:40 | 22:15

19 | 08:47 | 07:52 | 06:46 | 06:30 | 05:30 | 05:05

| 16:53 | 17:54 | 18:49 | 20:47 | 21:41 | 22:15

20 | 08:46 | 07:50 | 06:43 | 06:28 | 05:29 | 05:05

| 16:54 | 17:56 | 18:51 | 20:49 | 21:43 | 22:16

21 | 08:44 | 07:48 | 06:41 | 06:26 | 05:27 | 05:05

| 16:56 | 17:58 | 18:53 | 20:51 | 21:45 | 22:16

22 | 08:43 | 07:46 | 06:39 | 06:23 | 05:26 | 05:05

| 16:58 | 18:00 | 18:55 | 20:53 | 21:46 | 22:16

23 | 08:42 | 07:43 | 06:36 | 06:21 | 05:24 | 05:05

| 17:00 | 18:02 | 18:56 | 20:55 | 21:48 | 22:16

24 | 08:40 16:18 (T66) | 07:41 | 06:34 | 06:19 | 05:23 | 05:06

| 17:02 3 16:21 (T66) | 18:04 | 18:58 | 20:56 | 21:49 | 22:16

25 | 08:39 09:15 (T67) | 07:39 | 06:31 | 06:17 | 05:22 | 05:06

| 17:04 12 16:26 (T66) | 18:06 | 19:00 | 20:58 | 21:51 | 22:16

26 | 08:37 09:11 (T67) | 07:37 | 06:29 06:56 (T45) | 06:14 | 05:20 | 05:06

| 17:06 24 16:28 (T66) | 18:08 | 19:02 10 07:06 (T45) | 21:00 | 21:52 | 22:16

27 | 08:36 09:09 (T67) | 07:34 | 06:26 06:54 (T45) | 06:12 | 05:19 | 05:07

| 17:08 31 16:29 (T66) | 18:10 | 19:04 15 07:09 (T45) | 21:02 | 21:54 | 22:16

28 | 08:34 09:07 (T67) | 07:32 | 06:24 06:51 (T45) | 06:10 | 05:18 | 05:07

| 17:10 36 16:30 (T66) | 18:12 | 19:06 19 07:10 (T45) | 21:04 | 21:55 | 22:16

29 | 08:33 09:07 (T67) | | 07:21 07:50 (T45) | 06:08 | 05:17 | 05:08

| 17:12 40 16:32 (T66) | | 20:08 21 08:11 (T45) | 21:06 | 21:56 | 22:16

30 | 08:31 09:06 (T67) | | 07:19 07:50 (T45) | 06:06 | 05:16 | 05:09

| 17:14 44 16:33 (T66) | | 20:10 22 08:12 (T45) | 21:08 | 21:58 | 22:16

31 | 08:30 09:06 (T67) | | 07:16 07:48 (T45) | | 05:14 |

| 17:16 45 16:33 (T66) | | 20:11 24 08:12 (T45) | | 21:59 |

Potential sun hours | 248 | 272 | 367 | 421 | 496 | 512

Total, worst case | 235 | 567 | 111 | 197 | |

Sun reduction | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.34 | |

Oper. time red. | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 | |

Wind dir. red. | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.69 | 0.69 | |

Total reduction | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.23 | |

Total, real | 25 | 78 | 17 | 46 | |


Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


03/09/2015 10:57/3.0.629

SHADOW - Calendar

Calculation: Oweninny Shadow Calc_Phases 1 & 2_61 x Vestas V112_120m Hubs_3rd Sept 2015Shadow receptor: H19 - Shadow Receptor: 2.0 × 1.0 Azimuth: 0.0° Slope: 90.0° (98)



1.36 2.16 2.65 4.82 5.79 4.41 4.42 4.07 3.73 2.48 1.71 0.89

Operational time


307 262 359 399 1,242 1,158 692 906 1,257 926 622 479 8,610





|July |August |September |October |November |December

1 | 05:09 | 05:50 | 06:45 | 07:39 | 07:38 08:37 (T67) | 08:34

| 22:15 | 21:39 | 20:32 | 19:17 | 17:06 41 16:02 (T66) | 16:21

2 | 05:10 | 05:52 | 06:47 07:52 (T45) | 07:41 | 07:40 08:36 (T67) | 08:35

| 22:15 | 21:37 | 20:29 6 07:58 (T45) | 19:15 | 17:04 45 16:03 (T66) | 16:20

3 | 05:11 | 05:53 | 06:49 07:48 (T45) | 07:43 | 07:42 08:35 (T67) | 08:37

| 22:14 | 21:36 | 20:27 13 08:01 (T45) | 19:12 | 17:02 47 16:04 (T66) | 16:19

4 | 05:12 | 05:55 | 06:50 07:46 (T45) | 07:45 | 07:44 08:35 (T67) | 08:38

| 22:14 | 21:34 | 20:24 17 08:03 (T45) | 19:10 | 17:00 48 16:04 (T66) | 16:19

5 | 05:13 | 05:57 | 06:52 07:44 (T45) | 07:46 | 07:46 08:34 (T67) | 08:40

| 22:13 | 21:32 | 20:22 20 08:04 (T45) | 19:07 | 16:58 50 16:04 (T66) | 16:18

6 | 05:14 | 05:59 | 06:54 07:43 (T45) | 07:48 | 07:48 08:35 (T67) | 08:41

| 22:13 | 21:30 | 20:20 21 08:04 (T45) | 19:05 | 16:56 50 16:05 (T66) | 16:18

7 | 05:15 | 06:00 | 06:56 07:42 (T45) | 07:50 | 07:50 08:35 (T67) | 08:43

| 22:12 | 21:28 | 20:17 23 08:05 (T45) | 19:03 | 16:54 50 16:05 (T66) | 16:17

8 | 05:16 | 06:02 | 06:58 07:42 (T45) | 07:52 | 07:52 08:35 (T67) | 08:44

| 22:11 | 21:26 | 20:15 24 08:06 (T45) | 19:00 | 16:52 50 16:05 (T66) | 16:17

9 | 05:17 | 06:04 | 06:59 07:40 (T45) | 07:54 | 07:54 08:35 (T67) | 08:45

| 22:10 | 21:24 | 20:12 25 08:05 (T45) | 18:58 | 16:51 50 16:05 (T66) | 16:16

10 | 05:18 | 06:06 | 07:01 07:40 (T45) | 07:56 | 07:56 08:36 (T67) | 08:46

| 22:10 | 21:22 | 20:10 25 08:05 (T45) | 18:55 | 16:49 48 16:05 (T66) | 16:16

11 | 05:19 | 06:07 | 07:03 07:40 (T45) | 07:58 | 07:58 08:36 (T67) | 08:48

| 22:09 | 21:20 | 20:07 25 08:05 (T45) | 18:53 | 16:47 46 16:04 (T66) | 16:16

12 | 05:20 | 06:09 | 07:05 07:40 (T45) | 08:00 | 08:00 08:37 (T67) | 08:49

| 22:08 | 21:18 | 20:05 24 08:04 (T45) | 18:50 | 16:45 43 16:03 (T66) | 16:16

13 | 05:21 | 06:11 | 07:07 07:40 (T45) | 08:01 | 08:02 08:39 (T67) | 08:50

| 22:07 | 21:15 | 20:02 23 08:03 (T45) | 18:48 | 16:44 40 16:04 (T66) | 16:15

14 | 05:23 | 06:13 | 07:08 07:40 (T45) | 08:03 | 08:04 08:40 (T67) | 08:51

| 22:06 | 21:13 | 20:00 22 08:02 (T45) | 18:46 | 16:42 36 16:03 (T66) | 16:15

15 | 05:24 | 06:14 | 07:10 07:41 (T45) | 08:05 | 08:06 08:42 (T67) | 08:52

| 22:05 | 21:11 | 19:57 20 08:01 (T45) | 18:43 | 16:40 31 16:02 (T66) | 16:15

16 | 05:25 | 06:16 | 07:12 07:43 (T45) | 08:07 | 08:07 08:44 (T67) | 08:53

| 22:03 | 21:09 | 19:55 16 07:59 (T45) | 18:41 | 16:39 23 16:00 (T66) | 16:15

17 | 05:27 | 06:18 | 07:14 07:44 (T45) | 08:09 | 08:09 15:49 (T66) | 08:53

| 22:02 | 21:07 | 19:52 12 07:56 (T45) | 18:39 | 16:37 10 15:59 (T66) | 16:16

18 | 05:28 | 06:20 | 07:16 | 08:11 | 08:11 15:53 (T66) | 08:54

| 22:01 | 21:04 | 19:50 | 18:36 | 16:36 2 15:55 (T66) | 16:16

19 | 05:29 | 06:22 | 07:17 | 08:13 | 08:13 | 08:55

| 22:00 | 21:02 | 19:47 | 18:34 | 16:34 | 16:16

20 | 05:31 | 06:23 | 07:19 | 08:15 | 08:15 | 08:56

| 21:58 | 21:00 | 19:45 | 18:32 | 16:33 | 16:16

21 | 05:32 | 06:25 | 07:21 | 08:17 | 08:17 | 08:56

| 21:57 | 20:58 | 19:42 | 18:30 | 16:32 | 16:17

22 | 05:34 | 06:27 | 07:23 | 08:19 | 08:19 | 08:57

| 21:56 | 20:55 | 19:40 | 18:27 | 16:30 | 16:17

23 | 05:35 | 06:29 | 07:25 | 08:21 | 08:20 | 08:57

| 21:54 | 20:53 | 19:37 | 18:25 | 16:29 | 16:18

24 | 05:37 | 06:31 | 07:26 | 08:22 | 08:22 | 08:58

| 21:53 | 20:51 | 19:35 | 18:23 | 16:28 | 16:18

25 | 05:38 | 06:32 | 07:28 | 07:24 | 08:24 | 08:58

| 21:51 | 20:48 | 19:32 | 17:21 | 16:27 | 16:19

26 | 05:40 | 06:34 | 07:30 | 07:26 | 08:26 | 08:58

| 21:49 | 20:46 | 19:30 | 17:18 | 16:26 | 16:20

27 | 05:42 | 06:36 | 07:32 | 07:28 | 08:27 | 08:59

| 21:48 | 20:44 | 19:27 | 17:16 | 16:25 | 16:21

28 | 05:43 | 06:38 | 07:34 | 07:30 08:43 (T67) | 08:29 | 08:59

| 21:46 | 20:41 | 19:25 | 17:14 7 08:50 (T67) | 16:24 | 16:21

29 | 05:45 | 06:40 | 07:35 | 07:32 08:40 (T67) | 08:31 | 08:59

| 21:44 | 20:39 | 19:22 | 17:12 22 15:57 (T66) | 16:23 | 16:22

30 | 05:47 | 06:41 | 07:37 | 07:34 08:39 (T67) | 08:32 | 08:59

| 21:43 | 20:37 | 19:20 | 17:10 31 16:00 (T66) | 16:22 | 16:23

31 | 05:48 | 06:43 | | 07:36 08:38 (T67) | | 08:59

| 21:41 | 20:34 | | 17:08 36 16:01 (T66) | | 16:24


Total, worst case | | | 316 | 96 | 710 |

Sun reduction | | | 0.29 | 0.23 | 0.20 |

Oper. time red. | | | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.98 |

Wind dir. red. | | | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.64 |

Total reduction | | | 0.20 | 0.15 | 0.12 |

Total, real | | | 62 | 14 | 88 |


Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


03/09/2015 15:03/3.0.629

SHADOW - Calendar

Calculation: Oweninny Shadow Calc_Phases 1 & 2_61 x Siemens SWT3.6_116m Hubs_3rd Sept 2015Shadow receptor: H19 - Shadow Receptor: 2.0 × 1.0 Azimuth: 0.0° Slope: 90.0° (98)



1.36 2.16 2.65 4.82 5.79 4.41 4.42 4.07 3.73 2.48 1.71 0.89

Operational time


297 254 347 386 1,202 1,120 669 877 1,216 896 601 463 8,328





|January |February |March |April |May |June

1 | 08:59 | 08:28 09:03 (T67) | 07:30 | 07:14 07:46 (T45) | 06:04 | 05:13

| 16:26 | 17:18 52 16:35 (T66) | 18:14 | 20:13 27 08:13 (T45) | 21:10 | 22:00

2 | 08:59 | 08:26 09:03 (T67) | 07:27 | 07:11 07:45 (T45) | 06:02 | 05:13

| 16:27 | 17:20 54 16:36 (T66) | 18:16 | 20:15 27 08:12 (T45) | 21:11 | 22:02

3 | 08:58 | 08:24 09:03 (T67) | 07:25 | 07:09 07:46 (T45) | 06:00 | 05:12

| 16:28 | 17:22 54 16:36 (T66) | 18:18 | 20:17 26 08:12 (T45) | 21:13 | 22:03

4 | 08:58 | 08:23 09:03 (T67) | 07:23 | 07:06 07:45 (T45) | 05:58 | 05:11

| 16:29 | 17:24 54 16:36 (T66) | 18:20 | 20:19 26 08:11 (T45) | 21:15 | 22:04

5 | 08:58 | 08:21 09:03 (T67) | 07:20 | 07:04 07:46 (T45) | 05:55 | 05:10

| 16:30 | 17:26 54 16:36 (T66) | 18:22 | 20:21 24 08:10 (T45) | 21:17 | 22:05

6 | 08:57 | 08:19 09:03 (T67) | 07:18 | 07:01 07:46 (T45) | 05:53 | 05:09

| 16:32 | 17:28 53 16:36 (T66) | 18:24 | 20:23 23 08:09 (T45) | 21:19 | 22:06

7 | 08:57 | 08:17 09:04 (T67) | 07:15 | 06:59 07:47 (T45) | 05:52 | 05:09

| 16:33 | 17:30 51 16:35 (T66) | 18:26 | 20:25 21 08:08 (T45) | 21:21 | 22:07

8 | 08:56 | 08:15 09:04 (T67) | 07:13 | 06:57 07:48 (T45) | 05:50 | 05:08

| 16:35 | 17:32 50 16:35 (T66) | 18:28 | 20:26 18 08:06 (T45) | 21:22 | 22:08

9 | 08:56 | 08:13 09:05 (T67) | 07:10 | 06:54 07:49 (T45) | 05:48 | 05:07

| 16:36 | 17:34 46 16:34 (T66) | 18:30 | 20:28 14 08:03 (T45) | 21:24 | 22:09

10 | 08:55 | 08:11 09:06 (T67) | 07:08 | 06:52 07:53 (T45) | 05:46 | 05:07

| 16:38 | 17:36 43 16:34 (T66) | 18:32 | 20:30 7 08:00 (T45) | 21:26 | 22:10

11 | 08:54 | 08:09 09:07 (T67) | 07:06 | 06:49 | 05:44 | 05:06

| 16:39 | 17:38 38 16:33 (T66) | 18:34 | 20:32 | 21:28 | 22:11

12 | 08:54 | 08:07 09:09 (T67) | 07:03 | 06:47 | 05:42 | 05:06

| 16:41 | 17:40 31 16:31 (T66) | 18:35 | 20:34 | 21:29 | 22:11

13 | 08:53 | 08:05 09:11 (T67) | 07:01 | 06:44 | 05:40 | 05:06

| 16:42 | 17:42 21 16:28 (T66) | 18:37 | 20:36 | 21:31 | 22:12

14 | 08:52 | 08:03 09:14 (T67) | 06:58 | 06:42 | 05:39 | 05:05

| 16:44 | 17:44 6 09:20 (T67) | 18:39 | 20:38 | 21:33 | 22:13

15 | 08:51 | 08:01 | 06:56 | 06:40 | 05:37 | 05:05

| 16:46 | 17:46 | 18:41 | 20:40 | 21:35 | 22:13

16 | 08:50 | 07:59 | 06:53 | 06:37 | 05:35 | 05:05

| 16:47 | 17:48 | 18:43 | 20:41 | 21:36 | 22:14

17 | 08:49 | 07:57 | 06:51 | 06:35 | 05:33 | 05:05

| 16:49 | 17:50 | 18:45 | 20:43 | 21:38 | 22:14

18 | 08:48 | 07:54 | 06:48 | 06:33 | 05:32 | 05:05

| 16:51 | 17:52 | 18:47 | 20:45 | 21:40 | 22:15

19 | 08:47 | 07:52 | 06:46 | 06:30 | 05:30 | 05:05

| 16:53 | 17:54 | 18:49 | 20:47 | 21:41 | 22:15

20 | 08:46 | 07:50 | 06:43 | 06:28 | 05:29 | 05:05

| 16:54 | 17:56 | 18:51 | 20:49 | 21:43 | 22:16

21 | 08:44 | 07:48 | 06:41 | 06:26 | 05:27 | 05:05

| 16:56 | 17:58 | 18:53 | 20:51 | 21:45 | 22:16

22 | 08:43 | 07:46 | 06:39 | 06:23 | 05:26 | 05:05

| 16:58 | 18:00 | 18:55 | 20:53 | 21:46 | 22:16

23 | 08:42 16:16 (T66) | 07:43 | 06:36 | 06:21 | 05:24 | 05:05

| 17:00 9 16:25 (T66) | 18:02 | 18:56 | 20:55 | 21:48 | 22:16

24 | 08:40 09:10 (T67) | 07:41 | 06:34 | 06:19 | 05:23 | 05:06

| 17:02 22 16:27 (T66) | 18:04 | 18:58 | 20:56 | 21:49 | 22:16

25 | 08:39 09:09 (T67) | 07:39 | 06:31 06:56 (T45) | 06:17 | 05:22 | 05:06

| 17:04 29 16:29 (T66) | 18:06 | 19:00 11 07:07 (T45) | 20:58 | 21:51 | 22:16

26 | 08:37 09:07 (T67) | 07:37 | 06:29 06:53 (T45) | 06:14 | 05:20 | 05:06

| 17:06 35 16:30 (T66) | 18:08 | 19:02 16 07:09 (T45) | 21:00 | 21:52 | 22:16

27 | 08:36 09:06 (T67) | 07:34 | 06:26 06:51 (T45) | 06:12 | 05:19 | 05:07

| 17:08 39 16:31 (T66) | 18:10 | 19:04 20 07:11 (T45) | 21:02 | 21:54 | 22:16

28 | 08:34 09:05 (T67) | 07:32 | 06:24 06:49 (T45) | 06:10 | 05:18 | 05:07

| 17:10 43 16:32 (T66) | 18:12 | 19:06 22 07:11 (T45) | 21:04 | 21:55 | 22:16

29 | 08:33 09:05 (T67) | | 07:21 07:48 (T45) | 06:08 | 05:17 | 05:08

| 17:12 46 16:34 (T66) | | 20:08 24 08:12 (T45) | 21:06 | 21:56 | 22:16

30 | 08:31 09:04 (T67) | | 07:19 07:48 (T45) | 06:06 | 05:16 | 05:09

| 17:14 48 16:34 (T66) | | 20:10 25 08:13 (T45) | 21:08 | 21:58 | 22:16

31 | 08:30 09:04 (T67) | | 07:16 07:46 (T45) | | 05:14 |

| 17:16 51 16:35 (T66) | | 20:11 26 08:12 (T45) | | 21:59 |


Total, worst case | 322 | 607 | 144 | 213 | |

Sun reduction | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.34 | |

Oper. time red. | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.95 | |

Wind dir. red. | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.69 | 0.69 | |

Total reduction | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.22 | |

Total, real | 33 | 81 | 21 | 48 | |


Project:

Oweninny Wind Farm


Licensed user:



IE-DUBLIN 2

+353 1 703 7013


03/09/2015 15:03/3.0.629

SHADOW - Calendar

Calculation: Oweninny Shadow Calc_Phases 1 & 2_61 x Siemens SWT3.6_116m Hubs_3rd Sept 2015Shadow receptor: H19 - Shadow Receptor: 2.0 × 1.0 Azimuth: 0.0° Slope: 90.0° (98)



1.36 2.16 2.65 4.82 5.79 4.41 4.42 4.07 3.73 2.48 1.71 0.89

Operational time


297 254 347 386 1,202 1,120 669 877 1,216 896 601 463 8,328





|July |August |September |October |November |December

1 | 05:09 | 05:50 | 06:45 | 07:39 | 07:38 08:36 (T67) | 08:34

| 22:15 | 21:39 | 20:32 | 19:17 | 17:06 43 16:03 (T66) | 16:21

2 | 05:10 | 05:52 | 06:47 07:50 (T45) | 07:41 | 07:40 08:35 (T67) | 08:35

| 22:15 | 21:37 | 20:29 8 07:58 (T45) | 19:15 | 17:04 47 16:04 (T66) | 16:20

3 | 05:11 | 05:53 | 06:49 07:47 (T45) | 07:43 | 07:42 08:34 (T67) | 08:37

| 22:14 | 21:36 | 20:27 14 08:01 (T45) | 19:12 | 17:02 50 16:05 (T66) | 16:19

4 | 05:12 | 05:55 | 06:50 07:45 (T45) | 07:45 | 07:44 08:33 (T67) | 08:38

| 22:14 | 21:34 | 20:24 18 08:03 (T45) | 19:10 | 17:00 52 16:05 (T66) | 16:19

5 | 05:13 | 05:57 | 06:52 07:43 (T45) | 07:46 | 07:46 08:33 (T67) | 08:40

| 22:13 | 21:32 | 20:22 21 08:04 (T45) | 19:07 | 16:58 53 16:05 (T66) | 16:18

6 | 05:14 | 05:59 | 06:54 07:42 (T45) | 07:48 | 07:48 08:34 (T67) | 08:41

| 22:13 | 21:30 | 20:20 23 08:05 (T45) | 19:05 | 16:56 54 16:07 (T66) | 16:18

7 | 05:15 | 06:00 | 06:56 07:41 (T45) | 07:50 | 07:50 08:34 (T67) | 08:43

| 22:12 | 21:28 | 20:17 24 08:05 (T45) | 19:03 | 16:54 54 16:07 (T66) | 16:17

8 | 05:16 | 06:02 | 06:58 07:40 (T45) | 07:52 | 07:52 08:34 (T67) | 08:44

| 22:11 | 21:26 | 20:15 26 08:06 (T45) | 19:00 | 16:52 54 16:06 (T66) | 16:17

9 | 05:17 | 06:04 | 06:59 07:39 (T45) | 07:54 | 07:54 08:34 (T67) | 08:45

| 22:10 | 21:24 | 20:12 26 08:05 (T45) | 18:58 | 16:51 52 16:06 (T66) | 16:16

10 | 05:18 | 06:06 | 07:01 07:39 (T45) | 07:56 | 07:56 08:34 (T67) | 08:46

| 22:10 | 21:22 | 20:10 26 08:05 (T45) | 18:55 | 16:49 52 16:06 (T66) | 16:16

11 | 05:19 | 06:07 | 07:03 07:39 (T45) | 07:58 | 07:58 08:35 (T67) | 08:48

| 22:09 | 21:20 | 20:07 26 08:05 (T45) | 18:53 | 16:47 51 16:06 (T66) | 16:16

12 | 05:20 | 06:09 | 07:05 07:39 (T45) | 08:00 | 08:00 08:35 (T67) | 08:49

| 22:08 | 21:18 | 20:05 26 08:05 (T45) | 18:50 | 16:45 49 16:05 (T66) | 16:16

13 | 05:21 | 06:11 | 07:07 07:38 (T45) | 08:01 | 08:02 08:37 (T67) | 08:50

| 22:07 | 21:15 | 20:02 25 08:03 (T45) | 18:48 | 16:44 46 16:06 (T66) | 16:15

14 | 05:23 | 06:13 | 07:08 07:39 (T45) | 08:03 | 08:04 08:38 (T67) | 08:51

| 22:06 | 21:13 | 20:00 24 08:03 (T45) | 18:46 | 16:42 43 16:05 (T66) | 16:15

15 | 05:24 | 06:14 | 07:10 07:39 (T45) | 08:05 | 08:06 08:39 (T67) | 08:52

| 22:05 | 21:11 | 19:57 23 08:02 (T45) | 18:43 | 16:40 39 16:04 (T66) | 16:15

16 | 05:25 | 06:16 | 07:12 07:40 (T45) | 08:07 | 08:07 08:40 (T67) | 08:53

| 22:03 | 21:09 | 19:55 20 08:00 (T45) | 18:41 | 16:39 34 16:03 (T66) | 16:15

17 | 05:27 | 06:18 | 07:14 07:41 (T45) | 08:09 | 08:09 08:42 (T67) | 08:53

| 22:02 | 21:07 | 19:52 17 07:58 (T45) | 18:39 | 16:37 29 16:02 (T66) | 16:16

18 | 05:28 | 06:20 | 07:16 07:43 (T45) | 08:11 | 08:11 08:44 (T67) | 08:54

| 22:01 | 21:04 | 19:50 12 07:55 (T45) | 18:36 | 16:36 22 16:01 (T66) | 16:16

19 | 05:29 | 06:22 | 07:17 | 08:13 | 08:13 15:50 (T66) | 08:55

| 22:00 | 21:02 | 19:47 | 18:34 | 16:34 9 15:59 (T66) | 16:16

20 | 05:31 | 06:23 | 07:19 | 08:15 | 08:15 | 08:56

| 21:58 | 21:00 | 19:45 | 18:32 | 16:33 | 16:16

21 | 05:32 | 06:25 | 07:21 | 08:17 | 08:17 | 08:56

| 21:57 | 20:58 | 19:42 | 18:30 | 16:32 | 16:17

22 | 05:34 | 06:27 | 07:23 | 08:19 | 08:19 | 08:57

| 21:56 | 20:55 | 19:40 | 18:27 | 16:30 | 16:17

23 | 05:35 | 06:29 | 07:25 | 08:21 | 08:20 | 08:57

| 21:54 | 20:53 | 19:37 | 18:25 | 16:29 | 16:18

24 | 05:37 | 06:31 | 07:26 | 08:22 | 08:22 | 08:58

| 21:53 | 20:51 | 19:35 | 18:23 | 16:28 | 16:18

25 | 05:38 | 06:32 | 07:28 | 07:24 | 08:24 | 08:58

| 21:51 | 20:48 | 19:32 | 17:21 | 16:27 | 16:19

26 | 05:40 | 06:34 | 07:30 | 07:26 | 08:26 | 08:58

| 21:49 | 20:46 | 19:30 | 17:18 | 16:26 | 16:20

27 | 05:42 | 06:36 | 07:32 | 07:28 | 08:27 | 08:59

| 21:48 | 20:44 | 19:27 | 17:16 | 16:25 | 16:21

28 | 05:43 | 06:38 | 07:34 | 07:30 08:42 (T67) | 08:29 | 08:59

| 21:46 | 20:41 | 19:25 | 17:14 8 08:50 (T67) | 16:24 | 16:21

29 | 05:45 | 06:40 | 07:35 | 07:32 08:39 (T67) | 08:31 | 08:59

| 21:44 | 20:39 | 19:22 | 17:12 24 15:58 (T66) | 16:23 | 16:22

30 | 05:47 | 06:41 | 07:37 | 07:34 08:38 (T67) | 08:32 | 08:59

| 21:43 | 20:37 | 19:20 | 17:10 33 16:01 (T66) | 16:22 | 16:23

31 | 05:48 | 06:43 | | 07:36 08:37 (T67) | | 08:59

| 21:41 | 20:34 | | 17:08 38 16:02 (T66) | | 16:24


Total, worst case | | | 359 | 103 | 833 |

Sun reduction | | | 0.29 | 0.23 | 0.20 |

Oper. time red. | | | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.95 |

Wind dir. red. | | | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.64 |

Total reduction | | | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.12 |

Total, real | | | 68 | 15 | 100 |

Date post:	25-Feb-2018
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