Chapter 9- Adolescence

Body and Mind

Agenda for Adolescence

•Define adolescence•Body•Brain•Puberty

Adolescence

•Definition:

•Body changes▫Weight▫Height▫Growth patterns

•Brain Growth Spurts

Puberty• Changes needed for reproductive maturity• Hormones • Pituitary gland

Sequence of development during pubertySTAGE BOYS GIRLS

1 = Preadolescent Nipple growth

2 = 1st signs of pubertal change

First pubic hairs

3 = Intermediate Enlargement of penis Height spurt

4 = Intermediate

5 = Adult characteristics

Height growth and final pubic hair growth

Final pubic hair and full breast development

Puberty, cont.

•Sleep

•Age of puberty▫Age range▫Precocious Puberty▫Genes▫Leptin▫Secular trend

Puberty, cont.

•What does all this mean for development?

•So far, what is the picture we have “painted of adolescence”?

•What are some outcomes of not being “on time” for puberty onset?

Onset of puberty

Too Early Too Late

Girls

Boys

Sexual development during adolescence• Primary and secondary sex characteristics

• Sexual experiences may begin, particularly for those early developers

How do adolescents treat bodies?• With all these changes, how do

adolescents respond to their bodies?• Nutritional intake? • How do these changes influence body

image?

Cognitive Development in adolescence

The brain remains in the growth process, influencing adolescent cognitive functioning

•Positive outcomes of brain development

Characteristics of Cognitive Development in Adolescence • Thinking About Oneself

• Adolescent egocentrism

• Personal fable

• Invincibility fable

• Imaginary audience

Cognitive Development

Formal Operational Thought

Hypothetical thought

Deductive reasoning

Inductive reasoning

Cognitive Development

Cognitive Development

Intuitive, Emotional Thought▫Adolescents find it much easier and quicker

to forget about logic and follow their impulses.

•Dual-process model▫The notion that two networks exist within

the human brain, one for emotional and one for analytical processing of stimuli.