NURUL FAZIANA KAMAL

9.BIODIVERSITY

Introduction to Biodiversity.Types of biodiversityFive kingdom system

Biodiversity in Malaysia Biodiversity in term of ecosystem, species and genetic diversity in Malaysia. Biodiversity in crisis Conservation diversity in Malaysia Recent issues and development in biodiversity nationally and internationally.

CONTENT:

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Introduction to Biodiversity.State the type of biodiversity- genetic, species and ecosystem

biodiversity.Explain the hierarchical classification.State the five kingdom classification based on the:

Level of cell organizationOrganismTypes of nutrition

WHAT IS DIVERSITY?

Refer to the TOTAL number of SPECIES, the VARIABILITY of their GENES, and the COMMUNUTIES in which they live.

The number, variety, and genetic variation of different organism found within a specified geographic region.

BIODIVERSITY CAN BE GROUPED INTO:

Genetic diversitySpecies diversity

Ecological diversity

Types of Diversity:

Species diversity Ecological diversity Genetic diversity

The existence of a wide variety of species.

the existence of a wide variety of species in a

natural community habitat.

the existence of a wide variety of genetic variation

within a species

HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION

FIVE-KINGDOM SYSTEM1969

CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM:

THE LEVEL OF CELL ORGANIZATION

LEVEL OF ORGANISM FEEDING MODE

PROKARYOTE UNICELLULAR SAPROPHYTE

EUKARYOTES MULTICELLULAR PHOTOSYNTHETIC

HOLOZOIC

THE FIVE KINGDOM

KINGDOM MONERA

Prokaryote Kingdom consist of simple unicellular

organism Method of feeding are varies

Photoautotroph Chemoautotroph heterotroph

Examples: Bacteria and Blue green algae

KINGDOM PROTISTA

Eukaryotes Simple unicellular or

multicellular organism Photoautotroph or heteretroph Algae

Chlamydomonas Spirogyra Fucus

Protozoa Amoeba Paramecium Euglena

KINGDOM FUNGI

Multicellular eukaryotic organisms that reproduce by spores.

Heterotrophs (feed by extracellular digestion & absorption)

Mostly decomposers (nutrient cycle).

Others are pathogens and parasite.

EXAMPLES?

KINGDOM PLANTAE

Eukaryotic Multicellular organism Chloroplast-equipped producers Photoautotroph

Examples: Bryophyta Pteridophyta Gymnosperma Angiosperma

KINGDOM ANIMALIA

Eukaryotes Multicellular heterotroph (holozoic) Examples:

Porifera Coelenterate Chordata