Chapter 9 Note-taking Guide

Name________________________________________________

Monoatomic Ions

Mono means ________________.

When the metals in groups 1A, 2A and 3A lose electrons, they form

_________________ with positive charges _________________ to their

_________________________.

They keep their names and just put the word _____________________ after it.

____________________ tend to gain electrons to form

_____________________.

The charge of any anion is determined by _____________________ 8 from their

group number.

Elements in group _____________ have a -1 charge and so on.

Their names will have the ending ___________________

For example, oxide, nitride, phosphide….etc

Ions of Transition Metals

The metals of groups 1B-8B form more than one _________________ with

different charges.

The charges of the cations of many ________________________ metal ions must

be determined from the number of electrons lost.

To name these ions, a ____________________________ is used in parentheses

after the name of the element.

For example, Fe+3 would be called iron(III).

Polyatomic Ions

Some ions, called ________________________________, are composed of more

than one atom.

The names of polyatomic ions end in _________________ or

_________________.

There are three other ions that have different endings ___________________,

_________________________ and _________________________.

All ions with ______________________ in them end with an –ite or an –ate.

Refer to your polyatomic table for the names and charges.

Let’s Practice!

Write the name for the following:

Ca+2

Fe+2

Cu+1

Li2CO3

NH4+

NO3-

Br-

NH4NO3

Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds

A __________________________________ is composed of

_____________________ elements and can be either ionic or molecular.

To name any binary ionic compound, place the __________________ first and

then the ____________________ name.

To write a formula for a binary compound, write the symbol of the cation and

then the anion.

Add whatever ___________________ are needed to

________________________ the charges.

BALANCING THE CHARGES IS IMPORTANT!!!!

Balancing Charges Using the Crossdown Method

Write the ________________ first with its ________________.

Then write the _________________ with its ________________.

The ________________ of one ion becomes the __________________ for the

other ion.

You __________________ them down.

If the charges _____________________, then no numbers are needed.

Remember, each compound wants to have a ________________ charge of

_______________.

Let’s Practice!

Write the formulas for the following binary compounds.

Barium sulfide

Calcium nitride

Lithium oxide

Copper(II) iodide

Iron(III) oxide

Compounds with Polyatomic Ions

Write the ________________ and charge for the cation.

Write the _____________________________ and the charge.

_____________________ the charges.

Remember, they must balance to _______________.

Pretend the polyatomic ion is ________________ atom.

If more than one polyatomic ion is needed, put _____________________ around

the polyatomic formula.

REMEMBER TO REDUCE ALL FORMULAS IF THEY CAN BE REDUCED!

Let’s Practice!

Write the formulas for the following:

Calcium nitrate

Sodium carbonate

Calcium phosphate

Naming and Writing Formulas for Covalent (Molecular) Compounds

The ____________________ in the name of the binary compound tells how many

atoms of each element are present in the molecule. (see table 9.4)

The _____________________ for all the compounds is _________________.

Use the ______________________ in the name to tell you the

___________________ of each element in the formula.

Write the correct symbols and the appropriate _____________________.

LET’S PRACTICE!

Write the names/formulas of the following compounds.

CS2

Cl2O7

NI3

Carbon tetrabromide

Diphosphorus trioxide

Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids

An ___________________ is a compound that contains one or more

_____________________ atoms and produces hydrogen ______________ when

dissolved in water.

When the name of the anion ends in ____________________, the acid name

begins with the prefix _____________________ and has the suffix

___________________ and ends in acid.

When the anion name ends in ___________________ the acid name ends in

___________________ followed by acid.

When the anion name ends in ___________________, the acid name ends in

__________________ followed by acid.

LET’S PRACTICE!

Write the name/formula for the following acids:

HBr

H2SO4

Hydrochloric acid

Carbonic acid

HNO2

The Laws of Definite and Multiple Proportions

The _________________________________________________________ states

that in any sample of a chemical compound, the _______________________ of the

elements are always in the same __________________________.

They will always _______________________ in simple

__________________________ ratios.

The _________________________________ states that whenever two elements

form more than one compound, they will be in simple

________________________________ ratios.

Word Equations

Symbols to remember:

_____________________ means yield or produces or makes, it’s like an =sign

in math

_____________________ means add the compounds together

A ______________________ above the arrow, means ____________________ is

added.

___________ means solid or precipitate, _______________ means aqueous or

dissolved in water, ________________ means gas, ______________________ means

liquid.

Reactants must __________________ the products. No random compounds!!

LET’S PRACTICE!

1. Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas combine to form liquid water.

2. Methane gas (CH4) and oxygen gas combine to form carbon dioxide gas and

liquid water.

3. Solid Ammonium carbonate and dissolved calcium nitrate are mixed together.

Dissolved Ammonium nitrate and solid calcium carbonate are made.