CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND ... report_ 1.pdf1 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND...

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND Tourism in Ghana has become a major socio-economic activity and one of the most important

and fastest growing sectors of the Ghanaian economy. Hence, the performance of the sector

needs to be analyzed in order to obtain the most recent and reliable trends in domestic and

international tourism.

The main purpose of this report is to analyze recent trends in domestic and international tourism

in Ghana from 1995 to 2004. This information is essential for making informed decisions on

planning, monitoring, marketing and evaluating programmes and activities of tourism at district,

regional and national levels. It is a useful document for investors, tourism industry operators,

government and the general public.

Ghana’s economy which is largely agro-based was in the past characterized by dwindling foreign

reserves, high inflation, depreciation of the cedi and fluctuating growth.

The development of tourism in an integrated and more sustainable way has helped in increasing

the country’s foreign exchange earnings, stabilized inflation, appreciated the cedi and increased

growth, thereby contributing to reducing poverty in the country.

Furthermore, the promotion of domestic tourism in general and the development of historical,

cultural and natural heritage sites in particular have made tourism a major source of domestic

income for majority of Ghanaians, thus improving the living conditions of many Ghanaians

residing in the countryside where these sites are located.

International tourist arrivals and receipts have been increasing substantially since 1982. In 2004,

the sector attracted more than 500,000 tourists into the country with the corresponding tourist

receipts of 640 million US dollars. In West Africa, Ghana leads its neighbours as the number

one tourist destination. Tourism is the fourth largest foreign exchange earner after cocoa, gold

and remittances from abroad.

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The growth of tourism in this country is a result of the political stability, as well as social,

economic and technological changes that have taken place in the country. It is also due to the

hosting of important events like Pan African Festivals (PANAFEST), Emancipation Day

Celebrations, National Festival of Arts and Culture (NAFAC), among others.

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT

The objectives of the report are to analyse the trends of international tourist arrivals and receipts

into the country, the purpose of visits and tourist expenditure. It is also to analyse visitor arrivals

and revenue accruing to selected major tourist sites and community-based eco-tourism sites, as

well as accommodation capacity in the country from 1995 to 2004.

1.3 THE STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

The report is organized into five chapters. Chapter one is the introduction which includes the

background, objectives, the structure of the report, data sources and the tourist sites in Ghana.

Chapter two presents analysis on international tourist arrivals and the corresponding tourist

receipts. This is further disaggregated by purpose of visit and international tourist expenditure

while chapter three presents analysis on visitor arrivals and revenue accruing to some selected

major tourist sites and community-based eco-tourism sites. Chapter four presents international

air passenger and aircraft movements while chapter five discusses the trends in accommodation

capacity in Ghana.

1.4 DATA SOURCES

Data from the Ghana Tourist Board’s annual reports is the main information used for the report.

Data were also received from Ghana Museums and Monuments Board, Wildlife Division, Ghana

Civil Aviation Authority, Ghana Heritage Conservation Trust, Nature Conservation Research

Centre (NCRC) and Ghana Immigration Service.

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1.5 TOURIST SITES IN GHANA

1.5.1 Selected Major Tourist Sites

The selected major tourist sites in the country include Aburi Botanic Gardens, Accra Zoological

Gardens, Cape Coast Castle and Elmina Castle. Others are Kumasi Zoological Gardens, Kakum

National Park, Shai Hills Resource Reserve and Mole National Park.

Aburi Botanic Gardens is located at Aburi in the Eastern Region. Accra Zoological Gardens is

located in the heart of the city of Accra, in the Greater Accra Region. Cape Coast Castle can be

found in Cape Coast in the Central Region. Elmina Castle is located in Elmina, also in the

Central Region. Kumasi Zoological Gardens is located in the center of Kumasi, in the Ashanti

Region. Kakum National Park is located about 25 kilometers from Cape Coast in the Central

Region. Shai Hills Resource Reserve is situated at Shai, in the Greater Accra Region. It covers

52 square kilometers, made up of five hills, and the highest is 290 metres. Mole National Parks is

found in the Northern region, near Damago. It is the Ghana’s largest national park covering

more than 4,800 square kilometers of woodland savannah with low hills and esxarpments.

1.5.2 Selected Community-Based Eco-Tourism Sites

The selected community-based ecotourism sites are Amedzofe, Boabeng-Fiema Monkey

Sanctuary, Bobiri Forest and Bufferfly Sanctuary and Bunso. Others are Liate Wote, Nzulezu,

Paga Crocodile Pond, Sirigu Traditional Pottery, Art and Architecture and Tafi Atome Monkey

Sanctuary. The rest are Tano Boase Sacred Grove, Tongo Hills, Wechiau Hippo Sanctuary and

Xavi Bird Watching and Cultural Canoe Tours.

Amedzofe is a community-based eco-tourism site in the Volta Region. Boabeng Fiema Monkey

Sanctuary is Ghana’s most famous example of traditional African conservation. It covers 4.4

square kilometer piece of forest. It is situated between two villages, Boabeng and Fiema in the

Brong Ahafo Region. Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Sanctuary is located at Bobiri in the Ashanti

Region. Bunso is in the Eastern Region. Liate Wote Monkey Sanctuary is located in Liate Wote

in the Volta Region while Nzulezu can be found in the Western Region, 90 kilometers west of

Takoradi.

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Paga Crocodile Pond is located at Paga in the Upper East Region. Sirigu is known throughout

Ghanaian history for its pottery, basket weaving and unique symbolic wall decorations. It is

located in Sirigu, in the Upper East Region. Tafi Atome Monkey Sanctuary is located in the

heart of the Volta Region, 43 kilometres south of Hohoe. The Tano Boase Sacred Grove is

found in the Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana.

Tongo Hills constitute a unique cultural landscape and is located in the Upper East Region.

Wechiau Hippo Sanctuary, a community protected area, is located at the extreme north-western

corner of the Upper West Region of Ghana. Xavi Birds Watching and Cultural Canoe Tours is a

community-based eco-tourism project located in Akatsi District in the Volta Region of Ghana.

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CHAPTER TWO

INTERNATIONAL TOURIST ARRIVALS AND RECEIPTS, 1995 – 2004

2.1 TRENDS OF INTERNATIONAL TOURIST ARRIVALS AND RECEIPTS

Tables 2.1 and 2.2 show the trends of international tourist arrivals and tourist receipts.

International tourist arrivals and receipts in Ghana showed consistent improvement during the

period, 1995 – 2004.

Trends of international tourist arrivals during the decade, 1995 – 2004, showed an annual growth

rate of 6.5 percent during the first half of the decade and increased to 9.4 percent during the

second half of the decade. For the entire ten year period, 1995 – 2004, international arrivals grew

at an average annual rate of 8.0 percent. The least growth rate of 5.4 percent was recorded in

1995 while the highest growth rate of 10.0 percent was recorded in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004.

In absolute terms, international tourist arrivals increased by 297,800, registering 104.1 percent

increase, between 1995 and 2004.

In 2004, the final figures for international tourism showed an increase of 10.0 percent for arrivals

and 7.7 percent for tourist receipts. The annual trends in arrivals and receipts could constitute a

reliable indicator for monitoring growth in the tourism industry.

The trend in growth in international tourist receipts (tourist spending in the country excluding

international transport) showed a similar pattern as that of international tourist arrivals. Tourist

receipts during the second half of the decade increased at an annual rate of 16.5 percent

compared to 6.0 percent in the first half of the decade. The overall growth rate in tourist receipts

for the decade registered 11.3 percent a year. From 1995 to 2004, tourist receipts grew by over

400 million US dollars, registering 178.5 percent increase. International tourist receipts

registered the least growth rate of 2.5 percent in 1995 while the highest growth rate of 16.0

percent was recorded in 2001, 2002 and 2003.

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Table 2.1 International Tourist Arrivals and Receipts, 1995 – 2004 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Arrivals (000’s)

% annual change

286.0 304.9 325.4 348.0 372.7 399.0 438.8 482.6 530.8 583.8

5.4 6.6 6.7 6.9 7.1 7.1 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Receipts (million US $ ) % annual change

233.2 248.8 265.6 284.0 304.1 386.0 447.8 519.6 602.8 649.4 2.5 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 26.9 16.0 16.0 16.0 7.7

Source: Ghana Tourist Board

Table 2.2 Trends of International Tourist Arrivals and Receipts, 1995-2004

Category

Increase between Average Annual Growth Rate (%) 1995 and 2004 1995 – 1999 2000 – 2004 1995 - 2004

Tourist Arrivals In thousands Tourism Receipts (million US $)

297.8 6.5 9.4 8.0 416.2 6.0 16.5 11.3


Figure 2.1: International Tourist Arrivals and Receipts, 1995 – 2004

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Year

Num

ber o

f Arri

vals

and

Rec

eipt

s

Arrivals('000)

Receipts(millionUS $ )

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2.2 TRENDS OF INTERNATIONAL TOURIST ARRIVALS IN GHANA BY NATIONALITY, 1999 – 2004

Table 2.3 presents the trends of international tourist arrivals in Ghana by nationality from 1999

to 2004. Ghanaians resident overseas constituted the highest number of tourists, representing

27.2 percent of the total tourists into the country in 2004. This segment showed an average

annual growth rate of 9.02 percent during the period.

Nigerians recorded the second highest international tourists into the country. International

tourists from Nigeria to Ghana increased considerably from 1999 to 2004. The Nigerian share

was the second highest in 1999 and 2004, recording 13.74 percent and 13.72 percent

respectively. Tourist arrivals from Nigeria increased at an average annual rate of 8.98 percent

between 1999 and 2004.

Trips made by tourists from United Kingdom (U.K.) constituted the third biggest flow of

international tourists into Ghana. The trips were 50,547 in 2004 and 32,300 in 1999, an increase

of 18,247 tourists during the period. It registered an average annual growth rate of 9.00 percent

between 1999 and 2004. The UK’s market share in 1996 and 2004 were 8.67 percent and 8.65

percent respectively.

The United States of America was the fourth in overall share of arrivals with 6.60 percent of the

market share in 1999 and 6.59 percent in 2004. The United States of America recorded 24,600

arrivals in 1999, and this increased to 38,508 in 2004. Even though USA’s market share

remained almost the same, its arrivals had increased at an average annual rate of 8.97 percent

during the period.

Germanys recorded 17,980 tourist arrivals in the country in 1999. In 2004, the arrivals increased

to 28,168, registering 56.7 percent increase, at an average annual growth rate of 9.01 percent

during the period. Its market share in 1999 was 4.8 percent and it increased to 4.83 percent in

2004.

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Cote D’Ivorie recorded 17,916 international tourist arrivals in 1999 and this number increased to

28,069 arrivals, representing 56.7 percent increase, at an average annual growth rate of 9.07

percent between 1996 and 2004. Cote D’Ivoire’s market share was strong, showing a share of

4.8 percent in 1999 and 4.83 percent in 2004.

France recorded the least growth rate of 1.53 percent from 1999 to 2004. Between the same

period, tourists from the country to Ghana increased by 56.7 percent. The market share in 1999

was 3.6 percent and it increased to 3.61 percent in 2004.

The heading ‘other’ represents many countries whose individual percentage share of arrivals is

low. It constituted 20.31 percent market share in 1999 and 20.32 percent in 2004, accounting

for an average annual growth rate of 11.65 percent during the period.

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Table 2.3: Trends of International Tourist Arrivals in Ghana by Nationality, 1999 – 2004

Percentage change Market Average annual Number of Arrivals (in thousands) over previous year share (%) growth rate (%)

Origin 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 99/98 00/99 04/03 1999 2004 1999 – 2003 USA

24.6

26.3

28.9

31.8

35.0

38.5 7.0 6.9

10.0

6.60

6.59

8.97

UK 32.3 34.6 38.9 41.8 46.0 50.5 7.3 7.1 9.8 8.67 8.65 9.01

Germany 18.0 19.3 21.2 23.3 25.6 28.2 7.1 7.2 10.2 4.83 4.83 9.01

France 13.5 14.4 15.9 17.4 19.2 21.1 -37.5 6.7 9.9 3.61 3.61 1.53

Netherlands 9.0 9.7 10.6 11.6 12.9 14.1 7.1 7.7 9.3 2.42 2.42 9.02

Canada 5.0 5.4 5.9 6.5 7.1 7.8 6.4 8.0 9.9 1.34 1.34 8.82

Switzerland 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0 5.5 6.1 8.6 10.0 0.94 0.94 8.90

Scandinavia 5.0 5.3 5.9 6.4 7.1 7.8 8.7 6.0 9.9 1.34 1.34 9.22

Italy 4.5 4.9 5.3 5.9 6.5 7.1 7.1 8.9 9.2 1.22 1.22 9.15

Cote D’lvoire 17.9 19.2 21.1 23.2 25.5 28.1 7.2 7.3 10.2 4.81 4.81 9.07

Nigeria 51.1 54.8 60.2 66.2 72.9 80.1 7.1 7.0 9.9 13.72 13.72 8.98

Togo 11.2 11.9 13.1 14.4 15.9 17.5 7.7 6.3 10.1 2.99 2.99 9.08

Overseas Ghanaians 101.4 108.6 119.5 131.4 144.9 159.0 7.1 7.1 9.7 27.2 27.22 9.02

Other 75.7 80.2 89.0 98.0 107.2 118.5 22.9 5.9 10.5 20.32 20.32 11.65

Total 372.7 399.0 438.8 482.5 530.8 583.8 7.1 7.1 10.0 100 100 9.0 Source: Ghana Tourist Board

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2.3 TRENDS OF INTERNATIONAL TOURIST ARRIVALS IN GHANA BY

REGION, 1996 – 2003

Tables 2.4 and 2.5 present the trends of international tourist arrivals in Ghana by region between

1996 and 2003. Trends of international tourist arrivals into the country by region indicated an

average annual growth rate of 9.26 percent in the second half of the period, 2000 – 2003 and an

average annual growth rate of 6.84 percent in the first half of the period, 1996 - 1999. Between

1995 and 2003, the total number of international tourist arrivals into the country increased by

244,827, registering 85.6 percent increase, at an average annual growth rate of 8.0 percent.

Middle East recorded the highest growth rate, registering 8.056 percent growth a year, on

average, over the eight years period.

The Americas registered the second highest growth of 8.051 percent a year, followed by Europe,

8.048 percent, between 1996 and 2003. Similarly, Africa recorded an average annual growth

rate of 8.046 percent while East Asia/ Pacific registered 8.045 percent during the period.

In 2003, Africa contributed more than 61 percent of the total tourist arrivals followed by Europe,

25.0 percent, the Americas, 8.4 percent, while East Asia/Pacific and Middle East registered 4.8

percent and 0.8 percent respectively.

During the same period, the total number of international tourists from Africa into Ghana

increased by 149,942, while Europe and the Americas grew by 60,690 and 20,562 respectively.

East Asia/Pacific and Middle East’s share of international tourist arrivals grew by 11,776 and

1,854 respectively.

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Table 2.4: International Tourist Arrivals in Ghana by Region, 1995-2003

Arrivals

Region 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Africa

175,159

186,709

199,313

213,101

228,229

244,363

268,760

295,591

325,101

Americas

24,019

25,603

2,7331

29,222

31,297

33,509

36,855

40,534

44,581

East Asia/Pacific

13,756

14,663

15,653

16,736

17,924

19,191

21,107

23,214

25,532

Europe

70,897

75,572

80,673

86,254

92,377

98,908

108,783

119,643

131,587

Middle East

2,169

2,312

2,468

2,639

2,827

3,026

3,329

3,661

4,023

Total Arrivals

286,000

304,859

325438

347,952

372,653

399,000

438,834

482,643

530,827


Table 2.5: Trends of International Tourist Arrivals in Ghana by Region, 1996-2003

Arrivals (000’s)

Increase between

Market Share

(%) Average Annual Growth Rate (%)

Region 1995 1996 1999 2000 2003 1996 & 2003 1996 2003 1996-1999 2000-2003 1996-2003 Africa

175.16

186.71

228.23

244.37

325.10

149.9

61.25

61.24

6.84

9.25

8.046

Americas

24.02

25.60

31.30

33.51

44.58

20.56

8.39

8.40

6.85

9.25

8.051

East Asia/Pacific

13.76

14.66

17.92

19.19

25.53

11.77

4.81

4.81

6.83

9.26

8.045

Europe

70.90

75.57

92.38

98.90

131.59

60.69

24.79

24.79

6.84

9.26

8.048

Middle East

2.17

2.31

2.83

3.03

4.03

1.86

0.76

0.76

6.87

9.25

8.056

Total Arrivals

286.00

304.85

372.65

399.00

530.83

244.83

100.00

100.00

6.84

9.26

8.049


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2.4 TOP FOURTEEN MARKETS, 2003

Table 2.6 presents the ranking of international tourist arrivals for the top fourteen countries in

2003. The countries were classified according to their contribution to tourist arrivals into the

country.

Nigeria topped the group, contributing 13.7 percent of the year’s total arrivals, registering 10.2

percent growth in 2003 over the 2002 figure.

Out of the fourteen countries which contributed 57.5 percent of the total tourist arrivals into the

country, Nigeria, United Kingdom and United States of America contributed 29.0 percent of the

arrivals.

Half of the fourteen countries are from Western Africa, and they contributed 28.9 percent of the

tourist arrivals.

Five countries, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Netherlands and Italy, which are European

countries, contributed more than 20.0 percent of the total arrivals in 2003.

United States of America and Canada registered 7.9 percent of the arrivals.

With regards to annual growth, all the 14 countries exhibited positive and the same growth rate

with the exception of Nigeria which registered 10.2 percent increase in 2003 over 2002 figure.

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Table 2.6: Ranking of International Tourist Arrivals from Top Fourteen Countries, 2003

Rank

Country

Tourist Arrivals (in thousands)

2003

Growth Rate (%) 96/95 99/98 03/02

% of Total Arrivals

2003 1

Nigeria

72.9

6.6

7.1

10.2

13.7

2

U. K.

45.9

6.6

7.1

10.0

8.7

3

U. S. A

35.0

6.6

7.1

10.0

6.6

4

Germany

25.6

6.6

7.1

10.0

4.8

5

Cote D’lvoire

25.5

6.6

7.1

10.0

4.8

6

France

19.2

6.6

7.1

10.0

3.6

7

Togo

15.9

6.6

7.1

10.0

3.0

8

Liberia

13.9

6.6

7.1

10.0

2.6

9

Netherlands

12.9

6.6

7.1

10.0

2.4

10

Mali

8.6

6.6

7.1

10.0

1.6

11

Niger

8.4

6.6

7.1

10.0

1.6

12

Burkina Faso

8.4

6.6

7.1

10.0

1.6

13

Canada

7.1

6.6

7.1

10.0

1.3

14

Italy

6.4

6.6

7.1

10.0

1.2

Total 1 - 14

305.9

6.7

7.1

13.0

57.5

TOTAL TOURISTS 530.9 6.6 7.1 10.0 100.0 Source: Ghana Tourist Board

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2.5 INTERNATIONAL TOURIST ARRIVALS BY PURPOSE OF VISIT, 1996-2004

Table 2.7 presents the trends of international tourist arrivals in Ghana by purpose of visit from

1996 to 2004.

Between 1996 and 2004 about 30.0 percent of the international tourists visiting Ghana came for

holiday/vacation. From 1996 to 2000, this category of tourists increased at an annual rate of 6.9

percent whilst it increased to 10.0 percent, a year, during the period 2001-2004. Between 1996

and 2004, holiday/vacation tourists increased at an average annual rate of 8.3 percent. In

absolute terms, holiday/vacation tourists into the country increased by 88,500 between 1996 and

2004.

Slightly more than one-fifth of all international tourist arrivals into the country constituted

business tourism. During the period, 1996 to 2004, visits for business increased at an average

annual rate of 8.3 percent whilst from 2001 to 2004, the rate was 10.0 percent. It recorded an

average annual growth rate of 6.9 percent between 1996 and 2000

About 20.0 percent of all arrivals visited family and friends and the number of arrivals increased

at an average annual rate of 8.3 percent during the period, 1996 – 2004. For the first half of the

period, 1996-2000, the average annual growth rate was 6.9 percent while in the second half of

the period, 2001-2004, it recorded an average annual growth rate of 10.0 percent.

International tourists who arrived for government/official duty accounted for 10.7 percent of the

total arrivals. This category of visitors increased at an average annual rate of 8.3 percent during

the period, 6.9 percent was recorded as the average annual growth rate from 1996 to 2000 while

10.0 percent was recorded as the average yearly growth rate from 2001 to 2004.

Sports, convention, culture, health, study/teaching and transit each contributed less than 4

percent of the visitors into the country and each category recorded an average annual growth rate

of 8.3 percent for the period, 1996 – 2004.

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Table 2.7: International Tourist Arrivals by Purpose of Visit, 1996-2004

Arrivals (000’s) Market Share

(%) Average Annual Growth

Rate (%) Group 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Increase in Arrivals Between

1996 & 2004

% Change 04\03 1996 2004 96-00 01-04 96-04

Business

70.7

80.7

92.6

112.0

135.4

64.7

10.0

23.2

23.2

6.9

10.0

8.3

Holiday\vacation

96.6

110.3

126.5

153.0

185.1

88.5

10.0

31.7

31.7

6.9

10.0

8.3

Visiting family & Friends 60.7 69.2 79.4 96.0 116.2 55.5 10.0 19.9 19.9 6.9 10.0 8.3 Convention

8.8

10.1

11.6

14.0

16.9

8.1

9.7

3.0

2.9

6.9

9.9

8.3

Official/ Government

32.6

37.2

42.7

51.6

62.5

29.9

10.0

10.7

10.7

6.9

10.0

8.3

Culture

0.6

0.7

0.8

1.0

1.2

0.6

10.4

0.2

0.2

6.9

10.0

8.2

Study/Teaching

7.6

8.7

10.0

12.1

14.6

7.0

9.8

2.5

2.5

7.1

9.9

8.3

Health

7.6

8.7

10.0

12.1

14.6

7.0

98

2.5

2.5

7.1

9.9

8.3

Sports

11.0

12.5

14.4

17.4

21.0

10.0

9.9

3.6

3.5

6.9

9.9

8.2

Transit

8.8

10.1

11.6

14.0

16.9

8.6

9.7

2.7

2.9

6.9

9.9

8.2

Total

305.0

348.2

399.6

483.2

584.4

279.9

10.0

100

100

6.9

10.0

8.3


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2.6 INTERNATIONAL TOURIST EXPENDITURE, 1996-2003

Table 2.8 presents the trends of international tourist expenditure by category from 1996 to 2003.

Expenditure on accommodation topped all the other categories, accounting for 29.0 percent in

1996 and 31.2 percent in 2003. Expenditure on accommodation in 1996 was 72 million US

dollars and it increased to 187 million US dollars in 2003, showing an increase of 159.7 percent,

at an average annual growth rate of 13.7 percent during the period. Tourist expenditure on

accommodation registered an average annual growth rate of 8.8 percent between 1996 and 1999

and 18.6 percent between 2000 and 2003.

Tourists’ spending on entertainment was the second most important category and showed the

highest growth rate of 28.9 percent. Sixty-two million US dollars was spent on entertainment in

1996. This figure rose to 96.5 million US dollars in 2003, registering 55.6 percent increase, at an

average annual growth rate of 28.0 percent during the period. Between 1996 and 1999,

expenditure on entertainment increased at an average annual rate of 37.4 percent while 18.7

percent was recorded as the average annual growth rate from 2000 – 2003.

Spending on food and beverages was the third highest category, indicating a share of 13.0

percent in 1996 and 16.2 percent in 2003. In 1996, 32 million US dollars was spent on food and

beverages and this figure increased to 96.5 million US dollars in 2003, registering 198.8 percent

increase, at an average annual growth rate of 12.7 percent between 1996-2003. It registered an

average annual growth rate of 6.7 percent between 1996 and 1999, 18.7 percent between 2000

and 2003 and an over all increase of 12.7 percent a year between 1996 and 2003.

Expenditure on shopping (formal) was the fourth, accounting for 10.1 percent of the total

expenditure in 2003 and 9.0 percent in 1996. Expenditure on formal shopping increased at an

average annual rate of 14.3 percent during the period. Informal shopping was the fifth,

registering 169.2 percent increase, at average annual growth rate of 13.7 percent between 1996

and 2003. Its share in 1996 was 9.0 percent and it increased to 10.1 percent in 2003.

International tourist spending on local transportation was the sixth, but showed the second

highest growth rate, accounting for 8.1 percent of the total expenditure in 2003 and 9.0 percent in

1996. Expenditure on local transportation grew at an average annual rate of 13.1 percent from

1996 to 1999, 18.8 percent from 2000 to 2003 and the overall average annual growth rate

between 1996 and 2003 was 16.0 percent.

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Table 2.8: Trends of Tourist Expenditure by Category, 1996–2003 Market Share

(%)

Average Annual Growth rate

(%)

Category

Expenditure in Million US

dollars 1996 1998 2000 2003

Increase in expenditure between 1996 & 2003 1996 2003 1996-99 2000-03 1996-03

Local Transportation

22.4

22.7

30.9

48.2

35.8

9.0

8.1

13.1

18.8

16.0

Shopping (Formal Market)

22.4

28.4

38.6

60.3

37.9

9.0

10.1

9.8

18.8

14.3

Shopping (Non-formal Market)

22.4

22.7

38.6

60.3

37.9

9.0

10.1

8.5

18.8

13.7

Food and Beverages

32.3

42.6

61.8

96.5

64.2

13.0

16.2

6.7

18.7

12.7

Accommodation

72.2

93.7

119.7

186.8

114.6

29.0

31.2

8.8

18.6

13.7

Entertainment (Recreation)

62.2

45.4

61.8

96.5

34.3

25

16.2

37.4

18.7

28.0

Other Expenditure

14.9

28.4

30.9

48.2

33.3

6.0

8.1

6.1

18.8

12.4

Total Expenditure

248.8

283.9

382.3

596.8

348.0

100.0

100.0

6.6

18.8

12.7


18

CHAPTER THREE

VISITATION TO SELECTED TOURIST SITES, 1995 – 2004

3.1 TOTAL VISITOR ARRIVALS AND REVENUE ACCRUING TO SELECTED

MAJOR TOURIST SITES, 1995 - 2004

Tables 3.1 and 3.2 present the trends of total visitor arrivals and revenue accruing to selected

major tourist sites, from 1995 to 2004. Visitor arrivals to selected tourist sites in the country

increased at an average annual rate of 22.9 percent from 1996 to 1999. From 2000 to 2004,

arrivals to these sites decreased by 3.2 percent a year. However, the overall average annual

growth rate from 1996 to 2004 was 8.4 percent.

In 1996, 205,300 visitors were recorded in these sites. This figure increased to 353,400 in 2004,

registering 72.1 percent increase. The years 2001, 2002, and 2003 showed a decline compared

to the preceding years, but showed a positive growth rate of 6.7 percent in 2004.

Unlike the number of arrivals, revenue from these sites had increased about forty fold to 2.599

billion cedis, registering 1079.2 percent increase, at an average annual growth rate of 62.6

percent from 1996 to 2004. However, the least growth rate of 3.0 percent was recorded in 2003.

Table 3.1 Total Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Selected Major Tourist Sites,

1995 – 2004 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

Arrivals(thousands)

186.6

205.3

259.2

325.4

421.9

425.5

371.5

365.6

331.3

353.4

Yearly change (%)

-

10.0

26.3

25.5

29.7

0.9

-12.7

-1.6

-9.4

6.7

Revenue (million cedis)

64.4

220.4

286.0

623.5

698.1

1244.2

1560.5

1970.1

2028.5

2599.0

Yearly change (%)

-

242.2

29.8

118.0

12.0

78.2

25.4

26.3

3.0

28.1

Source: Ghana Museums and Monuments Board, Ghana Heritage Conservation Trust and Wildlife Division

19

Table 3.2 Trends of Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Selected Major Tourist

Sites, 1996 – 2004

Average Annual Growth Rate (%) Increase Between

1996 and 2004 1996 – 1999 2000-2004 1996-2004 Tourist Arrivals (‘000)

148.1

22.9

-3.2

8.4


2,378.6

100.5

32.2

62.6

Source: Ghana Museums and Monuments Board Ghana Heritage Conservation Trust and Wildlife Division

Fig 3.1: Total Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Selected Major Tourist Sites

1995 - 2004

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Year

Nu

mb

er o

f A

rriv

als

and

Rev

enu

e

Arrivals(thousand)

Revenue(millioncedis)

20

3.2 VISITOR ARRIVALS AND REVENUE ACCRUING TO SPECIFIC SELECTED

TOURIST SITES, 1995 – 2004

Tables 3.3, 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6 present the trends of visitor arrivals and revenue accruing to specific

selected major tourist sites in Ghana from 1995 to 2004.

Aburi Botanic Gardens

Visitor arrivals to the Aburi Botanic Gardens showed a modest increase (2.1 percent) over the

seven years period, 1998 – 2004 (Table 3.4). In 1998, 65,100 visitor arrivals were recorded at

the site. This figure reduced to 59,700 in 2004, however, the site registered an average annual

growth rate of 2.1 percent over the seven years period. The site contributed 20 percent in 1998,

15.4 percent in 2003 and 16.9 percent in 2004 of the total arrivals to these sites in the country.

Between 1998 and 2000, arrivals to the site grew at an average annual rate of 7.6 percent, but

recorded a negative growth rate of 2.0 percent between 2001 and 2004.

Total revenue from Aburi Botanic Gardens in 1998 was 62.1 million cedis. This figure rose to

425 million cedis in 2004, registering 584.4 percent increase, growing at 25.2 percent a year,

during the seven years period. Between 1998 and 2000, revenue from the site experienced an

increase of 17.1 percent a year while from 2001 to 2004, revenue grew by 31.2 percent a year.

Accra Zoological Gardens

Accra Zoological Gardens recorded appreciable tourist arrivals between 1995 and 2004. In

1995, the site registered 52,000 visitor arrivals and in 1998 the figure increased to 85,600. In

2004, however, this number reduced to 85,400, recording a reduction of 0.2 percent, representing

an average annual growth rate of 11.1 percent for the period. The site’s share of total arrivals in

1998 was 26.3 percent, and it was the highest in the country, while in 2004, its share was 24.2

percent which was also the highest arrivals recorded in the year. The site recorded the highest

share of visitor arrivals in 1998, 2000 and 2004. It showed a continuous increase from 1995 –

2000 and dipped in 2001 and 2002 and recorded a gradual increase in subsequent years.

(Table 3.4)

21

Revenue from Accra Zoological Gardens in 1998 was 16.8 million cedis. By 2004, the total

revenue from the site had risen to 197.5 million cedis, accounting for 1,078.6 percent increase, at

an average annual growth rate of 52.2 percent, from 1998 to 2004. Its share of the total arrivals

was 3.7 percent in 1996 and it doubled in 2004. Of the total of 2.599 billion cedis realized in

2004, Accra Zoo contributed 7.6 percent. Unlike the visitor arrivals, revenue from the site

increased during the period.

Cape Coast Castle

Cape Coast Castle is one of the key tourist sites in the country. Arrivals to the castle in 1995

were 28,700 and this number rose to 36,800 in 2004, registering an increase of 28.2 percent.

Between 1998 and 2000, visitor arrivals to the site increased by 3.3 percent a year while between

2001 and 2004, it recorded an average annual growth rate of 6.3 percent. The overall average

annual growth rate between 1998 and 2004 was 5.0 percent. The castle’s share in 1998 was 11.3

percent while in 2004 the share reduced to 10.4 percent. Arrivals to the site showed a continuous

increase from 1995 to 1999 but dipped in 2000, 2002 and 2003 respectively.

In 1995, Cape Coast Castle realized 24.6 million cedis as revenue. For the ten years period,

1995 – 2004, revenue had increased by over ten times; i.e. 273.0 million cedis. From 1998 to

2004, revenue from the Castle increased at an average annual rate of 28.2 percent while from

1998 – 2000, revenue grew at an average annual rate of 46.5 percent. From 2001 to 2004, it

recorded an average annual growth rate of 14.4 percent. In 1998, it realised 81.1 million cedis,

representing 13.0 percent share whilst in 2004 its share decreased to 10.0 percent.

Elmina Castle

Elmina Castle follows Aburi Botanic Gardens in terms of visitor arrivals to these sites. Arrivals

to the Elmina Castle reached 28,400 in 1995. In ten years time, the figure reached 49,300,

representing 73.6 percent increase. In 1998, the site’s share was 18.2 percent, while in 2004 its

share reduced to 14.0 percent. The site registered an average annual growth of 44.7 percent of

arrivals, from 1998 to 2000 while 11.9 percent was recorded as the average annual growth rate,

from 1998 - 2004. Between 2001 and 2004, it recorded a reduction in arrivals of 12.7 percent a

year. The site showed a continuous increase in arrivals from 1995 to 2000 but dipped in 2001,

2002 and 2003 and showed a slight increase in 2004 over 2003 figure.

22

Revenue from the Elmina Castle constituted the third biggest visitor revenue after Kakum

National Park and Aburi Botanic Gardens. Its contribution in 1995 was 26.5 million cedis. This

figure reached 292.5 million cedis in 2004, representing 1,003.8 percent increase. Its share was

14.8 percent in 1998 and it reduced to 11.3 percent in 2004 even though its revenue increased

considerably over the years, with the exception of 2004 in which it recorded a slight decrease.

Between 1998 and 2000, arrivals to the site increased at an average annual rate of 45.4 percent.

From 2001 – 2004, it recorded 10.9 percent yearly increase while it recorded an average annual

growth rate of 25.7 percent between 1998 and 2004.

Kakum National Park

Visitor arrivals to Kakum National Park continued to increase as it showed the second highest

growth rate during the period. Visitor arrivals to the site in 1995 were 22,300. In 1998, the site

registered 59,000 visitors, and for seven years, 2004, the site recorded 73,600 visitor arrivals,

representing 24.7 percent, and growing at an average annual rate of 16.9 percent. The market

share of the site increased nearly by 100.0 percentage points in 2002 compared to 1998, topping

arrivals in the year. Between 1998 and 2000, arrivals to the site increased by 25.3 percent a year

while between 2001 and 2004, arrivals to the site grew by 10.7 percent a year. Visitors to the

site increased substantially from 1997 to 2002 but dipped in 2003.

In 1998, the site generated almost 300 million cedis in revenue, representing 3340.0 percent over

the preceding year. In 1997 there was a sharp decline in revenue, but in 1998, the site

experienced a substantial rise in revenue and continued thereafter. More than 1.2 billion cedis

was realized from the site in 2004, representing 46.7 percent of the total revenue from selected

major tourist sites, and an increase of 28.3 percent over 2003 figure. From 1998 to 2004,

revenue from the site grew at 71.9 percent a year.

23

Kumasi Zoological Gardens

In 1995, visitor arrivals to Kumasi Zoological Gardens were 51,500. The lowest visitor arrivals

were recorded in the year 2000, (24,800) while the highest arrivals were recorded in 2002,

(73,300). The site recorded a dip in arrivals in 2003 and 2004. Between 1998 and 2004, visitor

arrivals to the site increased at an average annual rate of 7.4 percent while between 2001 and

2004, it recorded an average annual growth rate of 25.5 percent. The site registered a negative

growth of 16.7 percent a year, between 1998 and 2000. However, the share of the site to total

visitor arrivals was 10.9 percent in 1998 and this increased to 20.0 percent in 2002 but reduced to

12.4 percent in 2004.

In 1995, Kumasi Zoo generated 8.5 million cedis. Revenue from the site increased to 130.7

million cedis in 2004, representing 1437.6 percent increase. Between 1998 and 2004, revenue

from the site increased at an average annual rate of 35.6 percent. Its market share in 1998 was

1.0 percent while in 2004 its share rose to 5.0 percent. Between 1998 and 2004, revenue from

the site increased at an average annual rate of 35.6 percent.

Mole National Park

Mole National Park is the main tourist site in the northern Ghana. Tourist arrivals to the site

increased considerably between 1995 and 1998 but dipped in 1999 and 2000. In 1998, the Park

registered 1.5 percent as share of visitor arrivals, and in 2002, the share increased to 1.8 percent.

Between 1998 and 2002, the site registered an average annual growth rate of 3.5 percent in

visitor arrivals.

Revenue from the site increased from 1995 to 2000, except in 1997. In 1996, the site realized

3.4 million cedis in revenue. The following year, 1997, it recorded a decrease in revenue, (3.0

million cedis). In 2000, the site recorded 63.6 million cedis, showing an increase of 835.3

percent over 1999 figure. Revenue to the site recorded an average annual growth rate of 313.7

percent during the period, 1998 to 2000. In 1998, the site recorded a share of 0.9 percent and

this increased to 5.0 percent in 2000.

24

Shai Hills Resource Reserve

Shai Hills Resource Reserve showed the greatest growth rate in visitor arrivals from 1998 to

2004, despite the fact that it recorded low arrival figures. Shai Hills recorded 1,100 visitor

arrivals in 1998, and seven years after, the figure increased to 4,900, registering 345.5 percent

increase, at an average annual growth rate of 49.7 percent. Of the total 353,400 arrivals in 2004,

4,900 were visitors to Shai Hills Resource Reserve. Between 1998 and 2000, total arrivals to the

site increased at an average annual rate of 63.9 percent whilst it recorded 35.5 percent average

annual rate between 2001 and 2004. The site recorded a low share of 0.3 percent of arrivals in

1998 but this increased to 1.9 percent in 2004.

Shai Hills Resource Reserve recorded a market share of 0.5 percent of revenue in 1998 and 2.5

percent in 2004. Revenue from Shai Hills showed continuous increase during the period, even

though the revenue from the site was low compared to other sites. In 1996, the site generated

1.4 million cedis. In 1998, the figure doubled, amounting to 3.2 million cedis. The site recorded

65.5 million cedis in 2004, registering an increase of over 100 percent over 2003 figure.

Revenue from the site registered an average annual growth rate of 84.5 percent from 1998 -

2004.

Table: 3.3: Visitor Arrivals to Selected Major Tourist Sites, 1995 – 2004

(Thousands of Arrivals)

Attraction Site

95

96

97

98

99

00

01

02

03

04



Cape Coast Castle

Elmina Castle

Kakum National Park


Mole National Park


-

52.0

28.7

28.4

22.3

51.5

3.4

0.3

-

64.9

29.8

22.3

19.0

65.3

3.6

0.4

53.3

61.3

32.5

34.4

27.8

45.5

4.0

0.5

65.1

85.6

36.6

59.1

37.5

35.4

5.0

1.1

64.0

139.7

41.4

81.6

52.2

37.5

3.4

2.1

65.6

140.0

34.9

101.3

53.1

24.8

4.0

1.7

71.2

67.8

39.3

84.5

69.2

37.7

-

2.4

63.1

64.8

31.6

44.7

76.8

73.3

6.7

4.7

58.5

82.6

23.2

39.8

59.2

63.2

-

4.4

59.7

85.4

36.8

49.3

73.6

43.7

-

4.9

Total Arrivals

186.6

205.3

259.2

325.4

421.9

425.5

371.5

365.6

331.3

353.4

Source: Ghana Museums and Monuments Board and Wildlife Division

25

Table 3.4: Trends of Visitor Arrivals to Selected Major Tourist Sites, 1998 – 2004 Attraction Site

Arrivals (in thousands) 98 00 02 04

Market share (%) 98 00 02 04

Yearly change Average Annual (%) Growth rate (%) 03/02 04/03 98-00 01-04 98-04


65.1

65.6

63.1

59.7

20.0

15.4

17.3

16.9

-7.3

2.1

7.6

-2.0

2.1

Accra Zoo

85.6

140.0

64.8

82.6

26.3

32.9

17.7

24.2

27.5

3.4

34.3

-6.3

11.1

Cape Coast Castle

36.6

34.9

31.6

23.2

11.3

8.2

8.6

10.4

-26.6

58.6

3.3

6.3

5.0

Elmina Castle

59.1

101.3

44.7

39.8

18.2

23.8

12.2

14.0

-11.0

23.9

44.7

-12.7

11.9

Kakum National Park

37.5

53.1

76.8

59.2

11.5

12.5

21.0

20.8

-22.9

24.3

25.39

10.7

16.9

Kumasi Zoo

35.4

24.8

73.3

63.6

10.9

5.8

20.0

12.4

-13.2

-31.3

-16.7

25.4

7.4

Mole National Park

5.0

4.0

6.7

-

1.5

1.5

1.8

-

-

-

3.5

-

-


1.1

1.7

4.7

4.4

0.3

0.4

1.4

1.9

-6.40

11.4

63.9

35.5

49.7

TOTAL

325.4

425.5

365.6

353.4

100

100

100

100

-9.4

6.7

18.7

-4.3

5.6


26

Table 3.5: Revenue Accruing to Specific Selected Major Tourist Sites, 1995 – 2004

(revenue in million cedis)

Attraction Site

95

96

97

98

99

00

01

02

03

04


-

62.2

115.8

126.7

154.5

185.3

285.0

518.4

344.5

425.5


8.8

11.0

11.1

16.8

26.1

47.0

59.8

72.2

117.1

197.5

Cape Coast Castle

24.6

30.8

65.1

81.1

81.7

175.1

253.3

235.5

207.0

273.0

Elmina Castle

26.5

35.6

72.3

91.6

99.5

199.9

214.8

293.3

294.0

292.5

Kakum National Park

-

65.4

8.5

292.4

319.0

544.1

704.3

774.1

946.5

1,214.3


8.5

10.4

8.5

6.3

7.3

17.2

29.2

52.0

88.0

130.7

Mole National Park

-

3.4

3.0

5.4

6.8

63.6

-

-

-

-


-

1.4

1.7

3.2

3.2

12.0

14.1

24.6

31.4

65.5

TOTAL

68.4

220.4

28.6

623.5

698.1

1244.2

1560.5

1970.1

2028.5

2599.0


27

Table 3.6: Trends of Revenue Accruing to Specific Selected Major Tourist Sites, 1998 – 2004

Attraction Site

Revenue in million cedis

98 00 02 04

Market share (%)

98 00 02 04

Growth Rate (%) 03/02 04/03

Average Annual Growth Rate (%)

98-00 01-04 98-04 Aburi Botanic Gardens

126.7

185.3

518.4

425.5

20.3

14.9

26.3

16.4

-33.5

23.5

17.1

31.2

25.2

Accra Zoo

16.8

47.0

72.2

197.5

2.7

3.8

3.7

7.6

62.2

68.7

62.3

44.7

52.2

Cape Coast Castle

81.1

175.1

235.5

273.0

13.0

14.1

12.0

10.5

-12.1

48.5

46.5

14.4

28.2

Elmina Castle

91.6

199.9

293.3

292.5

14.7

16.1

14.9

11.3

0.2

-0.5

45.4

10.9

25.7

Kakum National Park

292.4

544.1

774.1

1214.3

46.9

43.7

39.3

46.7

22.3

28.3

1139.9

22.5

71.9

Kumasi Zoo

6.3

17.2

52.0

130.7

1.0

1.4

2.6

5.0

69.2

48.5

41.9

66.4

35.6

Mole National Park

5.4

63.6

-

-

0.9

5.0

-

-

-

-

313.7

-

-


3.2

12.0

24.6

65.5

0.5

1.0

1.2

2.5

27.6

108.6

121.1

57.1

84.5

TOTAL

623.5

1244.2

1970.1

2599.0

100

100

100

100

3.0

28.1

69.4

20.7

41.6


28

3.3 TOTAL VISITOR ARRIVALS AND REVENUE ACCRUING TO SELECTED

COMMUNITY – BASED ECO -TOURISM SITES, 2002 – 2004

Table 3.7 presents the trends of total visitor arrivals and revenue accruing to selected

community-based eco tourism sites, from 2002 to 2004.

The total visitor arrivals to these sites in 2002, 2003, and 2004 were 26,500, 27,360 and

25,610 respectively. In 2003, total visitor arrivals to these sites showed an increase of 3.2

percent over 2002 figure while it showed a reduction of 11.2 percent, over 2003 figure. Total

visitor arrivals to these sites registered a yearly average reduction of 4.0 percent (Table 3.4.1)

between 2002 and 2004.

Revenue from these sites showed similar trends as for the arrivals. In 2002, an amount of

280 million cedis was collected as revenue from these sites. Revenue increased to 625

million cedis in 2003, representing 122.5 percent change over the 2002 figure, but recorded a

reduction in revenue of 46.4 percent in 2004. Revenue from the sites showed an annual

growth rate of 38.06 percent (Table 3.4.2) from 2002 to 2004.

Table 3.7: Total Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Selected Community –

Based Eco-Tourism Sites, 2002 – 2004

2002

2003

2004

Arrivals (thousands)

26.5

27.4

24.3

Yearly change (%)

-

3.2

-11.2


281.1

625.4

335.3

Yearly change (%)

-

122.5

-46.4


29

3.4 VISITOR ARRIVALS AND REVENUE ACCRUING TO SPECIFIC

SELECTED COMMUNITY – BASED ECO-TOURISM SITES, 2002 – 2004

Tables 3.8 and 3.9 present trends of visitor arrivals and revenue accruing to specific selected

community-based eco-tourism sites in Ghana from 2002 to 2004.

Amedzofe

The share of Amedzofe site in visitor arrivals in Ghana remained virtually unchanged for the

period 2002 to 2003. Arrivals to the site increased by 14.6 percent in 2003 over the 2002

figure. It recorded a reduction in arrivals in 2004, resulting in a yearly decline in arrivals of

16.1 percent from 2002 to 2004; the least growth rate compared to the other sites during the

period.

Revenue from Amedzofe showed a modest yearly increase of 21.7 percent between 2002 and

2004. In 2002, 19.7 million cedis was realized from the site. In 2003, the site registered an

increase in revenue of 98.9 percent over the 2002 level but recorded a decline in revenue in

2004, 54.8 percent. Its share represented 7.0 percent in 2002, 6.2 percent in 2003 and 5.3

percent in 2004.

Boabeng Fiema Monkey Sanctuary

Boabeng Fiema Monkey Sanctuary maintained its dominance as the leading eco-tourism

destination. It recorded 6,240 visitors in 2002, 7,330 in 2003 and 7,340 visitors in 2004. Its

share grew from 23.6 percent in 2002 to 30.2 percent in 2004. Between 2002 and 2004,

visitor arrivals to the Sanctuary increased at an average annual rate of 8.7 percent.

30

The Sanctuary recorded 42.5 million cedis in 2002. This figure rose to 101.3 million cedis

the following year, an increase of 138.5 percent over the preceding year. However, revenue

from the Sanctuary showed a different picture. This is because 6,240 visitors yielded 42.5

million cedis in 2002, while a little over 7,000 visitors yielded 101.3 million cedis in 2003.

The Sanctuary contributed 15.1 percent share in 2002 while in 2004, its share declined to

12.0 percent. Between 2002 and 2004, the Sanctuary’s revenue increased at an annual

average rate of 39.0 percent. The site showed the fourth highest growth rate, from 2002 –

2004 in terms of revenue generation.

Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Sanctuary

Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Sanctuary recorded 1,470 visitor arrivals in 2002, 2,160 visitor

arrivals in 2003 and 1,650 visitor arrivals in 2004. The Sanctuary’s share grew from 5.6

percent in 2002 to 6.8 percent in 2004. Visitor arrivals to the Sanctuary increased at an

average annual rate of 11.7 percent during the period, 2002 – 2004.

The tourist site generated 42.7 million cedis in 2002, 42.4 million in 2003 and 15.4 million

cedis in 2004; i.e. revenue from the site declined from 2002 – 2004, recording negative

growth of 0.7 percent in 2002 and 63.6 percent in 2004. Its share in 2002, 2003 and 2004

was respectively 15.2 percent, 6.8 percent and 4.6 percent. Revenue from the Sanctuary

recorded a negative growth of 32.2 percent between 2002 and 2004.

Bunso

Even though tourist flows to Bunso increased during the period 2002–2003, the figures were

low compared to the other sites. Bunso registered the highest yearly growth rate of 533.2

percent, from 2002 to 2004. The market share increased from 0.45 percent in 2002 to 4.8

percent in 2004.

Bunso generated 10.1 million cedis in 2003 and 9.1 million cedis in 2004, representing 1.6

percent and 1.5 percent respectively as market share in 2003 and 2004.

31

Liate Wote.

In 2002, 2,670 visitor arrivals were recorded in Liate Wote. The following year, visitor

arrivals increased to 2,690. This number declined to 2,460 visitor arrivals in 2004. Visitor

arrivals to Liate Wote in 2003 represented 0.01 percent increase over the 2002 level, while in

2004, it represented a decrease of 0.09 percent over the preceding year. Liate Wote’s market

share constituted 10.1 percent in 2002 but declined to 9.8 percent in 2003 and rose again to


The Sanctuary registered 18.2 million cedis in 2002, 21.0 million cedis in 2003 and 12.5

million cedis in 2004. Despite these figures, the site recorded a negative growth, 12.7

percent showing the second least growth rate from 2002 to 2004. Liate Wote’s share in

2002, 2003 and 2004 were 6.5 percent, 3.4 percent and 3.7 percent respectively.

Nzulezu

Tourist arrivals to Nzulezu reached 4,180 in 2002, constituting a market share of 15.8 percent

of the total arrivals to community-based eco-tourism sites.

Revenue generated at Nzulezu was the highest in 2002, amounting to 51.6 million cedis,

representing 18.4 percent of total revenue from community-based eco-tourism sites.

Paga Crocodile Pond

Between 2002 and 2004, visitor arrivals to Paga Crocodile Pond had remained almost the

same, with the exception of 2004. The share of arrivals was 22.0 percent in 2002, 20.0

percent in 2003 and 15.9 percent in 2004. The Pond registered a negative trend with a yearly

decrease of 14.75 percent from 2002 to 2004.

Paga Crocodile Pond realized 10.5 million cedis in 2002, 22.9 million cedis in 2003 and 22.2

million cedis in 2004, representing a market share of 3.7 percent, 3.7 percent, and 6.6 percent

respectively. Despite the decline in arrivals, revenue from the Pond increased at an average

annual rate of 57.1 percent between 2002 and 2004.

32

Sirigu Sanctuary

Visitor arrivals to Sirigu Sanctuary were 1,130 in 2003 and 1,520 in 2004, showing an

increase of 34.5 percent in 2004 over the 2003 figure. The share of arrivals grew from 4.1

percent in 2003 to 6.3 percent in 2004.

Even though Sirigu Sanctuary recorded low figures, the corresponding revenue during 2003

and 2004 was promising. In 2003, the Sanctuary generated 43.4 million cedis. In 2004, the

amount increased to 113.7 million cedis, up 162.0 percent over the preceding year. Its share

in 2003 and 2004 was respectively 6.9 percent and 34.0 percent.

Tafi Atome Monkey Sanctuary

Arrivals to Tafi Atome Monkey Sanctuary registered a decline of 3.0 percent between 2002

and 2004. In terms of market share, the site registered 8.5 percent in 2002, 6.3 percent in

2003 and 8.3 percent in 2004.

Revenue from the Sanctuary in 2002 was 50.6 million cedis. In 2003, the Sanctuary showed

the highest expansion in revenue, generating 270.5 million cedis, up 434.3 percent over the

2002 figure. In 2004, the site recorded a reduction in revenue, 82.2 percent over the

preceding year. Revenue from the site increased at an average annual rate of 176.1 percent

from 2002 to 2004, showing the second highest growth rate among the sites.

Tano Boase Sacred Grove

Tano Boase Sacred Grove showed the fifth highest growth rate in visitor arrivals, from 2002

- 2004. Between 2002 and 2004, the site registered an average annual growth rate of 28.8

percent, despite the fact that the flows of tourists were low.

The site experienced more significant increases from 2002 to 2004, recording 1.4 million

cedis in 2002 and 5.8 million cedis in 2003. The site recorded the third highest growth rate in

revenue of 113.1 percent between 2002 and 2004, even though the site recorded a decline in

revenue in 2004

33

Tongo Hills

Tongo Hills followed Bunso in terms of high growth rate of tourist arrivals. It showed the

third highest growth rate of 98.8 percent during the period, 2002 - 2004. Its market share in

visitor arrivals increased from 1.0 percent in 2002 to 3.0 percent in 2004.

Tongo Hills also showed some expansion in revenue during the period. Revenue from the

site in 2002 was 6.8 million cedis. This figure increased to 17.3 million cedis in 2004,

registering an average annual growth rate of 67.3 percent between 2002 and 2004. The site’s

market share in 2002, 2003 and 2004 was 2.4, 2.3 and 5.2 percent respectively.

Wechiau Hippo Sanctuary

Wechiau Hippo Sanctuary showed the fourth highest growth rate in visitor arrivals,

registering an average annual growth rate of 35.8 percent between 2002 and 2004. In 2002,

the Sanctuary recorded 900 visitors, and this increased to 1,580 visitors in 2004. The market

share increased from 3.4 percent in 2002 to 6.5 percent in 2004.

The site experienced a higher growth in revenue between 2002 and 2004, a yearly increase of

4.85 percent. In 2002, the Sanctuary realized 36.5 million cedis. In 2003, the figure rose to

50.3 million cedis, registering 37.8 percent growth over the 2002 figure. A decline in

revenue was recorded in 2004, 28.1 percent over the 2003 figure.

Xavi Bird Watching and Canoe Tours

Xavi recorded only 40 visitors in 2002. The figure increased to 310 in 2003 while in 2004,

there was significant drop of arrivals. From 2002 – 2004, the site recorded low values as its

share of visitor arrivals, registering 0.2 percent in 2002, 1.1 percent in 2003 and 0.9 percent

in 2004. However, the site recorded the second highest growth rate.

Growth in revenue at Xavi was modest, recording 590,000 cedis in 2002, 4.3 million in 2003

and 2.2 million in 2004. Despite the low levels of revenue generation, the site showed the

highest growth rate of 287.2 percent a year, during the period, 2002 - 2004.

34

Table 3.8: Trends of Visitor Arrivals to Specific Selected Community-Based Eco-Tourism Sites, 2002 – 2004 Yearly change (%)

Market Share (%)

Eco-Tourism Site

Arrivals(‘000) 2002 2003 2004 03/02 04/03 2002 2003 2004

Average Annual Growth Rate (%) 2003 – 2004

Amedzofe Boabeng Fiema Monkey Sanctuary Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Sanctuary Bunso Liate Wote Nzulezu Paga Crocodile Pond Sirigu Sanctuary Tafi Atome Monkey Sanctuary Tano Boase Sacred Grove Tongo Hills Wechiau Hippo Sanctuary Xavi

2.13 6.24 1.47 0.12 2.67 4.18 5.83 - 2.24 0.41 0.27 0.90 0.04

2.44 7.33 2.16 1.42 2.69 - 5.47 1.13 1.73 0.90 0.79 0.99 0.31

1.30 7.34 1.65 1.18 2.46 - 3.86 1.52 2.02 0.36 0.83 1.58 0.21

14.55 17.47 46.94 1083.3 0.01 - -0.06 - -22.76 117.1 192.6 10.0 675.0

-46.72 0.00 -23.61 -16.90 -0.09 - -29.43 34.51 16.76 -59.55 5.06 61.62 -32.26

8.04 23.55 5.55 0.45 10.07 15.77 22.0 - 8.45 1.55 1.02 3.40 0.15

8.92 26.79 7.90 5.19 9.83 - 20.03 4.13 6.32 3.25 2.89 3.62 1.13

5.35 30.19 6.79 4.85 10.11 - 15.88 6.25 8.31 1.50 3.41 6.50 0.86

-16.08 8.74 11.67 533.22 -0.04 - -14.75 - -3.00 28.76 98.83 35.81 321.4

TOTAL ARRIVALS

26.50

27.36

24.31

3.2 -11.15

100.00 100.00 100.00

-3.98


35

Table 3.9: Trends of Revenue Accruing to Specific Selected Community-Based Eco-

Tourism Sites,

2002 – 2004 Yearly Change

Market Share (%)

Eco-Tourism Site

Revenue (million cedis) 2002 2003 2004 03/02 04/03 2002 2003 2004

Average Annual Growth Rate (%) 2003 – 2004

Amedzofe Boabeng Fiema Monkey Sanctuary Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Bunso Liate Wote Nzulezu Paga Crocodile Pond Sirigu Sanctuary Tafi Atome Monkey Sanctuary Tano Boase Sacred Grove Tongo Hills Wechiau Hippo Sanctuary Xavi

19.67 42.47 42.73 - 18.21 51.60 10.54 - 50.62 1.4 6.76 36.48 0.59

38.98 101.27 42.43 10.07 20.97 - 22.94 43.40 270.47 5.78 14.58 50.25 4.26

17.64 40.12 15.43 9.09 12.48 - 22.16 113.72 48.18 0.77 17.34 36.15 2.23

98.17 138.45 -0.70 - 15.16 - 117..65 - 434.31 312.86 115.68 37.75 622.03

-54.75 -60.38 -63.6 -9.73 -40.49 - -3.4 162.03 -82.19 -86.68 18.93 -28.06 -47.65

7.00 15.11 15.20 - 6.48 18.36 3.75 - 18.01 0.50 2.41 12.98 0.21

6.2 16.19 6.78 1.61 3.35 - 3.67 6.94 43.25 0.92 2.33 8.03 0.68

5.26 11.97 4.60 1.45 3.72 - 6.61 33.92 14.37 0.23 5.17 10.78 0.67

21.71 39.04 -32.15 - -12.67 - 57.13 - 176.06 113.09 67.31 4.85 287.19

TOTAL REVENUE

281.07

625.4

335.31

122.51

-46.39

100.00

100.00

100.00

38.06


36

CHAPTER FOUR

INTERNATIONAL AIR PASSENGER AND AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS, 1995-2004

4.1 INTERNATIONAL AIR PASSENGER MOVEMENTS, 1995-2004

Tables 4.1 and 4.2 present the trends of movements of international air passengers from 1995 to

2004. Between 1995 and 2004, international passenger arrivals by air increased by 163,900,

registering 87.4 percent increase at an average annual growth rate of 7.0 percent. Between 1995

and 1999, international air passenger arrivals were high, showing an average annual growth rate

of 9.8 percent while from 2000 to 2004, it recorded low values, at an average annual growth rate

of 4.1 percent. However, in 2003 it recorded a dip in international passenger arrivals, 4.1

percent.

International air passenger departures showed different trends. It recorded 180,600 air passenger

departures in 1995 and this number rose to 366,900 in 2004, registering 103.2 percent increase,

at an average annual growth rate of 8.8 percent during the period. Between 1995 and 1999,

international air passenger departures showed an average annual growth rate of 9.2 percent while

8.3 percent was recorded as the average annual growth rate between 2000 and 2004.

Table 4.1: International Air Passenger Movements, 1995 – 2004

(thousands of arrivals, departures and percentage) Year

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

Passenger Arrivals % annual change Passenger Departures % annual change

187.6 3.4 180.6 5.8

202.5 7.9 200.1 10.8

218.8 8.1 210.5 5.2

248.1 13.4 236.8 12.5

288.6 16.3 265.0 11.9

311.4 7.9 280.8 6.0

329.7 5.9 292.8 12.0

316.3 -4.1 319.8 9.2

333.0 5.3 336.1

5.1

351.5 5.6 366.9 9.2

Source: Ghana Civil Aviation Authority

37

Table 4.2: Trends of International Air Passenger Movements, 1995 – 2004 (passenger arrivals, departures and percentage) Year

Increase between 1995 and 2002

Average annual growth rate (%) 1995–1999 2000–2004 1995-2004

Passenger Arrivals Passenger Departures

163.9

186.3

9.8

9.2

4.1

8.3

7.0

8.8


Figure 4.1: International Air Passenger Movements, 1995 - 2004

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

250.0

300.0

350.0

400.0

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Year

Num

ber o

f Pas

seng

ers

('000

)

Passenger arrivals

Passenger departure

38

4.2 SCHEDULED AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS, 1995 – 2004

Tables 4.3 and 4.4 report on the trends of aircraft movements in Ghana, from 1995 to 2004.

Aircraft movements in Ghana have experienced upward and downward trends since 1995.

Arrivals of aircraft into the country registered 82.2 percent increase, at an average annual growth

rate of 6.6 percent while departures showed 83.7 percent increase, at an average annual growth

rate of 6.7 percent during the period, 1995 – 2004.

In 1995, the country recorded 2,900 aircraft arrivals while in 2004, 5,283 aircraft arrivals were

recorded. However, the country registered a decline in aircraft arrivals in 1995, 1997, 2001 and

2002.

Aircraft arrivals into the country increased at an average annual rate of 9.1 percent between

1995 and 1999 and 4.0 percent between 2000 and 2004. In absolute terms, between 1995 and

2004, aircraft arrivals increased by 2,383.

The corresponding aircraft departures were 2,900 in 1995 and rose to 5,327 in 2004. The years

1997, 2001 and 2002 showed a decline in aircraft departures. From 1995 to 1999, the average

annual increase was at a rate of 9.6 percent. Between 2000 and 2004, the average yearly

departure rate was 3.7 percent while from 1995 to 2004, the average departure rate was 6.7

percent. From 1995 to 2005, aircraft departures showed an increase of 2,427.

Table 4.3: Scheduled Aircraft Movements, 1995 – 2004

(thousands of arrivals, departures and growth percent) Year

95

96

97

98

99

00

01

02

03

04

Aircraft Arrivals % Annual Change Aircraft Departure % Annual Change

2.9 -3.3 2.9 -3.3

3.3 13.8 3.3 13.8

3.1 -6.1 3.1 -6.1

3.6 16.1 3.9 25.8

4.5 25.0 4.6 17.9

5.1 13.3 5.3 15.2

4.5 -11.8 4.6 -13.2

4.1 -8.9 4.1 -10.9

4.6 12.2 4.6 12.2

5.3 15.2 5.3 15.2


39

Table 4.4: Trends of Aircraft Movements, 1995-2004

(thousands of arrivals, departures and growth percent) Year


Average annual growth rate (%) 1995 – 1999 2000 – 2004 1995 - 2004

Aircraft Arrivals Aircraft Departures

2,383

2,427

9.1

9.6

4.0

3.7

6.6

6.7


Figure 4.2: Scheduled Aircraft Movements, 1995 - 2004

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Year

Nu

mb

er o

f A

ircr

aft

Arr

ival

s an

d D

epar

ture

s

Aircraftarrivals ('000)Airrcraftdepartures('000)

40

CHAPTER FIVE

ACCOMMODATION CAPACITY IN GHANA, 1995 – 2004

5.1 ACCOMMODATION SUPPLY SITUATION IN GHANA, 1995 – 2004

Tables 5.1 and 5.2 show the trends of accommodation supply situation in the country from 1995

to 2004. By 1995, the total number of accommodation establishments in the country was 580.

This number increased to 1,313, in 2004, registering 126.4 percent increase, at an average annual

growth rate of 9.2 percent during the period.

Between 1995 and 1999, the country’s number of accommodation establishments increased at an

average annual rate of 0.8 percent while from 2000 to 2004, the number increased at an annual

rate of 17.5 percent. Similarly, the number of accommodation rooms in 1995 was 7,618. By

2004, the number had increased to 18,022, registering 136.6 percent increase, at an average

annual growth rate of 8.1 percent during the period, 1995 – 2004. During the period 1995 –

1999, the number of rooms increased at an average annual rate of 5.7 percent while 10.4 percent

was recorded as the average annual growth rate between 2000 and 2004.

Between 1995 and 2004 the country’s capacity for accommodation expressed in number of bed-

places registered 96.3 percent increase, at an average annual growth rate of 6.8 percent. The

number of bed-places increased at an average annual rate of 3.9 percent from 1995 – 1999 while

9.7 percent was the average annual growth rate from 2000 – 2004.

In 1995, the total number of accommodation establishments in the country declined by 7.1

percent over the 1994 figure while the number of rooms and bed-places also declined by 14.2

percent and 3.7 percent respectively over the 1994 figures.

In 2004, the number of accommodation establishments increased by 5.0 percent over the 2003

figure, the number of rooms increased by 3.9 percent and the number of bed-places increased by

2.3 percent, over the 2003 figures. According to Table 5.1, by 2004, a total of 750

accommodation establishments 9,139 rooms and 11,297 bed-places were supplied to the tourism

industry in the country.

41

Table 5.1: Accommodation Supply Situation in Ghana, 1995 – 2004 Year End

Number of Hotels

Number of Rooms

Number of Bed-places

Changes from Previous Year (Hotels)

Changes from Previous Year (Rooms)

Changes from Previous Year (Bed-places)

1995

580

7,618

11,938

-44

-1265

-435

1996

703

10,263

13,791

+123

+2645

+1853

1997

751

10,921

14,164

+48

+658

+373

1998

730

10,879

14,299

-21

-42

+135

1999

626

11,123

14,818

-104

+244

+519

2000

992

13,641

17,558

+366

+2518

+2740

2001

1,053

15,453

19,648

+61

+1812

+2090

2002

1,162

15,992

21,227

+170

+539

+1579

2003

1,250

17,352

22,909

+ 81

+1360

+1682

2004

1,313

18,022

23,430

+63

+670

+521

1995-2004

+ 750

+9,139

+11,927


Table 5.2 Trends of Accommodation Supply in Ghana, 1995 – 2004

Accommodation capacity


Average annual growth rate (%)

95 – 99 00 – 04 95 – 04 Hotels Rooms Bed-places

733 10,404 11,442

0.8 17.5 9.2 5.7 10.4 8.1 3.9 9.7 6.8


42

5.2 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ACCOMMODATION ESTABLISHMENTS,

1995 – 2004

Table 5.3 presents the regional distribution of accommodation establishments from 1995 to 2004.

Western Region recorded 65 accommodation establishments in 1995. This number increased to

103 in 2004, registering 58.5 percent increase. Its market share in 1995 was 11.2 percent and it

declined to 7.84 percent in 2004.

Central region was fourth in terms of the provision of accommodation establishments. In 1995,

the region recorded 43 accommodation establishments and by 2004 the number had increased to

111, registering 158.1 percent increase. The market share increased from 7.41 percent in 1995 to


Greater Accra remains the highest provider of accommodation establishments in the country. In

1995, the region had 215 accommodation establishments. This number reached 558 in 2004,

registering 159.5 percent increase. In 1995, its market share was 37.1, and it increased to 42.5

percent in 2004.

In the Volta Region, accommodation establishments increased from 26 in 1995 to 72 in 2004,

registering 176.9 percent increase during the period. In 1995, its market share was 4.48 percent

and it increased by 1.0 percent to 5.48 percent.

Eastern Region recorded 59 accommodation establishments in 1995, and by 2004, the number

had reached 121, registering 105.1 percent increase during the period. The region’s market share

increased from 5.89 percent in 1995 to 9.22 percent in 2004.

Ashanti Region follows the Greater Accra Region, where more than one-seventh of the

registered accommodation establishments are located. In 1995, the region had 94

accommodation establishments, and this number increased to 172, in 2004, representing 78.0

percent increase. The region registered 16.21 percent share in 1995 and this declined to 13.10

percent in 2004.

43

In the Brong Ahafo Region, accommodation establishments increased from 49 in 1995 to 90 in

2004, registering 83.7 percent increase, while its market share declined from 8.45 percent in

1995 to 6.85 percent in 2004.

Northern Region recorded 12 accommodation establishments in 1995 and by 2004, the number

had reached 43, accounting for 258.3 percent increase, from 1995 – 2004. The region’s share

increased from 2.07 percent in 1995 to 3.27 percent in 2004.

Upper East Region had 9 accommodation establishments in 1995 and this number increased to

28 in 2004, registering 211.1 percent increase, during the period. Its share in 1995 was 1.55

percent and it increased to 2.13 percent in 2004.

Upper West Region recorded 8 accommodation establishments in 1995 and this number

increased to 15 in 2004, accounting for 87.5 percent increase, from 1995 – 2004. The region

registered 1.35 percent share in 1995 which declined to 1.16 percent in 2004.

Table 5.3: Regional Distribution of Accommodation Establishments, 1995 - 2004 Number of hotels Market share (%)

Region 95 98 01 02 03 04 1995 98 01 02 03 04 Western

65

60

101

100

94

103

11.21

8.22

9.59

8.61

7.52

7.84

Central

43

51

85

87

77

111

7.41

6.98

8.07

7.49

6.16

8.45

G/Accra

215

328

411

484

531

558

37.1

44.9

39.0

41.65

42.48

42.5

Volta

26

46

56

61

70

72

4.48

6.30

5.32

5.25

5.60

5.48

Eastern

59

43

81

93

118

121

10.17

5.89

7.69

8.00

9.44

9.22

Ashanti

94

130

148

176

184

172

16.21

17.8

14.10

15.15

14.72

13.10

B/Ahafo

49

33

105

96

97

90

8.45

4.52

9.97

8.26

7.76

6.85

Northern

12

17

34

29

35

43

2.07

2.33

3.23

2.49

2.80

3.27

U E Region

9

9

15

18

26

28

1.55

1.23

1.42

1.55

2.08

2.13

U W Region

8

13

17

18

18

15

1.35

1.83

1.61

1.55

1.44

1.16

Total

580

730

1053

1,162

1,250

1,313

100

100

100

100

100

100


44

5.3 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ROOMS, 1995 – 2004

Table 5.4 presents the regional distribution and trends of room supply from 1995 to 2004. In the

Western Region, the number of rooms increased from 970 in 1995 to 1,481 in 2004, registering

52.7 percent increase during the period. The market share in 1995 was 12.70 percent which

declined to 8.22 percent in 2004.

Central Region recorded 618 rooms in 1995 and by 2004, this figure had reached 1,496,

registering 142.1 percent increase during the period. Its share increased from 6.67 percent in

1995 to 8.30 percent in 2004.

Greater Accra Region recorded the highest number of rooms. In 1995, the region recorded 2,331

rooms and this number increased to 7,805 rooms in 2004, representing 234.8 percent increase

during the period. The region recorded a share of 30.6 percent in 1995 and it increased to 43.3

percent in 2004.

In 1995, Volta Region had 401 rooms. This number increased to 1,053 in 2004, accounting for

162.6 percent increase during the period. Its market share increased modestly from 5.26 percent

in 1995 to 5.84 percent in 2004.

Eastern Region recorded 726 rooms in 1995. This figure increased to 1,537 in 2004, accounting

for 111.7 percent increase during the period. The region’s share declined from 9.53 percent in

1995 to 8.53 percent in 2004.

Ashanti Region recorded 1,506 rooms in 1995 and this figure rose to 2,413 in 2004, registering

60.2 percent increase. Its market share declined from 19.8 percent in 1995 to 13.4 percent in

2004.

Brong Ahafo Region recorded 597 rooms, and this number increased to 1,030 in 2004,

registering 72.5 percent increase during the period. The region’s share declined from 7.8 percent

in 1995 to 5.7 percent in 2004.

45

Northern Region had 212 rooms in 1995. By 2004, the region recorded 650 rooms, registering

206.6 percent increase, from 1995 to 2004. Its share increased from 2.8 percent in 1995 to 3.6

percent in 2004.

In the Upper East Region, rooms increased from 136 in 1995 to 307 in 2004, accounting for

125.7 percent increase during the period. The region’s share declined from 1.79 percent in 1995

to 1.70 percent in 2004.

In the Upper West Region, rooms increased from 121 in 1995 to 250 in 2004, registering 106.6

percent increase during the period. Its share declined from 1.59 percent in 1995 to 1.39 percent

in 2004.

46

Table 5.4: Regional Distribution of Rooms, 1995 – 2004

Number of rooms Market share (%) Region 1995 1998 2001 2002 2003 2004 1995 1998 2001 2002 2003 2004 Western

970

936

1,576

1,458

1,340

1,481

12.70

8.60

10.20

9.12

7.72

8.22

Central

618

726

1,458

1,440

1,178

1,496

8.11

6.67

9.44

9.12

6.80

8.30

G/Accra

2,331

5,125

6,211

6,734

7,534

7,805

30.60

47.1

40.20

42.11

43.42

43.30

Volta

401

669

784

830

996

1,053

5.26

6.15

5.07

5.19

5.74

5.84

Eastern

726

536

1,029

1,170

1,440

1,537

9.53

4.93

6.66

7.32

8.29

8.53

Ashanti

1,506

1,867

2,214

2,372

2,679

2,413

19.80

17.2

14.32

14.83

15.44

13.40

Brong Ahafo

597

405

1,179

1,092

1,098

1,030

7.84

3.72

7.63

6.83

6.33

5.72

Northern

212

283

485

412

520

650

2.78

2.60

3.14

2.58

2.99

3.60

U E Region

136

155

226

215

288

307

1.79

1.42

1.46

1.80

1.66

1.70

U W Region

121

177

291

269

279

250

1.59

1.61

1.88

1.74

1.61

1.39

Total

7,618

10,879

15,453

15,992

17,352

18,022

100

100

100

100

100

100


47

5.4 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF BED-PLACES, 1995 – 2004

Table 5.5 presents the regional distribution and trends of bed-place supply from 1995 to 2004.

Western Region recorded 1,374 bed-places in 1995. This figure rose to 1,800 in 2004,

registering 31.00 percent increase, from 1995 – 2004. Its share declined from 11.51 percent in

1995 to 7.68 percent in 2004.

Central Region had 764 bed-places in 1995, and the figure increased to 2,030 in 2004,

accounting for 165.7 percent increase. The region’s share increased from 6.40 percent in 1995 to


Greater Accra Region absorbs the greater proportion of the bed-places in the country followed by

Ashanti Region. In the Greater Accra Region, the number of bed-places increased from 4,689 in

1995 to 10,130, registering 116.0 percent increase during the period. The region’s market share

increased modestly from 39.62 percent in 1995 to 43.24 percent in 2004.

Volta Region had 552 bed-places in 1995 and this figure rose to 1,343 in 2004, registering 143.3

percent during the period. The share increased from 4.62 percent in 1995 to 5.73 percent in

2004,

In the Eastern Region, the number of bed-places increased from 979 in 1995 to 1,969 in 2004,

accounting for 101.1 percent increase during the period. The region’s share increased modestly

from 8.20 percent in 1995 to 8.40 percent in 2004.

Ashanti Region recorded 2,174 bed-places in 1995 and this number increased to 3,299 in 2004,

registering 51.75 percent during the period. Its market share of bed-places declined from 18.21


48

In the Brong Ahafo Region, the number of bed-places increased from 736 in 1995 to 1,215 in

2004, accounting for 65.1 percent increase during the period. Its share declined from 6.17


Northern Region recorded 302 bed-places in 1995 and this increased to 888 in 2004, registering

194.0 percent increase. The region’s share increased from 2.53 percent in 1995 to 3.79 percent

in 2004.

In 1995, Upper East Region had 202 bed-places for visitors and this figure increased to 432,

accounting for 115.3 percent increase. The share increased modestly from 1.69 percent in 1995

to 1.86 percent in 2004.

In 1995, Upper West Region recorded 166 bed-places and by 2004, this figure had risen to 321,

registering 93.4 percent increase. Its share declined slightly form 1.39 percent in 1995 to 1.37

percent in 2004.

49

Table 5.5: Regional Distribution of Bed-places, 1995-2004 Number of bed-places Market share (%)

Region 1995 1998 2001 2002 2003 2004 1995 1998 2001 2002 2003 2004 Western

1,374

1,090

1,921

1,715

1669

1,800

11.51

7.62

7.68

8.07

9.78

7.68

Central

764

970

1,754

1,732

1,578

2,030

6.40

6.78

8.66

816

8.93

8.66

G/Accra

4,689

6,530

7,905

8,648

9,817

10,130

39.62

45.67

43.24

4074

40.23

43.24

Volta

552

949

1,014

1,185

1378

1,343

4.62

6.64

5.73

5.58

5.16

5.73

Eastern

979

771

1,344

2,369

1851

1,969

8.20

5.39

8.40

11.16

6.89

8.40

Ashanti

2,174

2,420

2,928

3,090

3712

3,299

18.21

16.92

14.08

14.56

14.90

14.08

Brong Ahafo

736

667

1,464

1,227

1,302

1,215

6.17

4.66

5.19

5.78

7.45

5.19

Northern

302

507

677

634

827

888

2.53

3.55

3.79

2.99

3.45

3.79

U E Region

202

179

295

290

392

435

1.69

1.25

1.86

1.37

1.50

1.86

U W Region

166

216

346

337

383

321

1.39

1.52

1.37

1.59

1.76

1.37

Total

11,938

14,299

19,648

21,227

22,909

23,430

100

100

100

100

100

100


50

5.5 CLASSIFICATION OF HOTELS, 1995 – 2004

Table 5.6 presents the classification of hotels from 1995 to 2004. In 1995, there were 3 Five &

Four-Star hotels, 7 Three-star hotels, 49 Two star hotels, 41 guest houses and 480 other

establishments (budget and One-star) in the country.

In ten years period; by 2004, Five & Four-star hotels increased to 5, representing 66.6 percent.

Three-star hotels recorded 23, representing 228.6 percent increase. Two-star hotels recorded 133,

representing 171.4 percent increase, Guest house category recorded 156 hotels, representing

115.0 percent increase while other establishments recorded 950 hotels, representing 97.9 percent

increase, during the period.

The corresponding market share in 1995 of Five & Four-star, Three-star , Two-star ,Guest

houses and other establishments were respectively 0.5 percent, 1.2 percent, 8.4 percent, 7.1

percent and 82.8 percent.

By 2004, the market share of Five & Four-star had declined to 0.4 percent, Three-star had

increased to 1.8 percent, Two-star had increased to 10.5 percent, Guest house had increased to

12.3 percent and other establishments had declined to 75.0 percent (see Table 5.6)

51

Table 5.6: Distribution of Hotels by Accommodation Categories, 1995 – 2004

Hotels Market Share (%)

Year

5 & 4 Star

3 Star

2 Star

Guest House

Other

5 & 4 Star

3 Star

2 Star

Guest House

Other

Total

1995

3

7

49

41

480

0.5

1.2

8.4

7.1

82.8

100

1996

3

9

56

50

582

0.4

1.3

8.0

7.1

83.2

100

1997

3

15

59

71

598

0.4

2.0

7.9

9.5

80.2

100

1998

3

15

65

74

571

0.4

2.1

8.9

10.2

78.4

100

1999

3

18

77

89

438

0.5

2.9

12.3

14.2

70.1

100

2000

2

21

95

123

725

0.2

2.2

9.8

12.7

75.1

100

2001

3

22

92

127

774

0.3

2.2

9.0

12.5

76.0

100

2002

4

24

116

150

868

0.3

2.1

10.0

12.9

74.7

100

2003

5

25

135

165

916

0.4

2.0

10.9

13.2

73.5

100

2004

5

23

133

156

950

0.4

1.8

10.5

12.3

75.0

100


Other refers to Budget and One-star hotels.

52

5.6 DISTRIBUTION OF HOTEL ROOMS BY ACCOMMODATION CATEGORIES,

1995 - 2004

Table 5.7 presents the distribution of hotel rooms in Five & Four-star, Three-star, Two-star, Guest

House, Budget and One-star categories in the country from 1995 to 2004. In 1995, for all the

accommodation in the country, only 451 rooms, representing 5.3 percent of the total rooms were in Five

& Four-star hotels, 196 rooms, representing 2.3 percent were provided by Three-star hotels, 1,286

rooms, representing 15.1 percent were recorded in Two-star hotels, 305 rooms, representing 3.6 percent

were recorded in Guest Houses while 6,280 rooms, representing 73.7 percent were recorded in Budget

and One-star hotels.

By 2004, the number of rooms in Five & Four-star hotels had increased to 762 but the share had

declined to 4.3 percent. The number of rooms in Three-star hotel had increased to 1,012 while the share

had increased to 5.7 percent. The number of rooms in Two-star hotels increased to 2,729 in 2004 while

its share increased slightly to 15.3 percent. Guest houses registered 1,145 rooms in 2004, and increased

its share to 6.4 percent. The number of rooms in Budget and One-star hotels increased to 12,194,

reducing their share to 68.3 percent.

53

Table 5.7: Distribution of Hotel Rooms by Accommodation Categories, 1995 – 2004 Rooms Market Share (%)

Year

5 & 4 Star

3 Star

2 Star

Guest house

Other

5 & 4 Star

3 Star

2 Star

Guest house

Other

Total

1995

451

196

1,286

305

6,280

5.3

2.3

15.1

3.6

73.7

100.0

1996

468

260

1,379

345

7,780

4.6

2.5

13.5

3.4

76.0

100.0

1997

465

488

1,391

460

8,078

4.3

4.5

12.8

4.2

74.2

100.0

1998

518

517

1,544

525

7,766

4.8

4.8

14.2

4.8

71.4

100.0

1999

518

594

1,655

655

7470

4.8

5.4

15.2

6.0

68.6

100.0

2000

338

808

1,955

769

9265

2.6

6.1

14.9

6.0

70.4

100.0

2001

518

885

1,988

840

10,409

3.5

6.1

13.6

5.7

71.1

100.0

2002

658

951

2,315

983

11,085

4.1

6.0

14.5

6.1

69.3

100.0

2003

762

966

2,805

1,059

11,725

4.4

5.6

16.2

6.1

67.7

100.0

2004

762

1,012

2729

1,145

12,194

4.3

5.7

15.3

6.4

68.3

100.0


Other refers to Budget and One-star hotels

54

5.7 DISTRIBUTION OF BED-PLACES BY ACCOMMODATION

CATEGORIES, 1995 - 2004

Table 5.8 presents the distribution of bed-places by various accommodation categories. In 1995,

Five & Four-star hotels provided 964 bed-places, representing 8.0 percent of total bed-places in

the country. In the same year, Three-star hotels provided 297 bed-places, representing 2.5

percent while Two-star hotels provided 1,936 bed-places, accounting for 16.3 percent. Guest

houses provided 380 bed-places, representing 3.2 percent while Budget and One-star hotels

provided 8,371bed-places, representing 70.1 percent.

By 2004, Five & Four-star hotels provided 953 bed-places, a figure lower than 1995 figure, and

thus recorded a decline in share of bed-places, 4.1 percent. Three-star hotels increased their

share to 6.5 percent by providing 1,505 bed-places in 2004, registering an increase of 406.7

percent from 1995 – 2004. Two-star hotels provided 3,867 bed-places in 2004, registering 99.7

percent increase, during the period, 1995 – 2004, and recording a share of 16.8 percent in 2004.

Guest House category recorded 1,400 bed-places in 2004, representing 268.4 percent increase

from 1995 to 2004, and representing a share of 6.1 percent. In 2004, Budget and One-star hotels

recorded 15,290 bed-places, representing 82.7 percent increase between 1995 and 2004, and

accounting for 66.5 share of total bed-places in the country.

55

Table 5.8: Distribution of Bed-places by Accommodation Categories, 1995 - 2004 Bed-places Market Share (%)

Year

5 & 4 Star

3 Star

2 Star

Guest house

Other

5 & 4 Star

3 Star

2 Star

Guest house

Other

Total

1995

964

297

1,936

380

8,371

8.0

2.5

16.2

3.2

70.1

100.0

1996

708

355

2,000

437

10,260

5.1

2.6

14.5

3.3

74.5

100.0

1997

523

658

2,076

600

10,262

3.7

4.7

14.7

4.2

72.7

100.0

1998

770

741

2,173

701

9,899

5.4

5.2

15.3

4.9

69.2

100.0

1999

746

897

2,320

812

9,662

5.2

6.2

16.1

5.6

66.9

100.0

2000

455

1,147

2,640

1,025

11,672

2.7

6.8

15.6

6.0

68.9

100.0

2001

574

1,208

2,757

1,076

13,086

3.1

6.5

14.7

5.7

70.0

100.0

2002

927

1,323

2,989

1,213

14,775

4.4

6.2

14.1

5.7

69.6

100.0

2003

1,304

1,501

3,933

1,264

14,805

5.7

6.6

17.3

5.5

64.9

100.0

2004

953

1,505

3,867

1,400

15,290

4.1

6.5

16.8

6.1

66.5

100.0


Other refers to Budget and One-star hotels

56

5.8 HOTEL ROOM OCCUPANCY RATES, 1996 - 2004

Table 5.9 presents the occupancy rates of Five-star, Four-star, Three-star and Two-star hotels in

the country. The occupancy rates for Five-star was 74.8 percent in 1996, and it peaked in 1999,

recording 80.8 percent and declined to 77.8 percent in 2000, 72.1 percent in 2001 and increased

slightly in 2002 and 2003, and declined again in 2004, recording 74.0 percent.

For Four-star category, the occupancy rate was 70.8 percent in 1996, it peaked in 2002,

registering 80.6 percent but declined in 2003 and 2004, recording 76.1 percent and 78.5 percent

respectively.

Three-star category recorded 67.0 percent as the occupancy rate in 1996, and in 1997, it recorded

the highest occupancy rate of 69.2 percent, but declined to 61.1 percent in 1998, increased to

64.1 percent in 2000, and declined again in 2001, recording 62.4 percent. In 2002, the rate

increased, dipped in 2003 and increased again in 2004.

The occupancy rate of Two-star was 61.5 percent in 1996, and it reached its peak in 1997,

recording 65.1 percent but declined to 64.5 percent in 2004.

Table 5.9 Hotel Room Occupancy Rate (%)

Category 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Five-star

74.8

78.5

-

80.8

77.8

72.1

73.4

74.2

74.0

Four-star

70.8

72.6

73.9

75.2

71.4

76.0

80.6

76.1

78.5

Three-star

67.0

69.2

61.1

-

64.1

62.4

65.0

63.1

66.5

Two-star

61.5

65.1

-

-

60.0

55.8

64.0

62.4

64.5


57

REFERENCES Ghana Tourist Board (2006) Tourism Statistics Fact Sheet on Ghana

Ghana Tourist Board (2002 – 2004) Domestic Tourism Statistics

Ghana Tourist Board (March, 2002) General Tourism Statistics

Ghana Tourist Board (November, 2000) Attraction Sites: Visitor Arrivals and Revenue

GhanaTourist Board (February, 2003) Summary of Licensed Tourism Plants (1991 – 2002)

Bank of Ghana (1998) Annual Report

United Nations World Tourism Organization (1999) Tourism Highlights, pp 17

United Nations World Tourism Organization (1999) Data Collection and Analysis for Tourism

Management, Marketing and Planning – A Manual for Manager and Analysts

United Nations World Tourism Organization (2005 Edition) Tourism Market Trends in Africa

pp 104 – 105

United Nations World Tourism Organization (2006 Edition) Compendium of Tourism Statistics,

Data 2000 – 2004 pp 75

United Nations World Tourism Organization (2001) Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended

Methodological Framework.

Eurostat (Version 1.0) European Implementation Manual on Tourism Satellite Accounts

58

APPENDICES

AND

TECHNICAL NOTES

59

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Visitor Arrivals to Tourist Sites

Table A1: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Kumasi Military Museum by Ghanaians and Non-

Ghanaians, 2004

Ghanaians Non-Ghanaians

Month Adults Children Adults Children Total

January

325

334

164

51

874

February

224

333

119

42

718

March

415

403

159

36

1,013

April

270

394

149

71

884

May

231

322

82

42

677

June

432

299

284

83

1,098

July

402

508

229

99

1,238

August

252

378

232

69

931

September

190

254

112

45

601

October

144

203

99

28

474

November

127

145

79

17

368

December

344

525

123

30

1,022

Total

3,356

4,098

1,831

613

9,898

Source: Wildlife Division

60

Table A2: Visitor Arrivals to Shai Hills Resource Reserve by Adults, Students and

Children, 1996-2004

Ghanaians Non-Ghanaians Adults Students Children Adults Students Children

1996

59

-

1

254

-

59

1997

79

-

25

291

-

52

1998

251

-

147

511

-

143

1999

234

-

73

591

-

118

2000

318

171

573

605

24

22

2001

386

500

812

559

103

5

2002

497

1,955

937

804

300

203

2003

511

1,877

966

694

239

104

2004

633

1,657

1,637

998

449

111

Source : Wildlife Division

61

Table A3 : Visitor Arrivals to Accra Zoological Gardens by Adults, Children and Students,

1995- 2004

Year Adults

Children

Students

Total

1995

18,000

34,000

-

52,000

1996

24,654

40,225

-

64,879

1997

25,426

35,891

-

61,317

1998

32,479

53,121

-

85,600

1999

44,360

94,630

-

139,670

2000

57,182

81,803

1,044

140,029

2001

14,235

52,407

1,057

67,699

2002

24,782

38,550

1,335

64,699

2003

44,260

37,477

884

82,621

2004

39,526

44,706

1,209

85,441


62

Table A4: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Elmina Castle, 1994 - 1999

Year 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 January

1,207

1,672

1,080

1,531

3,099

3,779

February

1,104

1,411

883

1,597

3,030

5,595

March

2,631

2,364

1,041

1,777

3,730

7,152

April

1,744

2,241

1,280

1,694

5,377

5,147

May

1,831

1,284

1,088

1,650

4,134

5,274

June

1,580

1,561

1,285

1,822

2,737

7,327

July

3,647

3,891

3,781

3,557

9,128

14,749

August

3,035

3,625

3,817

5,928

8269

13,528

September

2,057

1,459

1,991

3,933

3,262

3,964

October

2,132

3,186

1,879

2,353

4,887

3,987

November

1,271

2,574

2,374

3,630

4,363

4,613

December

2,424

3,134

1,770

4,902

7,082

6,471

Total

24,663

28,402

22,269

34,374

59,098

81,586

Source: Ghana Museums and Monuments Board

63

Table A5: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Elmina Castle, 2000

Non Ghanaians Ghanaians Foreign Month Adults Children Adults Children Students

Ghanaian Students Tertiary JSS/Prim.

V.I.P’s

TOTAL

January

379

301

1,495

1,118

120

1,055

1,891

12

6,335

February

355

284

1,030

616

105

108

2,941

66

5,512

March

422

361

1,231

783

86

98

3,008

153

6,142

April

427

369

1,171

1,244

86

1,215

5,232

316

10,060

May

241

107

1,059

495

50

970

1,639

124

4,685

June

393

246

1,033

659

102

312

4,129

29

6,903

July

862

443

2,049

2,725

212

315

7,873

106

14,685

August

798

711

2,423

1,914

298

219

16,167

155

22,705

September

304

217

1,073

5,073

86

206

4,552

149

11,660

October

430

237

1,003

472

114

221

2,442

54

6,773

November

401

225

907

307

275

198

2,070

84

4,431

December

364

168

709

287

198

186

482

37

3,431

Total

5,376

3,669

15,169

15,693

1,732

5,103

54,333

1,249

101,322


64

Table A6: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Elmina Castle, 2001

Non Ghanaians Ghanaians Foreign Month Adults Children Adults Children Students

Ghanaian Students Tertiary JSS/Prim.

V.I.P’s

TOTAL

January

446

220

1,563

935

178

2,595

9

5,655

February

445

338

967

530

162

239

2,836

73

5,599

March

643

406

1,764

1,042

131

77

4,436

261

8,760

April

596

347

4,168

1,209

197

591

4,607

222

11,937

May

487

103

817

225

102

451

812

12

3,009

June

515

107

35,000

404

89

570

2,341

16

39,042

July

1,049

126

1,632

496

191

394

3,424

5

73,17

August

972

107

512

416

136

144

855

-

3,142

September

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

October

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

November

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

December

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Total

5,153

1,756

46,432

5,257

1,193

2,466

21,906

598

84,861


65

Table A7: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Elmina Castle, 2002 Foreigners Ghanaians Foreign Tertiary JSS & Staff

Month Adults Children Adults Children Students Institution Prim. Pupil Visitors VIP’s

Total

January

453

269

527

284

340

422

451

7

58

2,811

February

555

153

934

1,122

342

500

302

-

8

4,006

March

608

315

987

43,223

445

-

550

5

1

7,234

April

407

273

712

2,222

332

215

429

1

1

45920

May

394

114

356

1,620

310

305

253

-

32

3,384

June

347

49

448

921

399

96

62

4

-

2,326

July

635

88

455

2,332

772

176

80

-

-

4,538

August

519

101

502

1,323

482

172

102

45

-

3,246

September

331

35

480

753

320

199

69

-

-

2,187

October

405

43

365

826

371

221

30

29

44

2,334

November

564

31

345

1,116

313

282

1,541

-

16

4,208

December

351

131

423

905

296

344

1,297

5

40

3,792

Total

5,569

1,602

6,534

17,837

4,722

2,932

5,166

96

200

44,658


66

Table A8: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Elmina Castle, 2003 Foreign Visitors Ghanaian Visitors

Month Adults Children Students Adults Children Students Staff

Tertiary Inst.

V.I.P

TOTAL

January

363

75

568

494

662

221

26

191

-

2,600

February

401

68

411

305

866

615

-

261

4

2,931

March

328

44

312

349

1,420

813

5

220

23

3,514

April

292

93

354

426

1,143

374

7

132

15

2,836

May

202

38

276

413

246

704

-

735

18

2,632

June

174

9

307

177

886

653

-

196

3

2,405

July

575

134

663

741

2,218

501

11

505

193

5,541

August

599

187

571

804

1,611

153

24

268

49

4,266

September

211

100

344

379

472

623

6

491

153

2,779

October

305

104

371

299

456

286

7

337

22

2,187

November

379

75

435

353

1,543

621

12

388

18

3,824

December

799

162

498

540

1,286

642

-

278

39

4,244

TOTAL

4,628

1,089

5,110

5,280

112,809

6,206

98

3,809

730

39,759


67

Table A9: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Elmina Castle, 2004 Non- Ghanaians Ghanaians Non- Ghanaians Tertiary

Month Adults Children Adults Children Students Institution JSS & Prim. Pupil

Staff Visitors

VIP

Total

January

453

269

527

284

340

422

451

7

58

2,811

February

555

153

934

1,212

342

500

302

-

8

4,006

March

608

315

987

43,223

445

-

550

5

1

7,234

April

407

273

712

2,222

332

215

429

1

1

4,592

May

394

114

356

1,620

310

305

253

-

32

3,384

June

347

49

448

921

399

96

62

4

-

2,326

July

635

88

455

2.332

772

176

80

-

-

4,538

August

519

101

502

1,323

482

172

102

45

-

3,246

September

331

35

480

753

320

199

69

-

-

2,187

October

405

43

365

826

371

221

30

29

44

2,334

November

564

31

345

1,116

313

282

1,541

-

16

4,208

December

351

131

423

905

296

344

1,297

5

40

3,792

Total

5,569

1,602

6,534

17,837

4,722

2,932

5,166

96

200

44,658


68

Table A10: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Cape Coast Castle, 2000 Foreigners Ghanaians Foreign Tertiary

Month Adults Children Adults Children Students Institution JSS & Prim. Pupil

V.I.P

TOTAL

January

327

41

773

165

270

120

57

-

1,753

February

484

26

457

522

144

53

1,082

4

2,772

March

360

48

545

641

166

201

631

48

2,640

April

349

85

693

138

422

140

1,257

7

3,091

May

236

20

502

52

129

117

208

10

1,274

June

337

70

653

506

267

200

404

-

2,442

July

806

89

1,163

821

395

415

1,375

8

5,077

August

1,076

78

1,515

834

948

303

647

-

5,404

September

290

43

1,082

128

439

152

462

-

2,598

October

310

28

778

94

315

185

663

-

2,373

November

250

15

489

63

280

311

478

-

1,889

December

200

12

697

401

192

247

708

-

2,457

Total

5,048

555

9,352

4,365

3,967

2,444

7,972

77

33,770


69

Table A11: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Cape Coast Castle, 2001 Month

Ghanaians Adults Children

Non Ghanaians Adults Children

Ghanaian Students Adults Children

Non Ghanaian Adults

V I P’s

Total

January

962

235

447

56

79

358

487

6

2,630

February

725

598

492

38

181

468

360

6

2,868

March

1,197

599

540

36

368

2,157

429

8

5,334

April

825

1,031

204

59

148

186

420

40

2,913

May

625

447

322

27

342

360

306

-

2,429

June

841

335

287

113

286

1,251

262

-

3,375

July

1,162

1,606

493

80

182

474

413

-

4,410

August

708

1,477

309

122

114

615

299

18

3,662

September

645

463

261

41

281

233

320

100

2,344

October

487

962

335

28

281

1,271

327

180

3,808

November

322

609

328

27

225

970

211

103

2,795

December

503

459

579

138

275

393

303

123

2,773

Total

9,002

8,821

4,597

765

2,699

8,736

4,137

584

39,341


70

Table A12: Monthly Visitor Arrivals to Cape Coast Castle, 2002

Month

Foreign Adults Children

Ghanaian Adults Children

Foreign Students

Tertiary Institution

JSS & Prim. Pupil

Staff

V.I.P

Total

January

483

36

686

206

278

203

127

-

16

2,035

February

312

17

546

372

207

119

1,682 10

-

3,265

March

429

49

347

628

178

345

809

34

36

2855

April

216

92

408

215

324

262

1,358

-

8

2,883

May

283

21

396

346

117

371

711

16

57

2,318

June

. 228

19

345

27

229

176

1,138

137

91

2,390

July

286

124

367

98

254

59

2,556

169

79

4,192

August

306

93

515

4

221

282

1,431

192

138

3,319

September

140

53

352

68

127

296

1,494

33

73

2,636

October

145

35

263

27

159

51

832

38

26

1,576

November

190

11

272

164

109

146

1,640

32

76

2,640

December

137

30

241

36

124

150

739

14

3

1,474

Total

3,255

580

4,738

2,328

2,327

2,460

14,517

675

703

31,583


71


Foreign Visitors Ghanaian Visitors Month Adults Students Children Adults Student Children

Staff Visit

VIPS

Total

January

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

February

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

March

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

April

206

169

91

392

134

1,533

56

35

2,616

May

132

108

23

253

203

696

43

34

1,492

June

208

199

47

258

92

1,165

44

62

1,995

July

419

485

111

416

81

2,690

51

66

3,319

August

307

312

108

386

54

1,542

82

39

2,830

September

205

298

34

711

304

897

34

35

2,918

October

311

237

32

278

127

1,368

86

44

2,483

November

372

212

43

171

118

1,914

21

9

2,860

December

420

290

67

376

274

1,167

27

27

2,648


72


Non-Ghanaians Ghanaian Visitors Month Adult Children Students Adult Children Students

Staff

VIP’s

Total

January

308

62

467

294

779

113

37

-

2,060

February

270

23

242

314

1,616

115

21

74

2,675

March

290

63

323

420

7,937

160

29

4

4,226

April

460

92

274

350

1,532

348

14

17

3,087

May

353

22

287

294

1,862

319

72

65

3,272

June

267

21

381

305

2,665

97

16

36

3,788

July

576

76

502

580

2,560

187

27

24

4,532

August

679

124

420

914

1,503

185

86

32

3,945

September

265

30

249

284

1,016

390

25

-

2,199

October

363

44

240

265

7761

119

121

70

1,938

November

426

44

395

523

1,658

418

-

88

3,352

December

334

10

454

342

601

17

5

2

1,765

Total

4,471

611

4,242

4,685

19,505

2,468

453

453

36,845


73

Table A15: Monthly Visitor Arrival Figures on Canopy Walkway, Kakum National Park, 1997

Month

Ghanaians Adult

Non Ghanaian Adults

Ghanaian Students

Non Ghanaian Student

Total

January

809

506

833

256

2,404

February

700

690

829

314

2,533

March

717

693

1,168

359

2,937

April

849

697

1,004

400

2,940

May

717

477

1,009

209

2,412

June

414

322

928

411

2,075

July

1,236

710

2,518

763

5,217

August

1,282

835

2,279

868

5,264

September

846

419

807

322

2,494

October

775

440

1,205

406

2,825

November

495

490

1,164

286

2,435

December

1,023

834

1,679

431

3,967

Grand Total

9,863

7,103

16,533

5,014

37,503

Source: Ghana Heritage Conservation Trust

74

Table A16: Monthly Visitor Arrival Figures on Canopy Walkway, Kakum National Park, 1999 Month

Ghanaians Adult

Non Ghanaian Adults

Ghanaian Students

Non Ghanaian Student

Non Paying

Total

January

818

654

653

490

277

2,892

February

612

708

1,195

395

178

3,088

March

966

706

1,922

300

289

4,183

April

1,744

815

1,311

424

232

4,526

May

1,236

597

680

298

232

3,043

June

1,268

308

1,111

295

227

3,209

July

2,805

852

1,808

814

464

6,743

August

2,110

1,449

2,078

726

471

6,834

September

1,698

789

754

316

207

3,764

October

1,634

876

606

408

181

3,705

November

1,747

1,119

1,438

326

509

5,139

December

2,099

829

1,275

494

370

5,067

Grand Total

18,737

9,702

14,831

5,286

3,637

52,193


75


Ghanaians

Non Ghanaians

Ghanaian Student/Children

Non Ghanaians Student/Children

Non Paying

Total

January

1,890

1,076

363

493

-

3,822

February

612

708

1,195

395

178

3,088

March

966

706

1,922

300

289

4,183

April

1,744

815

1,311

424

232

4,526

May

1,236

597

680

298

232

3,043

June

1,268

308

1,111

295

227

3,209

July

2,805

852

1,808

814

464

6,743

August

2,110

1,449

2,078

726

471

6,834

September

1,698

789

754

316

207

3,764

October

1,634

876

606

408

181

3,705

November

1,747

1,116

1,438

326

509

5,136

December

2,099

829

1,275

494

370

5,067

Grand Total

19,809

10,121

14,541

5,289

3,360

53,120


76


Ghanaians

Non Ghanaians


Non Ghanaian Student/Children

V.I.P's

Hikings Other

Total

January

547

911

917

670

73

772

3,890

February

426

916

456

1,797

108

919

4,622

March

550

928

3,650

504

100

2,045

7,777

April

920

1,087

2,613

700

106

1,770

7,196

May

620

704

2,779

330

62

796

5,291

June

592

534

2,840

712

146

1,270

6,094

July

988

1,151

3,004

1,286

154

1,640

8,223

August

1,357

1,279

3,275

984

117

696

7,708

September

643

512

2,687

512

179

740

5,273

October

615

591

2,498

462

115

-

4,281

November

472

828

207

340

95

1,267

3,209

December

969

797

2,200

666

102

852

5,586

Grand Total

8,699

10,238

27,126

8,963

1,357

12,767

69,150


77

Table A19: Monthly Visitor Arrival Figures on Canopy Walkway, Kakum National Park, 2002


Month

Ghanaians

Non Ghanaians



Hikings Other

Total

January

797

796

1,358

768

698

4,417

February

464

829

2,406

562

558

4,819

March

827

899

4,058

606

1,428

7,818

April

767

744

4,809

535

1,152

8,007

May

651

600

4,059

397

751

6,458

June

541

462

2,707

832

-

4,542

July

1,171

891

5,165

1,104

-

8,331

August

1,221

852

4,118

950

-

7,141

September

923

459

3,083

684

30

5,179

October

621

830

2,852

542

43

4,888

November

547

812

5,128

370

406

7,263

December

1,177

771

4746

658

422

7,774

Grand Total

9,707

8,945

44,489

8008

5,488

76,637

78


Ghanaians

Non Ghanaians



Hikings Other

Total

January

963

767

1,929

825

388

4,872

February

485

755

2,627

616

358

4,841

March

612

672

4,246

593

949

7,072

April

541

418

2,930

487

211

4,587

May

464

426

2,047

403

169

3,509

June

354

511

1,385

687

322

3,259

July

917

867

3,622

1,328

30

6,764

August

1,176

927

3,237

1,068

1,447

7,855

September

674

412

1,416

597

368

3,467

October

533

717

887

462

328

2,927

November

496

782

2,180

514

131

4,103

December

978

1,141

2,175

622

1,055

5,971

Grand Total

8,193

8,395

28,681

8,202

5,756

59,227


79


Ghanaians

Non Ghanaians

Ghanaians Student/Children


Hikings Other

Total

January

878

778

776

1,747

247

4,426

February

581

876

657

2,535

454

5,103

March

533

709

610

4,061

978

6,891

April

777

1,022

620

2,786

1,241

6,446

May

501

532

664

2,887

1,269

5,853

June

459

584

799

2,943

490

5,275

July

1,125

947

1,252

5,055

3,015

11,394

August

1,113

848

1,146

4,162

1,003

8,272

September

697

462

509

1,846

367

3,881

October

575

784

523

1,788

631

4,301

November

810

815

513

2,730

818

5,686

December

1,097

738

702

3,276

282

6,095

Grand Total

9,146

9,095

8,771

35,816

10,795

73,623


80

Table A22: Visitor Arrivals to Accra Zoological Gardens, 1998 - 2004 Years

Month 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 January

6555

5506

24199

2517

4574

5364

5071

February

4205

3746

11926

19079

3896

4762

7089

March

7362

10075

22537

9561

4794

11114

10574

April

8356

13462

15690

4424

3086

9176

6084

May

3542

7483

10246

2764

4413

4373

5200

June

3996

9464

14197

2426

4072

6197

5908

July

9651

17711

18264

5695

7260

11167

10830

August

12072

17905

5009

4281

9467

10275

9697

September

6627

11224

3694

1796

5529

4624

4590

October

3632

10511

5042

4265

3631

2881

3897

November

3261

9585

6293

4781

4819

5401

7057

December

10408

22998

6609

6210

9126

7287

9444

Total

85,600

139670

140029

67799

64667

82621

85441


81

Table A23: Monthly visitor Arrivals to Bobiri Forest and Butterfly Sanctuary, 2004 Same-day Visitors

Overnight Visitors

Total Visitors Same-Day And Overnight Visitors

Grand Total

Month

Ghanaians A

Non-Ghanaians B

Ghanaians C

Non-Ghanaians D

Ghanaians A+B

Non-Ghanaians B+C

(A+B+C+D)

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

2

-

200

122

73

-

2

18

79

9

43

35

34

18

22

48

39

37

94

36

7

58

30

21

9

4

2

-

4

3

14

-

-

6

5

2

47

22

30

26

31

17

196

101

20

54

48

92

11

4

2

122

77

3

16

18

79

15

48

37

81

40

52

74

70

54

290

137

27

112

78

113

92

44

254

196

147

57

306

155

106

127

126

150 TOTAL

583

444

49

684

632

1,128

1,760

Source: Nature Conservation Research Centre (NCRC)

82

Appendix B: Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Kumasi Zoological Gardens, 2001 – 2004 Table B 1: Monthly Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Kumasi Zoological Gardens, 2001

Adults Children Month Ghanaians Non Gh. Ghanaians Non Gh.

Total visitors

Revenue

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

1,483

1,032

1,321

1,339

978

920

1,491

2,264

1,358

1,046

1,406

2,864

17

24

21

23

23

26

43

62

41

24

7

27

838

1,405

1,336

1557

863

898

1,492

3,477

1,989

1,202

411

4,332

2

3

0

3

3

2

2

11

16

0

1

6

2,340

2,464

2,678

2,922

1,867

1,846

3,028

5,814

3,404

2,272

1,825

7,229

1,920,000

1,760,000

2,010,000

2042000

1,434,000

1,396,000

2,278,000

4,070,000

2,400,000

1,671,000

2,119,000

6,060,000


83

Table B 2: Monthly Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Kumasi Zoological Gardens, 2002 Adults Children

Month Ghanaians

Non Ghanaians

Ghanaians

Non Ghanaians

Total no. of visitors

Revenue collected

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

1,976

1,809

2,033

1,636

2,178

1,606

2,804

2,966

3,034

2,088

2,670

5,661

29

25

27

24

26

17

36

14

16

12

7

9

2,799

2,052

3,107

2,120

1,759

2,078

4,259

4,471

4,205

3,157

4,014

8,508

1

0

3

0

3

2

8

2

2

0

0

0

4,805

3,886

5,170

3,780

3,966

3,705

7,107

7,453

7,257

5,257

6,691

1,4178

3,405,000

2,860,000

3,615,000

2,720,000

3,085,000

2,665,000

1,973,500

5,216,500

5,153,500

3,678,500

4,684,000

9,924,000


Table B3: Monthly Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Kumasi Zoological Gardens, 2003 Month Adults Children Total visitors Revenue January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

3,816

2,992

3,766

2,801

2,410

2,122

2,693

1,173

1,022

7,26

1,455

1,542

5,716

3,400

3,329

4,195

3,613

3,175

4,038

2,287

1,395

1,087

2,405

2,454

9,532

6,392

7,095

6,996

6,023

5,297

6,731

3,460

2,417

1,813

3,860

3,996

6,675,000

4,692,000

5,430,500

4,898,500

4,216,500

3,709,500

4,712,000

1,055,6000

8,152,500

6,348,000

1,273,0500

1,590,6000


84

Table B4: Monthly Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Kumasi Zoological Gardens, 2004

Adults Children Month

Ghanaians Non Ghanaians

Ghanaians

Non Ghanaians

Total visitors

Revenue

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

1,194

1,142

1,195

1,511

1,207

1,135

1,469

1,654

1,263

1,066

1,386

1,434

63

14

8

24

15

6

24

23

30

28

23

19

2,009

1,964

2,111

2,192

1,591

2,415

3,428

2,429

1,287

1,518

4,335

2,381

0

12

3

13

3

2

12

0

6

6

0

11

3,266

3,132

3,317

3,740

2,800

3,558

4,933

4,106

2,587

2,618

5,744

3,845

10,461,500

9,257,500

9,440,000

11,687,500

11,754,500

9,598,000

12,280,000

12,414,000

9,119,500

8,103,000

14,865,500

11,730,000


85

Appendix C: Revenue from Cape Coast and Elmina Castles, 1995 - 2004

Table C1: Monthly Revenue from Elmina Castle, 1995 – 2004

(revenue in million cedis)

Month

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

2.25

3.93

2.21

1.22

2.30

1.53

2.70

2.96

2.41

2.01

1.82

1.12

2.53

4.53

2.39

1.23

2.58

1.74

3.70

3.72

2.92

2.06

3.67

4.55

4.41

3.28

6.72

3.69

2.46

4.92

10.87

8.46

8.11

1.31

12.37

5.73

7.54

5.30

11.92

8.69

3.19

5.90

10.03

10.12

15.68

2.38

4.17

6.64

5.79

8.99

9.47

7.64

6.81

4.13

8.66

21.22

5.92

6.79

6.21

7.82

6.10

9.20

9.70

12.51

10.50

7.57

27.20

39.32

13.10

20.23

23.98

20.41

25.71

23.60

16.75

24.15

11.11

13.71

22.65

26.74

16.66

6.17

6.84

10.75

24.14

2857

32.67

22.88

2075

23.63

27.32

31.09

17.88

17.71

28.43

18.25

28.66

25.32

24.47

20.91

15.55

9.33

39.30

39.93

23.15

19.59

19.55

28.24

29.22

14.85

30.14

18.10

19.13

27.42

27.28

49.39

14.32

15.44

27.84

19.38


86

Table C2: Monthly Revenue from Cape Coast Castle, 1995 – 2004

(receipts in million cedis)

Month

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

1.98

3.60

2.11

1.86

1.25

1.20

2.46

2.50

1.88

1.99

1.99

1.80

2.20

4.10

2.57

1.99

1.38

1.13

3.01

3.00

2.01

2.07

3.12

4.21

3.0

2.01

6.31

3.11

2.96

4.01

8.97

8.89

7.20

1.39

10.68

5.63

7.10

6.01

8.63

8.52

2.95

4.79

8.60

7.99

13.89

2.26

4.59

5.83

4.73

7.48

7.75

6.56

5.21

4.11

8.50

15.68

5.38

5.82

3.49

6.83

4.77

9.00

10.10

10.97

11.16

8.96

22.06

35.41

8.61

17.24

20.72

16.14

18.98

17.56

16.15

25.14

8.22

7.05

31.75

39.68

5.21

41.68

28.03

13.82

22.07

26.26

28.04

18.96

12.75

12.78

41.84

13.39

18.08

7.80

20.33

13.21

18.95

13.87

12.37

18.17

15.91

15.89

22.51

34.14

14.05

13.95

12.36

14.87

23.09

17.31

21.68

23.08

12.99

14.35

26.36

54.01

17.23

17.43

20.89

24.55


87

Appendix D: Air Passenger Service Charge, 1995 – 2002

Table D1: Airport Tax – International and Domestic (cedis)

Year

International

Domestic

Total

1995

3,350,587

9,525

3,360,112

1996

5,859,386

11,034

5,870,420

1997

8,303,285

17,113

8,320,390

1998

10,590,364

22,881

10,613,245

1999

13,277,026

35,524

13,312,550

2000

28,220,375

14,979

28,235,354

2001

40,058,304

-

40,058,304

2002

48,436,586

29,756

48,466,342


88

Table D2: Percentage Distribution of Airport Tax, 1995 – 2002(%)

(International and Domestic)

Year

International Service Charge

Domestic Service charge

Total

1995

99.72

0.28

100

1996

99.80

0.20

100

1997

99.78

0.21

100

1998

99.78

0.22

100

1999

99.73

0.27

100

2000

99.95

0.05

100

2001

100.00

-

100

2002

99.94

0.06

100

Average 1998 - 2002

99.88

0.12

100


89

Appendix E: Hotel Room Rates

Table E1: Average Hotel Room Rates by Category of Hotels, 1996 – 2001

(rate in US dollars)

Category

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

Five - Star

321.25

320.00

320.00

270.00

260.00

260.00

Four – Star

266.75

240.00

238.67

300.75

236.25

236.25

Three – Star

73.38

73.29

76.11

72.06

73.99

75.43

Two - Star

21.45

34.19

35.53

44.71

28.39

31.21

Guest House

20.85

23.06

26.17

22.88

17.98

18.13

One - Star

15.13

13.56

17.08

19.95

13.95

12.29

Budget Hotel

-

-

-

-

14.00

21.84

Unclassified

-

-

-

-

33.05

29.00


90

Appendix F: Monthly Visitor Arrivals and Revenue Accruing to Aburi Botanic Gardens, 1996 – 2004

Table F1: Monthly Revenue from Aburi Botanic Gardens, 1996

(revenue in millions of cedis) Month

Accommodation

Gate fees

Total

January 4.8 0.1 4.8 February 5.0 1.2 6.2 March 1.0 0.2 1.2 April 6.6 0.8 7.4 May 1.3 0.2 1.5 June 6.3 0.3 6.6 July 3.8 0.3 4.1 August 9.6 - 9.6 September 4.1 - 4.1 October 3.2 - 3.2 November 4.8 0.9 5.7 December 6.3 1.6 7.9 Total

56.0

5.6

62.3

Source: Parks and Gardens



Accommodation

Gate fees

Total

January 5.9 1.4 7.3 February 3.6 0.9 4.7 March 8.2 1.4 9.6 April 11.9 1.0 12.9 May 7.9 1.4 9.3 June 5.7 1.0 6.7 July 7.9 2.3 10.2 August 10.1 3.5 13.6 September 7.7 3.0 10.7 October 7.7 2.3 9.9 November 6.8 0.6 7.4 December 9.7 3.8 13.5 Total

93.5

22.6

115.8


91

Table F3: Monthly Revenue from Aburi Botanic Gardens, 1998 (revenue in millions of cedis)

Month

Accommodation

Gate fees

Total


94.5

32.2

127.0




Accommodation

Gate fees

Total


123.9

36.6

154.5


92


Month

Accommodation

Gate fees

Total


126.8

58.7

185.4




Accommodation

Gate fees

Total


160.8

124.0

284.9


93


Month

Accommodation

Gate fees

Total


363.5

154.9

518.4




Accommodation

Gate fees

Total


255.1

91.5

346.6


94


Month

Accommodation

Gate fees

Total


245.6

163.7

409.3


Table F10: Monthly Visitation to Aburi Botanic Gardens, 1997 Month

Adults

Students

Children

Total

January 1,682 886 791 3,359 February 1,683 1,339 1,113 4,135 March 1,100 1,848 1,591 4,539 April 1,332 774 747 2,853 May 1,012 1,031 658 2,701 June 1425 702 572 2,699 July 1,891 1,645 1,558 5,094 August 2,773 2,866 1,645 7,284 September 2,112 1,434 1,252 4,789 October 2,355 1,422 1,760 5,537 November 654 1,244 498 3,396 December 2,783 2,545 1,619 6,947 Total

21,802

17,736

13,804

53,342


95


Adults

Students

Children

Total

January 2,935 1,504 1,024 5,463 February 1,900 1,299 1,107 4,306 March 1,653 2,035 8,59 4,547 April 1,841 1,828 7,76 4,445 May 2,553 1,027 479 3,859 June 3,309 2,002 1,229 6,540 July 6,003 5,194 1,057 1,2254 August 3,651 3,236 1,190 8,077 September 2,029 1,081 427 3,537 October 2,334 1,385 363 4,082 November 2,446 9,01 154 3,501 December 2,404 1,536 505 4,445 Total 32,858 23,028 9,170 65,056 Source: Parks and Gardens


Adults

Students

Children

Total

January 2,432 1,343 1,220 4,995 February 2,370 1,822 1,659 5,851 March 2,582 2,843 1,780 7,205 April 2,782 1,841 8,92 5,515 May 2,030 1,014 985 4,029 June 2,295 1,143 849 4,287 July 6,347 3,325 1,756 11,428 August 2,904 2,040 862 5,806 September 1,154 733 609 2,496 October 1,762 833 361 2,956 November 2,062 1,576 929 4,507 December 2,241 1,641 1,030 4,912 Total

30,961

20,094

12,932

63,987


96


Adults

Students

Children

Total

January 2,928 1,428 867 5,223 February 2,882 893 719 4,494 March 2,778 1219 672 4,669 April 3,300 617 840 4,757 May 2,080 507 232 2,819 June 3,318 839 507 4,664 July 4,197 1,195 917 6,203 August 5,493 1,383 2,806 9,682 September 3,651 1,151 1,281 6,083 October 3,947 969 1,534 6,450 November 2,526 681 769 3,976 December 3,931 1,754 784 6,190 Total

41,031

12,636

11,928

65,595



Adults

Students

Children

Total

January 3,023 1,264 701 6,087 February 2,985 9,65 718 2,894 March 3,944 1,741 2,581 6,248 April 4,441 1,487 2,420 4,539 May 2,746 986 1,250 3,439 June 2,797 824 1,532 5,407 July 6,478 1,176 1,505 12,107 August 3,284 1,041 1,149 6,224 September 1,919 1,145 585 3,978 October 2,488 563 891 3,121 November 1,913 1,280 1,123 5,021 December 3,723 2,443 2,136 4,034 Total

39,741

14,915

16,591

71,247


97


Adults

Students

Children

Total

January 2,947 2,028 1,112 6,087 February 1,906 4,58 5,30 2,894 March 2,591 2,030 1,627 6,248 April 1,996 1,592 951 4,539 May 1,410 1,295 734 3,439 June 1,962 1,115 2,330 5,407 July 4,868 3,999 3,248 12,107 August 2,549 2,284 1,391 6,224 September 1,915 903 1,160 3,978 October 1,632 716 773 3,121 November 3,003 938 1,080 5,021 December 1,840 1,503 691 4,034 Total

28,609

18,863

15,627

63,099



Adults

Students

Children

Total

January 1,442 1,603 1,122 4,167 February 1,014 8,52 1,297 3,163 March 1,151 1,260 1,532 3,943 April 1,703 1,723 1,868 5,294 May 1,476 1,300 827 3,603 June 1,180 1,043 1,058 3,281 July 1,464 1,259 1,601 4,324 August 2,274 2,149 2,640 7,063 September 1,928 2,151 1,797 5,876 October 2,882 1,679 1,582 6,143 November 1,609 1,349 2,1593 4,596 December 2,827 1,926 2,267 7,020 Total

20,950

18,339

19,184

59,693


98


Adults

Students

Children

Total

January 2,012 1,171 1,111 4,294 February 1,833 8,85 1,116 3,834 March 2,322 1,756 2,091 6,169 April 3,471 1,728 1,629 6,828 May 1,917 1,515 486 3,918 June 1,590 1,309 1,305 4,204 July 2,835 1,495 1,678 6,009 August 2,598 1,653 1,367 5,618 September 1,769 1,055 877 3,701 October 1,665 815 694 3,174 November 2,262 1,246 949 4,457 December 2,670 2,600 2,217 7,487 Total

26,944

17,228

15,521

59,693


99

TECHNICAL NOTES

“Tourism” comprised the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their

usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business

and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from

within the place visited.

“Domestic tourism” is the tourism of resident visitors within the economic territory of the

country of residence.

Eco-tourism: “is a responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and

improves the well-being of local people” (The International Eco-tourism

Society’s definition).

Visitor: Any person who travels to a place or country other than in which he/she has

his/her usual residence but outside his/her usual environment for a period not

exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose of visit is other than the exercise of

an activity remunerated from within the place or country visited.

(Recommendations on Tourism Statistics – UNWTO, 1993).

Tourist: A visitor who stays at least one night in a collective or private accommodation in

the place or country visited. (Recommendations on Tourism Statistics –

UNWTO, 1993).

Same-day visitor: A visitor who does not spend the night in a collective or private

accommodation in the place or country visited. (Recommendations on Tourism

Statistics – UNWTO, 1993)

Long haul Travel: Refers to arrivals of residents of any country of a particular region to any

country or any region other than their own.

Room Occupancy Rates: Provide an indication of the level of demand for the accommodation

available in the country.

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