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Chapter ResourcesChapter Resources
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earth.msscience.com
Image Bank
Foldables
Video Clips and Animations
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter Review Questions
Chapter Summary
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earth.msscience.com
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Click on individual thumbnail images to view larger versions.
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To transfer images to your own power point follow the following steps:
• Open the “Resource” file from the CD-ROM disc – view the file in the “normal view” or “slide sorter view” mode - go to slide #2 – from there you can click through the images and follow these instructions. Click once on the image.
• Copy the image
• Go to your own power point document
• Paste the image.
Transfer Images
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Ridges and Trenches
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Subduction Zones
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Mineral Resources in the Ocean
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Ocean Life Eating
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Kelp Forest
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Shark
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Energy Relationships
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Deep Sea Hydro thermal Vent
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Coral
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Salmon
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Diatom
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School of Fish
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Crab
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Sea Anemone
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Sandy Beach
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Sea Star
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Coral Reef
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Ocean Pollutants
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Sewage
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Oil Pollution
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Trash on the Beach
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Harmful Algal Bloom
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Recycling
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FoldablesFoldables
The Seafloor
Make the following Foldable to help you identify the features of the seafloor.
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FoldablesFoldables
Fold a sheet of paper in half lengthwise. Make the back edge about 1.25 cm longer than the front edge.
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FoldablesFoldables
Fold in half, then fold in half again to make three folds.
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FoldablesFoldables
Unfold and cut only the top layer along the three folds to make four tabs.
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FoldablesFoldables
Label the tabs as shown.
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FoldablesFoldables
As you read the chapter, draw seafloor features on the front of the tabs and write information about them under the tabs.
Find Main Ideas
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Video ClipsVideo Clips
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11Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• The continental shelf is a gently sloping part of the continent that extends into the oceans. The continental slope extends form the continental shelf to the ocean floor. The abyssal plain is a flat area of the ocean floor.
The Seafloor
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11Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Along mid-ocean ridges, new seafloor forms. Seafloor slips beneath another crustal plate at a trench.
The Seafloor
• Petroleum, natural gas, and placer deposits are mined from continental shelves. Manganese nodules and other mineral deposits can be found in deep water.
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22Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Marine organisms are specially adapted to live in salt water. They produce or consume food, and reproduce in the oceans.
Life in the Ocean
• Photosynthesis is the basis of most of the food chains in the ocean. Chemosynthesis is a process of making food using chemical energy. Energy is transferred through food webs.
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22Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Organisms that drift in ocean currents are called plankton. Nekton are marine organisms that swim. Benthos are plants and animals that live on or near the ocean floor.
Life in the Ocean
• Ocean margin habitats, found along the continental shelf, include sandy beaches, rocky shores, estuaries, and coral reefs.
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33Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Sources of pollution include sewage, chemical pollution, oil spills, solid waste pollution, and sediment.
Ocean Pollution
• Ocean pollution can disrupt food webs and threaten marine organisms.
• International treaties and U.S. laws have been made to help reduce ocean pollution.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 1
Flat seafloor areas are __________.
A. abyssal plainsB. continental shelvesC. continental slopesD. seamounts
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
The answer is A. Abyssal plains range from 4000 m to 6000 m below the ocean surface.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 2
What are the long narrow depressions where one crustal plate sinks beneath another called?
A. plainB. ridgeC. slope D. trench
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
The answer is D. Most trenches are found in the Pacific Basin.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 3
Which of the following marine organisms usesphotosynthesis to produce food?
A. algaeB. dolphinC. shrimpD. whale
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
The answer is A. Dolphins, shrimp and whales are consumers.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 4
What is the first link of a food chain?
A. consumerB. copepodC. decomposerD. producer
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
The answer is D. Producers include plants, photosynthetic algae, and chemosynthetic bacteria.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 5
Marine organisms that drift with currents are called __________.
A. benthosB. nektonC. planktonD. producers
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
The answer is C. Some plankton are producers, some are consumers.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 1
At what depth would you expect to find layers of sediment that have settled into flat areas?
A. 200 mB. 1000 mC. 6000 mD. 10,000 m
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is C. These flat areas are calledabyssal plains.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 2
A. 10%B. 23%
C. 44%D. 77%
What percentage of oil entering the oceans each year results from activities on land?
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is D. This is the combined total of the percentages from runoff and airborne emissions.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 3
Based on the data in the table on the next slide, which of these seafloor structures is located 150 km from shore?
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Distance from
shore (km)
Depth to
Ocean Floor (m)
150 200
500 3,500
1,000 4,500
2,000 5,500
2,500 5,800
3,000 4,075
4,000 3,700
4,500 3,000
4,750 2,500
5,000 1,800
5,050 900
5,150 0
A. abyssal plainB. continental shelfC. continental slopeD. oceanic trench
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is B. The continental shelf is located near the coast at depths up to 350 m.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 4
According to the table on the next slide, at what distance form shore is there a volcanic island?
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Distance from
shore (km)
Depth to
Ocean Floor (m)
150 200
500 3,500
1,000 4,500
2,000 5,500
2,500 5,800
3,000 4,075
4,000 3,700
4,500 3,000
4,750 2,500
5,000 1,800
5,050 900
5,150 0
A. 1,000 kmB. 2,500 kmC. 4,750 kmD. 5,150 km
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is D. At 5,150 km the depth to the ocean floor is zero which indicates that there is land present.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 5
Which mineral resource is most widely distributed in Earth’s oceans?
A. diamondsB. goldC. manganese nodulesD. tin
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is C. There are large areas of the oceans containing manganese nodules.
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End of Chapter Resources File
