CHAPTER V

The writing of the second novels, the. . . .

EL FILIBUSTERISMO

AND RIZAL’S SECOND HOME COMING

BrusselsJanuary 28, 1890

Rizal left Paris for Brussels, the capital of Belgium. Rizal was accompanied by Jose Albert when he moved to Brussels. They lived in a boarding house on 38 Rue Philippe Champagne which was run by two Jacoby sisters.

Rizal worked day after day revising the finished manuscript of El Filibusterismo and readied it for printing.

Rizal was busy writing his second novel "El Filibusterismo". Aside from writing its chapters, he wrote articles for La Solidaridad.

Days flew fast like arrows in Brussels. Rizal, unmindful of Suzzanne Jacoby’s enticing affection was busy correcting and polishing his second novel “El Filibusterismo”.

October 1887 - He begun writing in Calamba.

Madrid & Biarritz

August 1890 – when Rizal arrived in Madrid.

1888 - He made some changes in the plot and revised the chapter already written. He wrote more chapters in Paris, Madrid & Biarritz.

Rizal was made a master Mason on

November 15, 1890 at Logia

Solidaridad 53 in Madrid, Orient of

France on October 14, 1891, and was

made as an honorary worshipful

Master of Nilad Lodge No. 144 in

1892. There he delivered a lecture

“La Masonrieria”.

French Riviera - Rizal took a vacation in the Resort City of Biarritz. Rizal was the guest of the Boustead Family.

Nellie Bousteada daughter of Boustead Family.Rizal courted Nelly, who in turn reciprocated

his affection.Rizal had a plans of marrying Nellie, but failed.Nelly wanted Rizal to spouse Protestantism

before their marriage.

  He tried all legal means to seek justice for his family and the Calamba tenants, but to no avail.

March 29, 1891 – he finished the manuscripts in Biarritz, after toiling on it three years.

Biarritz - where Rizal had finished the last chapter of his novel El Filibusterismo.

March 30, 1891Rizal proceeded to Paris by trainRizal retired from the Propaganda Movement and

retired also from the La Solidaridad.

GHENT

From Brussels Rizal moved to Ghent where printing was cheaper.

September 18, 1891- El Filbustersmo the sequel of  Noli Me Tangere came of the press.

July 5, 1891 - Rizal left Brussels for Ghent a famous university in Belgium.

PRIVATION ON GHENT

Reasons:

1. The cost of living was lower

2. The price of printing was much cheaper  than in Brussels.

3. To escape from enticing attraction of Petite Suzanne.

4. Owing to his limited funds, Rizal lived in a cheap

boarding house with Jose Alejandro as room mate.

5. They lived frugally in Ghent for three months -  from

July to September 1891.

6. To economize further on their living expenses, they

prepared their own breakfast.

THE PRINTING OF EL FILIBUSTERISMO

   Rizal searched for a printing shop that could give him the lowest quotation for the publication of his novel.

  At last he did find a publisher – F. MEYER VAN LOO PRESS, No. 66 Viaanderen Street-who was willing to print his book on installment basis.

 He pawned his jewels in order to down payment and early partial payments during the printing of his novel.

 Rizal became desperate because his funds were running low.

  He received money from Basa and P200 from Rodriguez Arias for the copies of Morga’s Sucesos sold in manila but these funds were also used up.

HONGKONG

After the publication of El Filibusterismo, Rizal left Europe for Hongkong. He lived there from November, 1891 to June 1892.

October 18, 1891

- Rizal boarded the streamer Melbourne in Marseilles bound for Hong Kong.

Makamisa, Dapitan and other untitled novel

- During the voyage he began writing his third novel in Tagalog.

November 20, 1891

- Rizal arrived in Hong Kong.

Rizal also practiced his ophthalmology in Hong Kong. There he became a well-known medical practitioner.

SECOND HOMECOMING of Rizal

June, 1892 – Rizal's bold to return in Manila in was his second coming.

3 reasons for going back to the Philippines

The Decoy, Trials & Grudges.

1. He wanted to talk to governor general Despusol about his Borneo colonization project.

2. He would establish La Liga Filipina to unite the Filipino people in the truest sense of unity and solidarity against violence and deprivation.

3. He would like to prove Eduardo de lete that the criticism published against him La Solidaridad had no basis but only pure specualation 

December 31, 1891 - He reiterated this belief in a letter in Madrid". In going home to lead anew the reform movement, he was like a biblical Daniel bearding the Spain lion in its own den.

June 26, 1892 - Rizal and his widowed sister Lucia arrived in Manila. In the afternoon, at 4:00 o'clock, he went to Malacañang Palace to seek audience with the Spanish Governor general, General Eulogio Despujol, Conde de Caspe.

He was told to come back at that night at 7:00 o'clock. Promptly at 7:00pm, he returned to Malacañang and was able to confer with Governor General Despujol who agree to pardon his father but not the rest of his family and told him to return on Wednesday (June 29). After his brief interview with Governor General, he visited his sister in the city - first Narcissa and Later Neneng.

Founding the La Liga Filipina

July 3, 1892 - Rizal attented a meeting of the patriots at the home of the Chinese-Filipino mestizo, Doroteo Ongjunco, on Ylaya Street, Tondo Manila. Among those present was

1. Pedro Serrano Laktaw (Panday Pira), a mason and school teacher;

2. Domingo Franco (Felipe Leal), a mason and tobacco shoekeeper;

3. Jose Ramos (Soccoro), engraver, printer, owner of Bazar Grand Bretana, and first worshipful Master of Nilad, first Filipino Masonic lodge;

4. Ambrosio Salvador, gobernadorcillo of Quiapo and Masoni;

5. Bonifacio Arevalo, dentists and Mason;

6. Deodato Arellano, brother in law o M.H del Pilar and civilian employee in the army;

7. Ambrosio Flores (Musa) retired lieutenant of infantry;

8. Agustin dela Rosa, bookeeper and Mason, Moises Salvador (Araw), contractor and Mason

Photograph of The Original “La Liga Filipina”

Rizal arrested and Jailed in Fort Santiago

July 6 - Rizal went to Malacañang Palace to resume his series of interviews with the governor general. During this interview Governor General Despujol suddenly showed him some printed leaflets which were allegedly found in Lucia's pillow cases.

These incriminatory leaflets were entitle Pobres Frailes (Poor Friars) under the authorship of Fr. Jacinto and printed by the Imprenta Delos Dominican Friars who amaze fabulous riches contrary to their monastic vow of poverty. Rizal vigorously denied having those leaflets in either his or Lucia's baggage, which had been thoroughly searched upon their arrival from Hong Kong by the custom authorities who found nothing.

July 7 – The Gaceta de Manila published the story of Rizal’s arrest when produced indignant commotion among the Filipino people.

July 7, 1892 - Arbitrary Deportation to Dapitan. The same issue of the Gaceta contained Governor General Despujol's decree deporting Rizal to "one of the islands in the South". The gubernatorial decree gave the reason for Rizal's deportation as follows:

The gubernatorial decree gave the reason for Rizal's deportation as follows:

1. Rizal had published books and articles abroad which showed disloyalty to Spain and which were “frankly anti Catholic” and “imprudently anti-friar”.

2. A few hours after his arrival in Manila “there was found in one of the packages a bundle of handbills entitled Pobres Frailes n which the patient and humble generosity of Filipinos.

3. His novel El Filibusterismo was dedicated to the memory of three “traitors” (GOMBURZA).

4. The end which he pursues in his efforts and writing is to tear from the loyal Filipino breasts the treasures of our holy Catholic faith.

July 14 (that 12:30 am of July 15, 1892) – Rizal was brought under heavy guard to the streamer Cebu was sailing for Dapitan.

July 17, 1892 – July 31, 1896 – Rizal began his exile in lonely Dapitan.