34 Chapter VI FIELD SURVEY Field Survey could only be completed within maximum 45 days only through careful planning, monitoring and management of the activities. Post survey stage activities shall also be undertaken, after a lead time, in parallel. The Unit Officer manages the entire field and office operations. It is a team work. Everyone should be encouraged to contribute whole heartedly to the success of the task ahead. There is no distinction in posting the manpower on the basis of gender, or experience in field work or office work, and it is to be done at the discretion of the Unit Officer. The work itself is highly procedure oriented and should be done with utmost care. There is no short cut to the procedures. The step wise procedure for field work is as follows; 6.1. Planning workshop: 6.1.1. As soon as the manpower assigned to a unit arrives, a one-day workshop shall be organized by the Unit officer, in a nearby hall, where the plan of deployment, the grids assigned to individual team etc are explained. 6.1.2. The type of attributes to be collected, the topo details to be captured, the procedure for recording different field registers and log books of the Electronic Total Stations shall be explained in the workshop and doubts of team members will be cleared. 6.1.3. The Work Allotment Plan (Form MS-8A) showing the different teams, the grids, the Camp, vehicle etc allotted shall be issued as an order of the Unit Officer to the survey teams and such order shall necessarily contain the details of grids assigned, the serial number of equipment assigned. The name of the team leader and the team formation/changes in team members shall be finalized in this work shop. 6.1.4. The teams are to be formed on the basis of their option to avail weekly off or monthly off as detailed in Chapter 12. 6.2. Arrangements for Issue of Materials & machines: 6.2.1. The field staff collects, coordinates other locational details of the control points coming in their grids from the camp office before proceeding to the field. The equipment, mainly Electronic Total Stations 18 and VHF sets issued to the team shall be inspected by the Team leader and shall be ensured that they are working properly. 6.2.2. The team leader ensures that the following items are received from the camp office along with the survey equipment and accessories; 6.2.2.1. Electronic Total Stations with Log Book (Form MS 9A,9B,9C) 18 It is necessary to establish two Points at a distance of say 25 m, with known coordinates, at the camp office so that the Survey team can check the accuracy of the Total Station issued to them.
Transcript
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Chapter VI
FIELD SURVEY Field Survey could only be completed within maximum 45 days only through careful planning, monitoring and management of the activities. Post survey stage activities shall also be undertaken, after a lead time, in parallel. The Unit Officer manages the entire field and office operations. It is a team work. Everyone should be encouraged to contribute whole heartedly to the success of the task ahead. There is no distinction in posting the manpower on the basis of gender, or experience in field work or office work, and it is to be done at the discretion of the Unit Officer. The work itself is highly procedure oriented and should be done with utmost care. There is no short cut to the procedures. The step wise procedure for field work is as follows;
6.1. Planning workshop: 6.1.1. As soon as the manpower assigned to a unit arrives, a one-day workshop
shall be organized by the Unit officer, in a nearby hall, where the plan of deployment, the grids assigned to individual team etc are explained.
6.1.2. The type of attributes to be collected, the topo details to be captured, the procedure for recording different field registers and log books of the Electronic Total Stations shall be explained in the workshop and doubts of team members will be cleared.
6.1.3. The Work Allotment Plan (Form MS-8A) showing the different teams, the grids, the Camp, vehicle etc allotted shall be issued as an order of the Unit Officer to the survey teams and such order shall necessarily contain the details of grids assigned, the serial number of equipment assigned. The name of the team leader and the team formation/changes in team members shall be finalized in this work shop.
6.1.4. The teams are to be formed on the basis of their option to avail weekly off or monthly off as detailed in Chapter 12.
6.2. Arrangements for Issue of Materials & machines: 6.2.1. The field staff collects, coordinates other locational details of the control
points coming in their grids from the camp office before proceeding to the field. The equipment, mainly Electronic Total Stations18 and VHF sets issued to the team shall be inspected by the Team leader and shall be ensured that they are working properly.
6.2.2. The team leader ensures that the following items are received from the camp office along with the survey equipment and accessories;
6.2.2.1. Electronic Total Stations with Log Book (Form MS 9A,9B,9C)
18 It is necessary to establish two Points at a distance of say 25 m, with known coordinates, at the
camp office so that the Survey team can check the accuracy of the Total Station issued to them.
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6.2.2.2. Accessories of Electronic Total Stations. 6.2.2.3. VHF Sets, if available 6.2.2.4. Laminated19 Field Drawing Sheet20(Topo Sheet 1) 6.2.2.5. The photocopies of all old FMBs coming in the grid 6.2.2.6. The coordinates of all the reference points in the adjoining grids, if
the issued grid sheets has no reference points 6.2.2.7. The blank coordinate sheets (Form. MS- 10) 6.2.2.8. The A3 size clip boards and fine ball point pen of black, blue and red
ink 6.2.2.9. Pencils and erasers 6.2.2.10. Set squares 6.2.2.11. Copies of Notices A & B 6.2.2.12. Notice Diary (Form. MS- 11) 6.2.2.13. Blank copies of Resurvey Data Sheet (Form. MS- 12) 6.2.2.14. Blank Copies of Attribute Sheets (Form . MS- 13 A & B)
6.2.3. The unit officer shall post an Office Supervisor to issue the materials
along with the modern survey equipment and accessories to the field staff as the Store Keeper. The list of equipment and materials to be issued to every team shall be prepared as per Form MS-14 and the signature of the team leader and all the members of the team shall be obtained on a photo copy of the Material Issue Sheet.
6.2.4. A certificate stating that the team members have inspected and are satisfied with the working condition of the equipment, mainly Total Station and VHF sets (if available), shall be obtained before taking them to the field. Any defective material should be returned immediately to the camp officer by the team.
6.2.5. Any equipment returned from the field for showing error or any defect shall not be issued to any other team without specific directions from the Unit Officer in charge of stores at the State Project Office.
6.2.6. While issuing the Electronic Total Stations, the Part II of Log book should be filled by recording the names of issuer and receiver. Similarly, when a Electronic Total Station is returned either due to fault or after the completion of work, the team member shall write their name as issuer and the Store keeper as the receiver. The details of the fault should be recorded before the Store keeper receives the equipment.
19 The back side of the Field Drawing Sheet is laminated to prevent damages during the Field work as
this field record is a very important document having legal value and should be preserved . 20 Only one field sheet will be issued at a time.
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Figure 11 : Topo Sheet 1 with Total Station Data super imposed over old FMB
6.3. Detailed Survey of Land Parcels:
The detailed procedure for field work (refer SOP-8, Vol II) is as follows; 6.3.1. The survey team on reaching the field identify control point in the same
grid field or the nearest in adjoining grid fields. If control point is available in the same grid area, then the work can be started from that point, otherwise the control point in the adjoining grid should be
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extended to the grid to be surveyed and started from the first land parcel inside the grid area at its periphery21.
6.3.2. The demarcation of undefined boundary of the first land parcel, where the Control Point exists or brought into, should be done by the Demarcator using wooden pegs22 which are previously numbered (numbering23 can be in a series starting from the No 1 but care should be taken that the same number is not repeated inside a grid).
6.3.3. Occupying control Points: 6.3.3.1. Occupy the Control Points as explained in the SOP; The coordinates
of the station occupied and back station are fed in the total station. This is done by one of the team members designated as Observer.
6.3.3.2. Check the measurements of back station. If distance observed and calculated agrees, then the observation of the demarcated boundary of land parcels can be commenced.
6.3.4. The demarcator should proceed to the adjoining land parcels and the boundaries which are to be observed next without changing the position of ETS24 shall be demarcated and wooden peg planted .
6.3.5. With observation of every point using ETS, northing, easting, height should be recorded in black ink in the coordinate sheet by the Recorder of the Team. The ‘observer’ should read aloud the observed values shown by the Electronic Total Stations to the ‘recorder’. Proper point IDs should be assigned before recording the coordinates. The recorder should read back the recorded values of the coordinates from the
21 The survey Note: In order to understand the extent or limits of the grid sheets, the corner values of
the grid can be fed into the ETS and STAKE OUT (see SOP8, Vol II) will give the location of the corner sheets; the survey teams are advised to follow this till they gather sufficient experience to identify the approximate limits of the grid boundaries.
22 The procedure has done away with the requirement of preparation eye sketch/ D- sketch which was consuming much of the time of the field staff. There is no need for location survey in this method as any bend point on the old FMB could approximately be located on ground using STAKE OUT method/ program of Total station. Similarly since observation is done immediately after the demarcation, there is no requirement of D- sketch. The plotting of Total station data will straight away produce fair location sketch, which was earlier drawn only after a series of operations on ground and in office. In the new method of modern survey followed by the mission thus several operations are combined to produce the ultimate goal of plotting fair location sketch in the field itself. In the system since all bend points are coordinated and related to at least 2 reference points, whose values are permanently preserved, any bend point can be refixed on ground in future provided the reference points are well preserved . This method is capable of reducing the time, effort and expenses greatly steps involved in the field work.
23 The numbering of wooden pegs is essential since it will later become necessary for the land holder as well as the field staff to identify the points on the ground during and after the survey and verify the measurements taken. In case of defined boundaries such as compound walls, marking using yellow paint should be done.
24 In fact an experienced Surveyor is expected to identify a suitable change point for positioning the ETS from where he/she can observe maximum bend points of land parcels without changing the positions.
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coordinate sheet and the observer should ensure that the values are recorded correctly.
6.3.6. Once it is ensured that all bend points of a land parcel are observed and entered in the coordinate sheet, the recorder should then immediately plot the point on the grid sheet using a sets square and HB pencil carefully on the basis of grid value coordinates provided on the periphery of the grid sheet. The ID number of the pre numbered wooden peg/ paint mark should be given using pencil itself at every bend point.
6.3.7. The polygon formed first shall be given the number ‘1’. The temporary survey number of this first land parcel will be the ‘Grid sheet no/1’.
6.3.8. One person shall be the prism holder and he/she shall position the prism pole, exactly in vertical position, over the wooden pegs. As soon as the observations of all bend points of any land parcel is completed, the recorder should immediately complete the polygons by connecting all the bent points using HB pencil in the field itself. (Refer figure 12). Before shifting the ETS form the tripod, the observer and recorder should jointly perambulate around the boundary of the land parcel and ensure that the polygon has been formed exactly as per the boundary of the land parcel and there is no bend point left out.
6.3.9. One of the team members designated as the data collector should move in advance to the next land parcel to be observed and collect the resurvey data sheet filled up by the land holder25 along with the self attested copies of all documents mainly the tax receipts. In case if the party fails to submit the resurvey data sheet, the notice26-B (Form .MS-B) shall be issued by the Data Collector and the signature of the party shall be obtained on the duplicate copy of the notice and the notice diary of the survey team.
6.3.10. If the land holder refuses to affix his/her signature either on the duplicate copy or on the notice diary or on both that matter should be recorded in the notice diary and reported in writing by the team leader to the Camp Officer along with the unserved notice. In case the land parcel is a vacant plot like a paddy field, notice can be served on the nearest neighbor or any of the peoples’ representative or a nearby public place like a shop or library or to the ‘Padasekhara Committee’.
6.3.11. Simultaneously, the attribute sheet should be filled by the data collector in respect of the land parcel in the field itself. The topo details as given under Appendix V- shall be marked using pencil on the grid sheets and also on the coordinate sheets.
25 The Resurvey Data Collection sheet will be distributed before the survey team arrives at a field for
survey during the campaign stage itself. 26 See notices Chapter VIII.
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6.3.15. The above procedure shall be repeated for all land parcels inside the grid- irrespective of whether, it is fully encompassed or only a portion of it falls in the grid.
6.3.16. It is also important that minimum 2 old survey stones/rock marks or any well defined points in their absence should be recognized on ground and post pointed on old FMB sketches as well as in the grid sheet using Red ink pen. The point ID and the co-ordinates of these old points shall be recorded in the co-ordinate sheet in red ink.
6.3.17. The old FMB sheet number should also be recorded in red ink by the side of co-ordinates of old points in the coordinate Sheet. This will help in placing the old FMB's vectorised sketch exactly below the new polygons formed out of total station data which will help later in establishing the correlation between old and new survey nos, preparation of area lists and also in identification encroachments into puramboke land. These old points should also be preserved as control points for future reference and the coordinates of the old points shall be marked in the right bottom corner of the grid sheet under the little reference points.
6.3.18. The observation of bend points of land parcel falling on the edges of the grid sheet could not be completed fully but it is necessary that the observation of the first bend point outside the grid should be observed and plotted. Note: However the demarcation of all bend points of the incomplete
land parcel should be done by the first survey team completely as the land holder cannot be compelled to be present for demarcation for more than once).
6.3.19. All the coordinates sheet should be numbered as 1/x, 2/x …………..x/x and the grid sheet number should be recorded on top right corner of every numbered coordinate sheet, where x is the total number of pages of co-ordinate sheet.
6.3.20. Once the observation of all land parcels falling within the grid have been completed, all the survey team members, shall jointly inspect the field and compare it with plotting ensuring that all bend points/land parcels are plotted on the grid sheet and proper numbering has been done. This check will prevent any re-visit to the field and minimize the errors.
6.3.21. A Land Holders List Form MS-15 showing the temporary survey number, name, and address along with the details of resurvey data collection sheet are prepared before leaving the field. These Land Holders Lists will be bound together in respect of every block to form a Land Holder’s Field Register.
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6.3.22. It may be noted that land survey is procedure oriented; patience and perseverance will assist the field staff in collecting and recording accurate data preventing any extra effort for revisit to field.
6.4. Scrutiny of Documents: 6.4.1. Transparency and natural justice will be the hall mark of the
Mission. The Right to be heard is enshrined in the Constitution of India as the fundamental right of every citizen. The citizen will be given enough opportunity during the preparation of land records through land survey by the Mission under the BhoomiKeralam Project. The chief objective should be to minimize the land complaints that may come up, once the survey records are handed over to the Village Office for revenue administration.
6.4.2. The land holder will be involved in every stage of survey till final notification under section 13 of the Kerala Survey & Boundaries Act,1961. But it is also made clear, that under no circumstances, land complaints will be entertained by the Mission, once the one month appeal period for 9(2) notification is over.
6.4.3. Land Complaints involving the encroachment of Government land will be dealt by the District Collector and the State Land Bank Agency. The land holders will have to wait for the implementation of the resurvey land records in the Village Office after redressing the ‘Appeal Land Complaints’ (ALCs) and Section 13 (Final) notification. The land holders will have to approach the District Collector for redressal of land complaints under Section 13-A after the implementation and the corrections are done through the DE staff of the department.
6.4.4. The following procedures are prescribed for the scrutiny of documents;
6.4.4.1. In the modern survey method adopted by the Mission, the voluntary submission27 of land holders’ data and their scrutiny at a central place by a team of experienced department staff are envisaged. The data sheets along with the attachments are to be scrutinized to establish the title/janam rights without much delay.
6.4.4.2. The Unit officer would constitute ‘Record Scrutiny Team’ for the following purposes;
27 The existing practice of visiting households for collection of data through verification of documents
is one of the most time consuming activities in the resurvey process. Much time and effort is consumed in meeting the land holder, getting a copy of the requisite document, establishing the Janman Rights. Therefore the Mission encourages the public to make a voluntary submission of documents, which will be scrutinized by a team of experts at a centrally convenient place.
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6.4.4.2.1. Verification of the entries of Resurvey Data Sheets along with copies of documents submitted by the land holders.
6.4.4.2.2. Establishment of the saleable/Janmam right. 6.4.4.2.3. Reporting the verified data in a specified format for the
preparation of “Resurvey Verification Sheet” Topo Sheet-3 for circulation to the Land holders.
6.4.4.2.4. Preparation and issuance notices to all land holders with textual and spatial details in the “Resurvey verification sheet”, requesting them to submit objections, if any, on the recordings in the sheet without waiting for the statutory notification under sec.9 (2) of the Kerala Survey & Boundaries Act.
6.4.5. The following procedure is laid down to achieve the above objectives; 6.4.5.1. The Unit officer shall constitute a team of surveyors headed by a
Survey Supervisor as “Record Scrutiny Team”. If required, a retired survey or revenue official from the same locality, who is well versant in the local revenue records and nature of land transactions shall be engaged in consultation with the District Collector/Tahasildar.
6.4.5.2. The team shall verify the details collected as per the revenue (including Land Acquisition, Land Assignment etc) and registration department registers and fill in the columns of ‘Combined List” Form.MS-2 to establish the correlation between the old survey details and the new resurvey details as claimed by the party through documents and in hearings.
6.4.5.3. After taking actions as per item (ii) above, an office or a camp office at location convenient to the public shall be selected and a “Resurvey Record Office” shall be established.
6.4.5.4. Display Boards shall be put up in front of the building and at the junctions leading to the office.
6.4.5.5. A temporary telephone connection with a pre-paid connection (to monitor misuse and expenses) shall be established for a period of three months at the above office.
6.4.5.6. The location and phone number of the “Resurvey Record Office” shall be widely publicized through press release, bit notices and mike announcements.
6.4.6. The verification of the documents shall be done initially by the Survey Supervisor and those cases which require expert advice shall be referred to the local retired official/expert and his/her remarks shall be obtained in writing. It may be noted that the Mission officials are not supposed to simply follow the expert advice, but cogitate before
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taking any decision in the records. The department officials shall be responsible for the decisions as the expert’s opinion is only advisory in nature.
6.4.7. The attributes of the land parcels finalised after the scrutiny and hearing shall be recorded in a “Scrutiny Statement” Form MS-16A and shall be signed by the team members and the Survey Supervisor in charge. The Unit officer and the District Project Officer shall randomly inspect the said report and a separate report in this effect shall be filed and kept in the District Project Officer’s office.
6.4.8. The data shall be handed over to the survey team along with the Combined List for preparation of the Rough28 Land Register (Form . MS-17).
6.4.9. Once the Rough Land Register is prepared, sufficient manpower shall be engaged for the preparation of ‘Resurvey Verification Sheet’, a format of which is given under Toposheet 3(Figure 13). This sheet shall be prepared for every land parcel and circulated to the land holders for verification of textual and spatial data.
6.4.10. The individual verification sheets are issued by hand to the land holders with Notice A as mentioned as a separate section in this circular. In case, the land is a agricultural/barren/vacant land then, it shall be sent by post (under certificate of posting) to the last known address collected from the neighbors/village records/documents.
6.4.11. ‘Service by affixture’ if the land holder or authorized representative is absent in the house hold/building. Publishing the sketch and land holders names through large display boards kept at public places may also be resorted to.
6.4.12. The details of individual notices shall be recorded in the notice diary.
6.5. Camp Office Activities 6.5.1. Teams will ensure that no point appearing on computer screen is
deleted. The total station data brought in memory cards are transferred to the personnel folder of the team in the computer assigned for the team at the Camp or camp office and processed.
6.5.2. All the bend points are joined together and the Change Points (CPs) are placed in a separate layer. Land parcel ID and point IDs should be given as a second layer. A printout of the completed grid sheet is taken and verified with the original field sheet and it shall be ensured that no discrepancy/errors are not crept in to the processed data.
6.5.3. The points appearing in the computer screen are joined and full or partial polygons formed are compared against the plotted grid sheet.
28 Land Register prepared as a draft which will be finalized to form Fair Land Register.
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The first temporary number given to the parcel with the point ID given there is placed in a layer.
6.5.4. A check list for the submission of data/records is appended as Appendix VI. The survey team should ensure that the data/records are completed in every respect as per the check list. The store keeper should ensure that the records/data from field teams are recorded as per the check list before issuing a new grid sheet assigned to them.
6.5.5. Incomplete records/data are given back to the survey team for rectification. The record/data complete in every aspect as per the check list are received by the record keeper and the same is recorded in the ‘Issue And Receipt Register’ Form .MS-18.
6.5.6. The Office Supervisor (Computer) shall merge the total station data of adjoining grids together discrepancy/defects should be brought into the notice of the survey team on the next day itself, so that they could inspect and verify the defects on ground before leaving the grid field.
6.5.7. The points appearing in the computer screen are joined and full or partial polygons formed are compared against the plotted grid sheet. The first temporary number given to the parcel with the point ID given there, is placed in a layer.
6.5.8. The parcels partial or full in the processed grid are checked against the protruding legs of partial polygons of adjoining grids. If no discrepancy found, the polygons are completed using fine blue ink dot pen and control points in red.
6.5.9. The old FMB’s are individually taken and geo-referenced and they will be placed in separate layer. This layer should form a part of Grid sheet. In order to minimize errors, the old FMB’s are not stitched.
6.5.10. The survey team prepares a correlation statement and a rough land register showing the details of old land holders and new land holders, old and new survey numbers. The old land holders details will be obtained from combined list and the resurvey scrutiny statement. The team shall prepare this in a spread sheet in English and shall be submitted to the Office Supervisor/Camp Officer.
6.6. Block Formation & Assigning Unique Land Parcel ID 6.6.1. Unlike in the conventional method, blocks are formed here after land
parcels are formed. The conventional method, in town survey, blocks of 2-4 hectares are formed with roads, rivers etc as boundaries. In this new method, the entire Kerala is divided in to blocks having unique number and consisting of 36 grids, but with any number of land parcels as is existing on the ground.
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6.6.2. It is possible that the boundaries of some of the land parcels may protrude outside the block boundary (Refer figure 10). Any parcel at the edges having area more than 50% in the block will form the part of block or else, whole parcel will move to the adjoining block.
6.6.3. As soon as the data of 36 grids of a Block is joined, a block map shall be prepared as per Topo Sheet -4 (Fig14), and second temporary land parcel IDs starting at ‘1000’ shall be assigned. This Block map with the second temporary number assigned shall be printed out and issued for field verification.
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Figure14: Toposheet 4 –Block Map consisting of 36 grids
6.6.4. After finding that field verification is accurate, the land holders details and the attributes are keyed in, with respect to every land parcel to generate the final survey number of the block.
6.6.5. The District Boundary, Taluk Boundary, Village Boundary, ward Boundary etc shall be kept in a separate layer and shown as per the
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symbology. Similarly the roads, the Government land, other topo details shall be placed in different layers.
6.6.6. As in the case of blocks, every land parcel will have a unique number. But the land parcel will not be numbered continuously as was being followed in the conventional method. Conventionally, the land parcel ID-- called the subdivision no--- start from top left corner and progressively numbered to the last land parcel in the bottom right corner.
6.6.7. The new method envisages creation of unique land Parcel IDs and then to form different GIS layers following worldwide practices. It is necessary to prepare different kinds of thematic maps that suits to the requirements of various department/ agencies/users. For instance, the Kerala Scheduled Tribes (Restriction of transfer of land and restoration of alienated land) Act, 1975 prevents the sale/ transaction of tribal land. The Conservation of Paddy Land and Wet Land Act, 2008 prevents conversion of paddy land.
6.6.8. The unique numbering system adopted will distinctively place the different classes of land in layers and the attributes permit printing of thematic maps. Once completed the state map with all land parcels belonging to tribal population or paddy fields on maps with roads alone, rivers etc separately could be printed.
6.6.9. The following numbering series will be adopted for the different types of land parcels. Table 5: Numbering series for different types of Land
