CHAPTER1 (Autosaved)

8/6/2019 CHAPTER1 (Autosaved)

1/70

DISNIC PLAN PROJECT

(IRRIGATION)

A Project

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

the degree

Of

Master of Computer Application

By

Kunal Singh

(MRT08PGMCA-010)

School of Computer Engineering & Information Technology

SHOBHIT UNIVERSITY, MEERUT

June, 2011

1


2/70

GOVERNMENT OF INDIAMINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

NationalInformatics

Centre

This is to certify that Mr. Kunal Singh a student of Master of

Computer Application from Shobhit University, Meerut has done/is

doing his full-semester project training at DISNIC Programme

Division, NIC, New Delhi, from 15.01.2011 to 15.06.2011.

The project work entitled A Web Enabled Information System

DISNIC PROJECT PLAN - Irrigation embodies the original work

done by him during his above full semester project training period.

Mr. Anil Kumar Chaursiaa Mrs. Sameena Mukhija(Scientist C) (Technical Director)

2


3/70

Certificate

I hereby certify that the work which is being submitted in this project entitled

A Web Enabled Information System DISNIC PROJECT PLAN

(IRRIGATION) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the

degree of MCA and submitted in the School of Computer Engineering &

Information Technology undertaken by me during the period 15/01/2011 to

15/06/2011 under the supervision of Mrs. Sameena Mukhija (Technical

Director NIC, New Delhi) and Mr. Anil Chaursia(Scientist-C) at National

Informatics Centre, New Delhi

Matter presented in this project has not been submitted by me for the award of

any Degree/Diploma in any other Institute/University.

Signature of the Student

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the

best of my knowledge.

Signature of Guide Mentor

3


4/70

Declaration

I do, hereby, declare that the dissertation entitled A Web Enabled

Information System DISNIC PLAN PROJECT is an authentic work

developed by me at National Informatics Centre, New Delhi , under the

guidance of Mrs. Sameena Mukhija (Technical Director, NIC, New Delhi)

and Mr. Anil Kumar Chaursia (Scientist-C) and Mr. Yogesh

Awasthi(Assistant Professor, Shobhit University,Meerut ) submitted as a

partial fulfillment of the degree of Master Of Computer Application (MCA) of

Shobhit University.

I also declare that, any or all contents incorporated in this dissertation

have not been submitted in any form for the award of any degree or diploma of

any other institution or university.

Kunal Singh

Vikramendra Singh

6th semester,M.C.A.

Shobhit University,Meerut

4


5/70

Acknowledgement

I take this opportunity to express my profound sense of gratitude and

respect to all those who helped me throughout the duration of this project. I

acknowledge the effort of those who have contributed significantly to my

project. I express my sincere gratitude and thankfulness towards Mr.

Yogesh Awasthi(Department of Computer Application) of Shobhit

University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh for his valuable time and guidance

throughout the MCA.

I feel privileged to offer my sincere thanks and deep sense of gratitude to

Training Division, NIC Headquarters, Mr. M. Moni (Deputy Director

General), Mrs. Sameena Mukhija (Technical Director) and Mr. Anil

Chaurasia(Scientist -C) at DISNIC Programme Division, NIC, New

Delhi, for expressing their confidence in me by letting me work on a

project of this magnitude and providing their support, help &

encouragement in completing this project.

I am grateful for the co-operation & valuable suggestions rendered by all the

staff members

Of the DISNIC Programme Division, National Informatics Centre, New Delhi.

I am grateful to all our friends for providing critical feedback & support

whenever required.

I regret any inadvertent omissions.

Kunal Singh

Vikramendra Singh

5


6/70

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1 INTRODUCTION 1 - 10

1.1 About the NIC 1

1.2 About Project 3

1.2.1 Project Title 3

1.2.2 Objective of Project 4

1.2.3 Background Analysis 5

1.2.4 Application of the Project 9

2. Technology Used 11 - 18

2.1 Front End 11

2.2 Back End 15

2..3 H/W requirement 18

2..4 S/W requirement 18

3. System Development Life Cycle 19 - 24

3.1 Problem Definition or Identification 3

3.1 System Analysis 4

3.1 Feasibility Study 23

4. System Design 25 - 42

4.1 Three Tier Architecture 254.2 Data Flow Diagram (D.F.D.) 28

4.3 E-R Diagram 33

4.4 Normalization 34

4.5 Data Dictionary 36

5. Testing & Implimentation 43 - 46

5.1 Testing 43

5.1.2 Level of Testing 45

6


7/70

5.2 Implementation 46

6. Conclusion 47 - 48

7. Annexure 49 - 56

References/Bibliography 57

7


8/70

CHAPTER - 1

INTRODUCTION

8


9/70

1.1 About NIC (National Informatics Centre)

National Informatics Centre (NIC) is a premier Science and Technology Organization

under the Department of Information Technology of the Government of India actively

working for the past three decades in the area of Information and Communication

Technology (ICT) Applications in the Government Sector.

National Informatics Centre (NIC) of the Department of Information Technology is

providing network backbone and e-Governance support to Central Government, State

Governments, UT Administrations, Districts and other Government bodies. It offers a

wide range of ICT services including Nationwide Communication Network for

decentralized planning, improvement in Government services and wider transparency of

national and local Governments. NIC assists in implementing Information Technology

Projects, in close collaboration with Central and State Governments, in the areas of (a)

Centrally sponsored schemes and Central sector schemes, (b) State sector and State

sponsored projects, and (c) District Administration sponsored projects. NIC endeavors to

ensure that the latest technology in all areas of IT is available to its users.

NIC Headquarters is based in New Delhi. At NIC Headquarters, a large number of

Application Divisions exist which provide total Informatics Support to the Ministries and

Departments of the Central Government. NIC computer cells are located in almost all the

Ministry Bhawans of the Central Government and Apex Offices including the Prime

Ministers Office, the Rashtrapati Bhawan and the Parliament House. Apart from this,

NIC has various Resource Divisions at the Headquarters which specialize into different

areas of IT and facilitate the Application Divisions as well as other NIC Centres in

providing state-of-the-art services to the Govt.

At the State level, NICs State/UTs Units provide informatics support to their respective

State Government and at the District level lie the NIC District Informatics Offices.

NIC has conceptualized, developed and implemented a very large number of projects for

various Central and State Government Ministries, Departments and Organizations. Many

of these projects are continuing projects being carried out by various divisions of NIC atNew Delhi Headquarters and State/District centres throughout the country. Some of the

9


10/70

most important note worthy projects, which offer a glimpse of the multifaceted, diverse

activities of NIC, touching upon all spheres of e-governance and thereby influencing the

lives of millions of citizens of India is given below:

Agrictural Marketing Information Network (AGMARKNET)

Central Passport System

Community Information Centres (CICs)

Computerized Rural Information Systems Project (CRISP)

Court Information System (COURTIS)

Department of Agriculture Network (DACNET)

District Information System for Planning (DISNIC-PLAN)

Computerization of Agricultural Census and Input Survey.

Examination Results Portal

Training

Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)

1.2 ABOUT PROJECT

1.2.1 Project Title:

A Web Enabled Information System-DISNIC PLAN PROJECT - IRRIGATION

DISNIC Programme Division was formed as a Core Group at National Informatics

Centre in the financial year 1987-88 and given the responsibility of design, development and

implementation of the DISNIC Programme using NICNET facilities at the district level, and

also to interact with NIC State Units and Regional centres for effective implementation,

feedback analysis, impact analysis & strengthening of Information System development

strategy and future enhancement etc. of the DISNIC Programme.

DISNIC facilitated easy collection, compilation, dissemination and on-lineaccessibility of information on several sectors of the economy at state level with the timely

availability of qualitative information at all possible levels like

. Nation

. State

. District

. Block

10


11/70

. Village

DISNIC also facilitated for the building up of databases of national importance through

active co-operation of the state governments.

1.2.2 OBJECTIVE OF DISNIC PLAN PROJECT SCHEMES:

The objectives of the DISNIC Programme are as follows;

Develop necessary databases in various sectors of the economy for planning and

decision making at the district level.

Promote informatics culture at the district level through appropriate trainingprogrammes.

Improve the analysis capacity and presentation of statistics utilised for National,

Regional and District Planning.

Develop modelling and forecasting techniques that are required for making for socio-

economic development.

Promote Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques for planning, and also

Remote sensing data applications for Natural Resources Management at grass-rootlevel.

All ground water schemes and surface water schemes (both flow and lift)

having culturable command area up to 2000 ha. Individually are classified as Minor

Irrigation Schemes. Ground water schemes comprise of dug wells, dug-cum-bore

wells, borings, private shallow tube wells, filter points and deep tube wells. The

command area of private ground water schemes varies from 1 to 5 hectares. The State

Governments provide assistance in installation of such schemes which confines

mainly to technical guidance, custom service for boring and arrangements for credit

facilities at reasonable rates of interest. The subsidies are also made available for

installation of these schemes to weaker sections of farmers. The construction,

operation and maintenance of these schemes are done by the farmers themselves. The

deep tube wells which extend up to the depth of 200 meters or more are designed togive a discharge of 100 to 200 cubic meters per hour.

11


12/70

The surface water schemes comprise of surface flow schemes and surface lift

irrigation schemes. The surface flow schemes typically consist of tanks, check dams,

structures and can serve as water conservation cum ground water recharge scheme.

The structures are generally prevalent in hilly regions. These are known as Kuhl in

Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh, Gul in Uttar Pradesh, Ahars and Pynes

inBihar and low Khones and Dongs in north-eastern region. The small storage tanks

are owned by community or local bodies and generally have command areas up to 40

hectares. The large storage tanks alongwith the distribution system having command

area varying from 40 to 2000 hectares are constructed by State Government

Department.

1.2.3 Background Analysis:

During the process of implementation, many states have expressed their financial

constraint to undertake information collection at village level and its update periodically, to

facilitate micro-level planning. It was, therefore, recommended to include the DISNIC-PLAN

project under Central Sector Scheme and sufficient budget be allocated accordingly, to

facilitate systematic decentralization of planning process at the grass root level.

Indian planning and development process is moving ahead for a change, from the

centralized to more of decentralized approach, in order to give due recognition to the micro-

level needs and potentials in decision making. Micro-level Planning is progressively gaining

momentum in India in view of the enactment of Panchayat Raj Institutions at grass-root level.

The Planning steps, the data needs, the institutional requirements, the macro-micro linkages

and the information flows are necessary to make the planning process more effective.

In this process, the National Informatics Centre, through this proposed Scheme for

DISNIC-PLAN Programme, will take up creation of a distributed database on village level

information for about 6 lakhs villages, in the country, at its 540 district nodes. Project

activities will be taken-up to link these databases with the spatial technology in the form of

maps to provide an effective framework for spatial analysis under Geographical Information

System (GIS) environment. Further, development of INTRANET site over NICNET National

Info-Highway, on DISNIC-PLAN Programme will also be undertaken. Thus DISNIC-PLAN

12


13/70

Programme as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme will facilitate the district authorities in their

planned effort at the decentralized spatial units.

In addition, it is realized that, various institutions, research organizations, NGOs

involved in micro-level planning should be linked up through NICNET, for wider

dissemination and utility of DISNIC-PLAN database. In close association with these

organizations, NIC will build development indicators at the decentralized spatial units, using

the DISNIC-PLAN database, to gauge the spatial variations in the levels of development.

Certainly, these indicators will form a base to evade the subjectivity in resource allocation at

district level.

1.2.3.1 DEFINITIONS

A) Culturable Command Area (CCA):

The area which can be irrigated from a scheme and is fit for cultivation.

B) Gross Irrigated Area:

The area irrigated under various crops during a year, counting the area irrigated under

more than one crop during the same year as many times as the number of crops grown and

irrigated.

C) Irrigation Potential Created:

The total gross are purposed to be irrigated under different crops during a year by a

scheme. The area purposed to be irrigated under more than one crop during the same year is

counted as many times as the number of crops grown and irrigated.

D) Irrigation Potential Utillised:

The gross area actually irrigated during reference year out of the gross purposed area

to be irrigated by the scheme during the year.

13


14/70

E) Minor Irrigation (M.I) Scheme:

A scheme having CCA up to 2,000 hectares individually is classified as Minor

Irrigation Scheme.

F) Medium Irrigation Scheme:

A scheme having CCA more than 2,000 hectares and up to 10,000 hectare

individually is a medium irrigation scheme.

G) Major Irrigation Scheme:

A scheme having CCA more than 10,000 hectare

Minor Irrigation schemes

Irrigation schemes using either groundwater or surface water and having a cultivable area up

to 2000 hectare individually is categorized as Minor Irrigation schemes. The schemes have

been categorized into five major types;

(1) Dug well

(2) Shallow tube well

(3) Deep tube well

(4) Surface flow and

(5) Surface lift.

14


15/70


16/70

All surface flow in irrigation schemes, which are exclusively based on irrigation by

gravity flow, are to be covered. In case, surface flow schemes having lifting device is also

installed on it and the irrigation is partly done through lifting the water and partly by

gravitational method turn by turn or simultaneously, the scheme has to be accounted only as

one, either as surface lift scheme or surface flow depending upon the acreage irrigated during

the year 2000-2001, whichever is more of the two. It covers storage scheme; diversion

scheme; water conservation-cum-ground water recharging scheme. Storage schemes include

tanks and reservoirs, which impound water of streams and rivers. Small storage tanks which

are called ponds or bundhis are also covered. The essential features of these schemes are

A bund or a dam which is generally of earth but also sometimes partly or fully

masonry.

Anicuts and feeder channels to divert water from adjoining catchments.

Waste weir to dispose of surplus flood water.

Sluice or sluices to let out water for irrigation and

Conveyance and distribution system

Diversion schemes aim at providing gravity flow irrigation by more diversion of

stream water supply without arranging any storage. Essentially this scheme consists oftwo parts:

A) An obstruction (Weir) or bund constructed across the stream for raising and

diverting water.

B) An artificial channel, known as kuhl in the hilly areas.

Surface Lift:

A scheme may be considered as surface lift scheme if the major part of irrigation is

done through lifting the surface water. These schemes are similar to those of diversion

schemes but in addition, pumps are installed and pump houses constructed. In regions, where

the topography does not permit direct flow irrigation from rivers and streams, water has to be

lifted in to the irrigation channels.

16


17/70


18/70

CHAPTER-2

TECHNOLOGY USED

18


19/70

2. Technology Used

2.1 Front End

2.1.1 ASP.NET

ASP.NET is a programming framework built on the common language runtime that can

be used on a server to build powerful Web applications. ASP.NET offers severalimportant advantages over previous Web development models:

A) Enhanced Performance.

ASP.NET is compiled common language runtime code running on the server. Unlike its

interpreted predecessors, ASP.NET can take advantage of early binding, just-in-time

compilation, native optimization, and caching services right out of the box. This amounts

to dramatically better performance before you ever write a line of code.

B) World-Class Tool Support.

The ASP.NET framework is complemented by a rich toolbox and designer in the Visual

Studio integrated development environment. WYSIWYG editing, drag-and-drop server

controls, and automatic deployment are just a few of the features this powerful tool

provides.

C) Power and Flexibility.

Because ASP.NET is based on the common language runtime, the power and flexibility

of that entire platform is available to Web application developers. The .NET Framework

class library, Messaging, and Data Access solutions are all seamlessly accessible from the

Web. ASP.NET is also language-independent, so you can choose the language that best

applies to your application or partition your application across many languages. Further,

19


20/70

common language runtime interoperability guarantees that your existing investment in

COM-based development is preserved when migrating to ASP.NET.

D) Simplicity.

ASP.NET makes it easy to perform common tasks, from simple form submission and

client authentication to deployment and site configuration. For example, the ASP.NET

page framework allows you to build user interfaces that cleanly separate application logic

from presentation code and to handle events in a simple, Visual Basic - like forms

processing model. Additionally, the common language runtime simplifies development,

with managed code services such as automatic reference counting and garbage collection.

E) Manageability.

ASP.NET employs a text-based, hierarchical configuration system, which simplifies

applying settings to your server environment and Web applications. Because

configuration information is stored as plain text, new settings may be applied without the

aid of local administration tools. This "zero local administration" philosophy extends to

deploying ASP.NET Framework applications as well. An ASP.NET Framework

application is deployed to a server simply by copying the necessary files to the server. No

server restart is required, even to deploy or replace running compiled code.

F) Scalability and Availability.

ASP.NET has been designed with scalability in mind, with features specifically tailored

to improve performance in clustered and multiprocessor environments. Further, processes

are closely monitored and managed by the ASP.NET runtime, so that if one misbehaves

(leaks, deadlocks), a new process can be created in its place, which helps keep your

application constantly available to handle requests.

G) Customizability and Extensibility.

20


21/70

ASP.NET delivers a well-factored architecture that allows developers to "plug-in" their

code at the appropriate level. In fact, it is possible to extend or replace any subcomponent

of the ASP.NET runtime with your own custom-written component. Implementing

custom authentication or state services has never been easier.

H) Security.

With built in Windows authentication and per-application configuration, you can be

assured that your applications are secure.

ASP.NET is a set of web application development technologies marketed by Microsoft.

Programmers can use it to build dynamic web sites, web applications and XML web

services. It is part of Microsoft's .NET platform and is the successor to Microsoft's Active

Server Pages (ASP) technology.

2.1.1.2 Principles of ASP.NET

Even though ASP.NET takes its name from Microsoft's old web development technology,

ASP, the two differ significantly. Microsoft has completely rebuilt ASP.NET, based on

the Common Language Runtime (CLR) shared by all Microsoft .NET applications.

Programmers can write ASP.NET code using any of the different programming languages

supported by the .NET Framework, usually C#, Visual Basic.NET, or JScript .NET, but

also including open-source languages such as Perl and Python. ASP.NET has

performance benefits over other script-based technologies because the server-side code is

compiled to one or a few DLL files on a web server.

ASP.NET attempts to simplify developers' transition from Windows applicationdevelopment to web development by offering the ability to build pages composed of

controls similar to a Windows user interface. A web control, such as a button or label,

functions in very much the same way as its Windows counterpart: code can assign its

properties and respond to its events. Controls know how to render themselves: whereas

Windows controls draw themselves to the screen, web controls produce segments of

HTML and JavaScript which form part of the resulting page sent to the end-user's

browser.

21


22/70

ASP.NET encourages the programmer to develop applications using an event-driven GUI

paradigm, rather than in conventional web-scripting environments like ASP and PHP.

The framework attempts to combine existing technologies such as JavaScript with

internal components like "Viewstate" to bring persistent (inter-request) state to the

inherently stateless web environment.

ASP.NET uses the .NET Framework as an infrastructure. The .NET Framework offers a

managed runtime environment (like Java), providing a virtual machine with JIT and a

class library.

The numerous .NET controls, classes and tools can cut down on development time by

providing a rich set of features for common programming tasks. Data access provides oneexample, and comes tightly coupled with ASP.NET. A developer can make a page to

display a list of records in a database, for example, significantly more readily using

ASP.NET than with traditional web technologies like ASP or PHP.

2.1.1.3 Server side Dynamic web page:

With server side model, the HTML source is sent to the web server with an extra set of

instructions (that can be intermingled or sent separately). This set of instructions is again

used to generate HTML for the page at the time the user requests the page. The page is

generated dynamically on request.

2.2 Back End:

Features of SQL Server 2005

Microsoft SQL Server 2005 features include:

Internet Integration.

The SQL Server 2005 database engine includes integrated XML support. It also has the

scalability, availability, and security features required to operate as the data storage

component of the largest Web sites. The SQL Server 2005 programming model is

integrated with the Windows DNA architecture for developing Web applications, and

22


23/70

SQL Server 2005 supports features such as English Query and the Microsoft Search

Service to incorporate user-friendly queries and powerful search capabilities in Web

applications.

Scalability and Availability.

The same database engine can be used across platforms ranging from laptop computers

running Microsoft Windows 98 through large, multiprocessor servers running Microsoft

Windows 2000 Data Center Edition. SQL Server 2005 Enterprise Edition supports

features such as federated servers, indexed views, and large memory support that allow itto scale to the performance levels required by the largest Web sites.

Enterprise-Level Database Features.

The SQL Server 2000 relational database engine supports the features required to support

demanding data processing environments. The database engine protects data integrity

while minimizing the overhead of managing thousands of users concurrently modifying

the database. SQL Server 2000 distributed queries allow you to reference data from

multiple sources as if it were a part of a SQL Server 2000 database, while at the same

time, the distributed transaction support protects the integrity of any updates of the

distributed data. Replication allows you to also maintain multiple copies of data, while

ensuring that the separate copies remain synchronized. You can replicate a set of data to

multiple, mobile, disconnected users, have them work autonomously, and then merge

their modifications back to the publisher.

Ease of installation, deployment, and use.

SQL Server 2005 includes a set of administrative and development tools that improve

upon the process of installing, deploying, managing, and using SQL Server across several

sites. SQL Server 2005 also supports a standards-based programming model integrated

with the Windows DNA, making the use of SQL Server databases and data warehouses a

seamless part of building powerful and scalable systems. These features allow you to

23


24/70

rapidly deliver SQL Server applications that customers can implement with a minimum of

installation and administrative overhead.

Data warehousing.

SQL Server 2005 includes tools for extracting and analyzing summary data for online

analytical processing. SQL Server also includes tools for visually designing databases and

analyzing data using English-based questions.

SQL Server Enterprise Manager

Microsoft Management Console (MMC) is a tool that presents a common interface for

managing different server applications in a Microsoft Windows network. Server

applications provide a component called an MMC snap-in that presents MMC users with

a user interface for managing the server application. SQL Server Enterprise Manager is

the Microsoft SQL Server MMC snap-in.

SQL Server Enterprise Manager is the primary administrative tool for SQL Server and

provides an MMC-compliant user interface that allows users to:

Define groups of SQL Server instances.

Register individual servers in a group.

Configure all SQL Server options for each registered server.

Create and administer all SQL Server databases, objects, logins, users, and

Permissions in each registered server.

Define and execute all SQL Server administrative tasks on each registered server.

Design and test SQL statements, batches, and scripts interactively by invoking

SQL

Query Analyzer.

Invoke the various wizards defined for SQL Server.

Overview of the SQL Server Tools

Microsoft SQL Server 2005 includes many graphical and command prompt utilitiesthat allow users, programmers, and administrators to:

24


25/70

Administer and configure SQL Server.

Determine the catalog information in a copy of SQL Server.

Design and test queries for retrieving data.

Copy, import, export, and transform data.

Provide diagnostic information.

Start and stop SQL Server.

2.3 Hardware

The following hardware is used while developing this project.

Processor : Intel Pentium 4 CPU 1.60GHz

Memory : 256 MB of RAM

Hard Disk : 40 GB

Network adapter : Intel PRO/100 VE Network connection

Monitor : Preferably color.

Printer : LaserJet 1010 Series, DeskJet or Dot Matrix

2.4 Software

The following Software used while developing this project.

Operating System: Windows XP Professional

ASP.NET

Web server IIS 5.1

Microsoft SQL server 2005

Visual Studio.Net 2008 (Professional Edition.)

25


26/70


27/70

3. System Development Life Cycle

3.1 Problem Definition or Identification

DISNIC Programme Division was formed as a Core Group at National Informatics

Centre in the financial year 1987-88 and given the responsibility of design, development and

implementation of the DISNIC Programme using NICNET facilities at the district level, and

also to interact with NIC State Units and Regional centres for effective implementation,

feedback analysis, impact analysis & strengthening of Information System development

strategy and future enhancement etc. of the DISNIC Programme.

DISNIC facilitated easy collection, compilation, dissemination and on-lineaccessibility of information on several sectors of the economy at state level with the timely

availability of qualitative information at all possible levels like

. Nation

. State

. District

. Block

. Village

DISNIC also facilitated for the building up of databases of national importance through

active co-operation of the state governments.

3.2 System Analysis

Assuming that a new system is to be developed, the next phase is system analysis. Analysis

involved a detailed study of the current system, leading to specifications of a new system.

Analysis is a detailed study of various operations performed by a system and their

27


28/70

relationships within and outside the system. During analysis, data are collected on the

available files, decision points and transactions handled by the present system. Interviews,

on-site observation and questionnaire are the tools used for system analysis. Using the

following steps it becomes easy to draw the exact boundary of the new system under

consideration:

Keeping in view the problems and new requirements

Workout the pros and cons including new areas of the system

All procedures, requirements must be analyzed and documented in the form of detailed data

flow diagrams (DFDs), data dictionary, logical data structures and miniature specifications.

System Analysis also includes sub-dividing of complex process involving the entire system,identification of data store and manual processes.

The main points to be discussed in system analysis are:

Specification of what the new system is to accomplish based on the user requirements.

Functional hierarchy showing the functions to be performed by the new system and

their relationship with each other.

Function network which are similar to function hierarchy but they highlight the those

functions which are common to more than one procedure.

List of attributes of the entities - these are the data items which need to be held about

each entity (record)

3.1Existing System

At present only the DISNIC database is available but no web enabled system is there to

access those data and to display them in a meaningful way.

So, without a proper front end or interface it is very difficult to display DISNIC

information based on different criteria and to generate DISNIC reports in a proper way.

Without a web enabled system it is very difficult for common people to get the DISNIC

information irrespective of their location.

3.1.2 Drawbacks of the existing system

28


29/70


30/70

This system also makes this information available as reports which are very useful for

making policies for the farming community.

3.3 Feasibility Study

3.3.1 Economic Feasibility

The financial and economic questions raised during preliminary investigations are for the

purpose of estimating

The cost to conduct full system investigation.

The cost of hardware and software for class of application.

The benefits in terms of reduced cost and fewer costly errors.

The cost if nothing changes, i.e., if the proposed system is not developed.

The proposed system is economically feasible because

The system works efficiently and gives higher performance then the existing

system.

All the hardware and software required for developing the system is already

available with the organization.

While developing this system, there is no requirement of any new hardware or

software.

Due to the above mentioned reason the proposed system is economically feasible.

3.3.2 Technical Feasibility

Technical feasibility centers on the existing computer system (H/W and S/W) whether it

can support the addition of proposed system, if not, to what extent it can support and the

organizations capacity to acquire additional components.

30


31/70

The proposed system is technically feasible because

The hardware and software required are easy to install and handle.

The system supports interactivity with the user through GUI.

The organization is having highly qualified staffs to understand and manage the

hardware and software.

3.3.3 Behavioral Feasibility

Behavioral feasibility determines how much effort will go into selling the proposedsystem, in educating and training the user staff on the new system. Behavioral study

strives on ensuring that the equilibrium of the organization is not disturbed. The changes

should be readily accepted by the staff and sanctioned by authority to achieve

organizational objective.

The proposed system is behaviorally feasible because

The proposed system will be faster and higher in performance.

As the system will support a simple Graphical User Interface (GUI), no expertise

is needed to run the system.

31


32/70

CHAPTER - 4

32


33/70


34/70


35/70

Fig 3.2: Three tier architecture

Fig 3.2: Three Tier Layer

35


36/70


37/70

Fig 4.1: 1 Level DFD

37


38/70

Fig 4.2: Level 1 DFD

38


39/70

Fig4.3: Level 2 DFD of Select Criteria

39


40/70


41/70

Fig 4.5: E-R Diagram of Process

4.3Normalization

Normalization is an important step in database in designing a process of breaking down

A complex design into a group of simple relations. Normalization is important for adapting

A real life situation, something that will fit effectively into a relational database.

4.3.1 The advantages of normalizing are

41


42/70

database is easier to maintain

database can be expanded with minimum effort

does not include more duplicated data than necessary

minimizes inconsistency in the database

Minimizes the effect of update and delete anomalies.

4.3.2 The various normal forms are as follows:

1NF: A relation R is in 1NF if and only if it contains atomic values.

2NF: A relation R is in 2NF if and only if it is in 1NF and every non-key attribute is fully

Dependent on the primary key.

3NF: A relation R is in 3NF if and only if it is in 2NF and every non-key attribute is non transitively

dependent on the primary key.

BCNF: A relation R is in BCNF if and only if every determinant is a candidate key.

4NF: A relation R is in 4NF if and only if, whenever there exists multivalued dependencies

(MVD) in the R, say A B, then all other attributes of R are also functionally dependent on A

5NF: A relation R is in 5NF if and only if every join dependency in R is implied by the

Candidate keys of R. In the proposed system the databases are normalized up to 3rd Normal Form.

4.4 Table Design

State

This table structure is used to store the description of the States and Union Territories.

Fields Type Remarks

42


43/70


44/70

A data dictionary plays a very important role in any software development process because of

The following reasons: A data dictionary provides a standard terminology for all relevant data for

Use by all engineers working in the same project. A consistent vocabulary for data items is very

Important, since in large projects different engineers have a tendency to use different terms to

Refer to the same data, which unnecessarily causes confusion.

The data dictionary provides the analyst with a means to determine the definition of different

Data structures in terms of their component elements. A data dictionary lists the purpose of all

Data items and the definition of all composite data items in terms of their component data items.

1) DUGWELL

This table structure is used to store data of Dug well Scheme. Data entry is done through the

Data Entry Module.

Element Name Element Type Element Description

STATECODE tinyint State CodeDISTCODE tinyint District Code

BLOCKCODE tinyint Block Code

VILLCODE tinyint Village Code

DT_ENUM int Date of Enumeration

SNO int Serial Number of the Record

NAMECODE tinyint Owners Code of the Scheme

NAME text Name of the Owner

KHAS_NO text Khasra Number of Scheme

Hold_SIZE tinyint Code for Different Holding Size

CAST tinyint Social Status Code Of Owner COM_YEAR tinyint Commissioning Year of the Scheme

WELL_TYPE tinyint Code for Different Type of Well

WELL_STAT tinyint Code for the Status of Well

FIN_SOURCE tinyint Source of Finance

DIST_DEVI tinyint Major distribution Device

LIFT_DEVI tinyint Lifting Device for the Scheme

DEVI_HP double Horse Power of Lifting Device

AVG_PUMP tinyint Average Pumping Hours of the

Device

CCA double Total Cultivable Command Area

MAJ_MED tinyint Whether the Scheme is in maj/medarea

44


45/70

KHARIF_A double Gross Potential created for Kharif

Season

RABI_A double Gross Potential created for Rabi

Season

PERENIAL_A double Gross Potential created for Perrnnial

SeasonOTHER_A double Gross Potential created for Other

Season

KHARIF_B double Area Irrigated in Kharif Season

RABI_B double Area Irrigated in Rabi Season

PERENIAL_B double Area Irrigated in Perenial Season

OTHER_B double Area Irrigated in Other Season

KHARIF_C double Area Irrigated in Kharif Season by

major/medium scheme

RABI_C double Area Irrigated in RabiSeason by

major/medium schemePERENIAL_C double Area Irrigated in Perenial Season by

major/medium scheme

OTHER_C double Area Irrigated in Other Season by

major/medium scheme

CONSTRAINT tinyint Code for Constraints in utilization of

the Irrigation Potential created

Primary Key (STATECODE, DISTCODE, BLOCKCODE, VILLCODE, SNO)

2) SHALLOW TUBEWELL

This table structure is used to store data of Shallow tube well Scheme. Data entry is done

through the Data Entry Module.


STATECODE tinyint State Code

DISTCODE tinyint District Code





NAMECODE tinyint Owners Code of the SchemeNAME text Name of the Owner

45


46/70


47/70


48/70






SNO int Serial Number of the RecordNAMECODE tinyint Owners Code of the Scheme




CAST tinyint Social Status Code Of Owner

COM_YEAR tinyint Commissioning Year of the Scheme




DIST_DEVI tinyint Major distribution DeviceLIFT_DEVI tinyint Lifting Device for the Scheme



Device


MAJ_MED tinyint Whether the Scheme is in maj/med

area


Season

RABI_A double Gross Potential created for Rabi

Season


Season

OTHER_A double Gross Potential created for Other

Season






major/medium schemeRABI_C double Area Irrigated in RabiSeason by

major/medium scheme

PERENIAL_C double Area Irrigated in Perenial Season by

major/medium scheme


major/medium scheme



Primary Key (STATECODE, DISTCODE, BLOCKCODE,VILLCODE, SNO)

48


49/70

4) SURFACE FLOW

This table structure is used to store data of Surface Flow tube well Scheme. Data entry is

done through the Data Entry Module.






DT_ENUM int Date of EnumerationSNO int Serial Number of the Record










DIST_DEVI tinyint Major distribution Device




Device



area


Season

RABI_A double Gross Potential created for RabiSeason


Season


Season





KHARIF_C double Area Irrigated in Kharif Season bymajor/medium scheme

49


50/70


major/medium scheme


major/medium scheme


major/medium schemeCONSTRAINT tinyint Code for Constraints in utilization of



5) SURFACE LIFT FLOW

This table structure is used to store data of Surface Flow tube well Scheme. Data entry is

done through the Data Entry Module.
















FIN_SOURCE tinyint Source of FinanceDIST_DEVI tinyint Major distribution Device




Device



area


SeasonRABI_A double Gross Potential created for Rabi

50


51/70

Season


Season


Season






major/medium scheme


major/medium scheme


major/medium schemeOTHER_C double Area Irrigated in Other Season by

major/medium scheme




CHAPTER - 5

51


52/70

TESTING & IMPLIMENTATION

52


53/70


54/70

5.1.2 Level of Testing

Regardless of which strategy the analyst follows, there are preferred practices to ensure that

the testing is useful. The analyst must perform the following tests.

5.1.2.1 Unit Testing

In the unit testing the analyst tests the programs making up a system. The software units in a

system are the modules and routines that are assembled and integrated to perform a specific

function. Unit testing first focuses on the modules, independently of one another, to locate

errors. This enables the tester to detect errors in coding andlogic that are contained within that module alone.

5.1.2.2 System Testing

System testing does not test software but rather the integration of the modules in the system.

It also tests the discrepancies between the system and its original objectives, current

specifications and system documentation.

5.1.2.3 Program Testing

A program testing represents the logical elements of a system. For a program to run

satisfactorily, it must compile and test data correctly and lie in properly with other programs.

Program testing checks for two types of errors namely:-

Syntax Error.

Logical Errors

5.1.2.4 String Testing

Programs are invariably related to one another and interact in a total system. Each program is

testing to see wheather it confirms to related programs in the system. Each portion of the

program is tested against the entire modules with both test and line data before the entire

system is ready to be tested.

54


55/70

5.1.2.5 User Acceptance Testing

An acceptance test has the objective of selling the user on the validity and reliability of the

system. Performance of the acceptance test is actually the users show. Users motivation and

knowledge are critical for the successful performance of the system. The authorized person of

the organization, who is responsible for data entry, is familiarized with the various operation

of the system

Conclusion

As the inputs provided by the users is a source of major errors in any system. So while

developing the proposed system this point has been taken care of. In the proposed system

user can give inputs by selecting values from a list of existing values, so users are not allowed

to provide any unusual or unexpected values. It helps in reducing the amount of errors caused

due to erroneous inputs by the user and reduces the amount of time taken for testing.

5.2 Implementation

Implementation includes all those activities that take place to convert from the old system to

new system. The new system may be totally new; replacing an existing manual or automated

system, or it may be a major modification to an existing system. In either case propermodification is essential to provide a reliable system to meet the organization requirements.

Implementing a system consists of the three primary activities of training personnel,

conversion and post implementation review.

Training Personnel

The quality of training received by the personnel involved with the system in various

capacities helps or hinders, and may even prevent the successful implementation of an

information system. Those who will be associated with or affected by the system must know

in detail what their rolls will be, how they can use the system and what the system will or will

not do. Both system operators and users need training.

55


56/70

Conversion

Conversion is a process of changing from old system to the new one. There are four methods

of handling a system conversion, viz. parallel, direct cutover, pilot approach and phase-in

method.

Post implementation and review

After the system is implemented and the system conversion is complete, a review of the

system is usually conducted by the users and analysts alike. It should be a formal process to

determine how well the system is working and how it has been accepted and whether

adjustments are needed.

56


57/70

CHAPTER - 6

Conclusion

57


58/70

6. Conclusion

The web Enabled Information System can improve the performance of various schemes

by better monitoring of related achievements and identification of appropriate actions toaccount for discrepancies by providing timely, accurate, consistent and up to date

information necessary for agricultural purposes.

6.1 The immediate direct benefits that can be expected are:

Improved documentation of records.

Better availability of complete and relevant data to the users in desired formats.

Redundancy of data can be reduced.

Inconsistency of data can be avoided.

Integrity can be maintained.

Faster and accurate traditional data processing activities such as updates and

production of predefined reports.

Quick response to ad-hoc queries.

Improved data analysis.

Reduction in administrative paper work of professionals.

Reduction in tedium for repetitive manual jobs.

6.2 Limitation of the project

Since every system has some limitations so this proposed system is also not

untouchable in this regard. Although it includes many kind of features but still it would

require more technical manpower and more tools e.g. analytical tools could be used for

further analysis of the system and GIS software could be used for the visual

representation of the reports and queries in the form of maps.

58


59/70

CHAPTER 7

Annexure

59


60/70

7. Annexure

7.1 Screen Shots

1. Page for selecting various parameters for displaying State Level Irrigation Scheme

Information.

Fig 7.1 State Name

60


61/70

2. Page for selecting various parameters for displaying District Level Irrigation

Scheme Information.

Fig 7.2 District Name

3. Page for selecting various parameters for displaying Block Level Irrigation SchemeInformation.

61


62/70


63/70

6. Page for selecting various parameters for displaying Deep Tube Well Information.

Fig 7.6: Deep Tube Well Information

63


64/70


65/70

8. Page for selecting various parameters for displaying Surface Flow Information.

Fig 7.8: Surface Flow Information

9. Page for selecting various parameters for displaying Surface Lift Information.

Fig 7.9: Surface Lift Information

65


66/70

66


67/70

References/Bibliography

67


68/70

Bibliography

Beginning ASP.NET 3.5 with C# 2005 , Wrox Publication

By Chris Ullman, John Kauffman, Chris Hart, David Sussman

Professional ASP.NET 3.5

By Alex Home, Dave Sussman, Rob Howard, Brian Francis, Karli Watson, Richard

Anderson

Mastering SQL SQRVER 2005

By Mike Gunderloy, Joseph L. Jorden

Software Engineering

By Pressman

System Design and Analysis

By E.Awad

Database System Concepts, 3rd Edition, Mc Graw-Hill, Inc.

By Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudershan

Websites:

www.godotnet.com

www.4guysfromroll.com

www.wikipedia.com

68
http://www.godotnet.com/http://www.4guysfromroll.com/http://www.wikipedia.com/http://www.godotnet.com/http://www.4guysfromroll.com/http://www.wikipedia.com/


69/70

69


70/70

Date post:	07-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	kunal-singh
View:	214 times
Download:	0 times

CHAPTER1 (Autosaved)

Documents