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WHAT ISALIVE?
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
BIOLOGY: the study of life
Biotic
Abiotic
“Life” is difficult to define The characteristics of life must apply to all
living organisms including: _______________ , ___________________ , and ___________________.
ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF
CELLS
• Cells are the smallest unit capable of sustaining life
• Organisms range from unicellular to multicellular
ALL LIVING THINGS CONTAIN
DNA
• DNA is the genetic information that creates the organism
ALL LIVING THINGS CONTAIN
DNA
• DNA is the genetic information that creates the organism• Every living organism is made up of the same A, T, G, C code
98%
ALL LIVING THINGS
REPRODUCE
• Produce offspring similar or identical to themselves
• Pass on genetic information
(DNA)
ALL LIVING THINGS
OBTAIN AND USE ENERGY
• Organisms require energy to perform their processes
• Energy is obtained from their environment
• Metabolism:The combination of chemical reactions where an organism builds up and breaks down materials
ALL LIVING THINGS
RESPOND
• Organisms detect and respond to stimuli from their environment
ALL LIVING THINGS
MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS
• a fairly stable internal environment
• Positive and negative feedback loops
ALL LIVING THINGS
GROW and DEVELOP
• Grow in size• Change in appearance and
abilities
ALL LIVING THINGS
EVOLVE
• Populations change over long periods of time
• Each species has characteristics that vary within the population
• Some of these variations are preferred and become more pronounced over time
Living organisms must possess all of these characteristics simultaneously.
Inanimate systems – such as viruses – may produce most of these
ALL OR SOME?