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Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides for ROBERT W. BAUMAN MICROBIOLOGY Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
PowerPoint® Lecture Slides for
ROBERT W. BAUMAN
MICROBIOLOGY
Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• Most diverse group of organisms
• Habitats
• From Antarctic _________ to thermal __________
• From colons of animals to cytoplasm of other prokaryotes
• From _____________ to supersaturated brine
• From disinfectant solutions to ___________
• Only a few capable of colonizing humans and causing disease
Prokaryotes
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Morphology of Prokaryotic Cells
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• All reproduce asexually
• Three methods
• Binary fission (most common)
• Snapping division
• Reproductive structure formation
Reproduction of Prokaryotic Cells
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Binary Fission
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Snapping Division
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Reproductive Structure Formation
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• Result from two aspects of division during binary fission
• Planes in which cells divide
• Separation of daughter cells
Arrangements of Prokaryotic Cells
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Arrangements of Cocci
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Arrangements of Cocci
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Arrangements of Cocci
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Arrangements of Cocci
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Arrangements of Cocci
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Arrangements of Cocci
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Arrangements of Bacilli
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Arrangements of Bacilli
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Arrangements of Bacilli
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Arrangements of Bacilli
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Arrangements of Bacilli
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• Produced by Gram-________ Bacillus and _________
• Each vegetative cell transforms into ____ endospore
• Each _______ germinates to form ____ vegetative cell
• = defensive strategy against _____________________
Endospores
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Endospore Formation
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Endospore Formation
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Locations of Endospore
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Locations of Endospore
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• Extremely resistant to ______________________ and lethal chemicals
• Stable resting stage
• Can remain viable for _____________________ years
• Serious concern to ___________, health care professionals, and ___________
Endospores
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• Currently based on genetic relatedness of rRNA sequences
• Three domains
• Archaea
• _______
• Eukarya
Modern Prokaryotic Classification
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Archaea
• Unique rRNA sequences
• No _____________
• Different membrane ______
• AUG start codon = methionine
• Types
• ______________
• Thermophiles
• ___________
• Methanogens
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Bacteria
• Deeply Branching Bacteria
• Phototrophic Bacteria
• Cyanobacteria
• Green sulfur bacteria
• Green nonsulfur bacteria
• Purple sulfur bacteria
• Purple nonsulfur bacteria
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Gram Positive Bacteria
• Low G + C
• High G + C
• Clostridia
• Mycoplasmas
• Bacillus
• Listeria
• Lactobacillus
• Streptococcus
• Staphylococcus
• Corynebacterium
• Mycobacterium
• Actinomycetes
• Actinomyces
• Nocardia
• Streptomyces
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Summary of Selected Gram-Positive Bacteria
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Summary of Selected Gram-Positive Bacteria
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• ___________ and ___________ group of bacteria
• Proteobacteria - Five distinct classes
• Alphaproteobacteria
• Betaproteobacteria
• Gammaproteobacteria
• Deltaproteobacteria
• Epsilonproteobacteria
• Chlamydias
• Spirochetes
• Bacteriods
Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Summary of Selected Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Summary of Selected Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Summary of Selected Gram-Negative Bacteria
