Charles E. Colman, "Patents and Perverts" (presentation on work-in-progress, given at Nov. 2014...

8/10/2019 Charles E. Colman, "Patents and Perverts" (presentation on work-in-progress, given at Nov. 2014 Marquette Law "Mosaic" conference)

1/33

jy

Nm`rhds D. Nkhl`c@nticf @ssist`ct _rkadsskr ka H`wydricf, CYT ^nmkkh ka H`w

@beucnt _rkadsskr, CYT ^tdicm`rbt, Qisu`h Nuhturd5 Nkstuld ^tubids

_`tdcts `cb _drvdrts,kr,

Mkw ^miaticf Fdcbdr `cb ^dxu`hity Ckrls ic H`td 09tm Ndctury @ldrin`,Nkcndptu`hhy L`ppdb Kctk Bdnkr`tivd `cb Krc`ldct`h Kjednts`cbtmd _ril`ry Jkby ka H`w Fkvdrcicf tmd Zdprkbuntikc ka Rmksd KjedntsNkctrijutdb tk tmd L`rfic`hiz`tikc ka T.^. Bdsifc _`tdcts, _rkbunicf

Bkntric`h Bistkrtikcs ic Luhtiphd @rd`s ka I_ Rm`t _drsist Rkb`y

Rmis prdsdct`tikc w`s fivdc `t L`rqudttd H`w ^nmkkhs Ic`ufur`h Lks`in Nkcadrdcnd7 :?02 Nm`rhds D. Nkhl`c


2/33

Ic tmis prkednt, I `bv`cnd tmd `rfuldct tm`t T.^.bdsifc-p`tdct h`w dxpdridcndb ` quidt tr`csakrl`tikcic its daadntivd purpksd ic tmd h`td Cicdtddctm Ndctury,`cb tm`t tmis tr`csakrl`tikc w`s brivdc ic h`rfd p`rtjy ` nkctdlpkr`cdkus bdst`jihiz`tikc ka fdcbdr `cbsdxu`hity ckrls ic tmd pkhitin`hhy bklic`ct sdfldcts

ka @cfhk-@ldrin`c nuhturd.

Kvdrvidw


3/33

Arkl tmd airst lurlurs ka tmd pkssijihity ka bdsifc-p`tdctprktdntikc ic tmd 0=>?s wdhh ictk tmd sdnkcb m`ha ka tmdcicdtddctm ndctury, l`icstrd`l @ldrin`c hdf`h rmdtkrinbdsnrijdb bdsifc p`tdcts `s ` vdminhd akr prklkticf tmd

prkfrdss ka tmd bdnkr`tivd `rts. Buricf tmd s`ld tildpdrikb, mkwdvdr, pkpuh`r nkcckt`tikcs ka bdnkr`tikc `cbkrc`ldctdspdni`hhy ic rdh`tikc tk fdcbdr `cb lkr`hitywdrd ucbdrfkicf `c dvkhutikc ic @ldrin`c nuhturd.

Jy tmd h`st qu`rtdr ka tmd Cicdtddctm Ndctury, lunm ka tmdkrc`ldct`h l`tdri`h ucbdr tmd pril`ry hdf`h purvidw katmd bdsifc-p`tdct rdfild m`b briatdb ictk ` nkcckt`tivdnhustdr tm`t icnhubdb tr`its higd arivkhity `cb daadlic`ny.

Kvdrvidw (nkctb)


4/33

Jy tmd 0=9?s, skni`h bdvdhkpldcts prkvkgicf `cxidty `jkut sdxrkhds ic sknidty, `hkcf witm mifm-prkaihd dvdcts (higd tmdsnidctiain bisnkvdry ka mklksdxu`hity `cb tmd ictdrc`tikc`hhyakhhkwdb skbkly tri`hs ka Ksn`r Vihbd, wdhh-gckwc `dstmdtd`cb `bvkn`td ka jdùtiauh tmicfs akr tmd mkld), m`b dxp`cbdbtmd nkcckt`tivd nhustdr surrkucbicf krc`ldct `cb bdnkr`tikctk icnhubd sunm skni`hhy uc`nndpt`jhd nm`r`ntdristins `s lkr`hbdn`y `cb pdrvdrsikc.

@ldrin`c adbdr`h eubfds, `nticf ic rdspkcsd tk tmdsd nm`cficfskni`h ckrls `cb tmd icnrd`sicfhy nkbdb c`turd ka tmd kjednts

kvdr wminm bdsifc p`tdct prktdntikc w`s nhìldb, jdf`c tkdcakrnd (kr bdnhicd tk dcakrnd) sunm p`tdcts j`sdb ckt kc tmdicnrd`sicfhy suspdnt pujhin pkhiny ka prklkticf tmd bdnkr`tivd`rts, jut r`tmdr kc tmd sddlicfhy ucilpd`nm`jhd kjedntivd kaprklkticf nklldrnd tmrkufm ucaìr-nklpdtitikc pricniphds.

Kvdrvidw (nkctb)


5/33

Rmd rmdtkrin`h `cb bkntric`h icckv`tikcs ka aic-bd-sinhdeubini`h bdnisikcs daadntivdhy tr`csakrldb T.^. bdsifc-p`tdctprktdntikc arkl `c icndctivd akr tmd nrd`tikc ka `rt (skldwm`tic tmd vdic ka twdctidtm-ndctury nkpyrifmt) tk `c icndctivd akricvdstldct ic icbustri`h vdcturds (`rfu`jhy ic tmd vdic ka h`td-twdctidtm-ndctury tr`bd-brdss prktdntikc akr prkbunt bdsifc),

tk dssdcti`hhy ` bd`b hdttdr (kcnd akrl`h prkbunt-bdsifc tr`bd-brdss rifmts wdrd rdnkfcizdb jy tmd nkurts.)

Vmihd tmis smiat rdcbdrdb bdsifc-p`tdct eurisprubdcndrdnkcnih`jhd, `t jktm tmd psynmkhkfin`h `cb skni`h hdvdh, witmprdv`ihicf mdtdrksdxu`h l`hd v`huds `cb nkcndrcs, it bib sk `ttmd dxpdcsd ka bdsifc-p`tdct prktdntikcs daadntivdcdss ic`nnklphismicf its krific`h purpksd. Aurtmdr, tmd rdsuhticfl`rfic`hiz`tikc ka bdsifc p`tdcts prkbundb bkntric`hbistkrtikcs (nkcndptu`h sdp`r`jihity, `dstmdtin aucntikc`hity,dtn.) ic ktmdr `rd`s ka ictdhhdntu`h prkpdrty tm`t stdppdb ic.

Kvdrvidw (nkctb)


6/33

Krific ka tmis prkednt

Vmihd writicf ` trd`tisd (ckw ` sdrids ka h`w rdvidw `rtinhds) kc I_prktdntikc akr a`smikc bdsifc, I n`ld `nrkss l`cy eubini`h kpicikcstm`t wdrd kpdchy bislissivd ka tmd sujednt l`ttdr ic bisputd. Vmdc`sgdb tk sujlit ` smkrt `rtinhd tk tmd a`smikc-stubids ekurc`h Qdstke,I nklpihdb gdy qukt`tikcs arkl skld ka tmd bdnisikcs ic qudstikc

Nm`rhds D. Nkhl`c,

A`smikc ^dxisl `cb tmd Tcitdb ^t`tds

Adbdr`h Eubini`ry

, 2 Q

D^RKE

4> :?0>)

(Rmd T.^. adbdr`h eubini`ry m`sardqudcthy bisph`ydb ` bislissivd `ttitubd tkw`rb a`smikc, wmihd

siluht`cdkushy rdnkfcizicf tmd frd`t dnkcklin ilpkrt`cnd ka nhktmicf.@s a`smikc w`s, arkl tmd akrl`tikc ka tmd Tcitdb ^t`tds uctih `t hd`sttmd h`td 091?s, `sskni`tdb pril`rihy witm tmd adl`hd sdx . . . , kcdc`tur`hhy wkcbdrs wmdtmdr tmd pkwdr byc`lins ka fdcbdr sm`pdbtmd bdvdhkpldct ka tmd h`w pdrt`icicf tk a`smikc. Rmdrd is fkkb rd`skctk jdhidvd tm`t tmis m`s icbddb jddc tmd n`sd.)


7/33

Jut I n`ld tk suspdnt tm`t tmdrd w`s

skldtmicf lkrd fkicf kc ic tmd eubini`h licbAr`cghic Gcitticf Lihhs Icn. v. Frkppdr Gcitticf Lihhs,04 A.:b >64, >64 (:b Nir. 09:1), ndrt. bdcidb, :6> T.^.610 (09:6) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

WRids\ `rd jkufmt, ckt kchy jdn`usd ka tmdir utihity tktmd wd`rdr `cb tmdir `ttr`ntivdcdss tk ktmdrs wmdcwkrc, jut `hsk jdn`usd ka tmd `ppd`h, `s ckvdh,krc`ldct`h, `cb phd`sicf, tm`t tmd bdsifc l`gds tktmd `dstmdtin sdcsd ka tmd purnm`sdr, kaatilds Wsin\ tmdwiad, swddtmd`rt, kr adl`hd rdh`tivd ka tmd l`c wmk istk wd`r it.


8/33

B@QIBGTNMR@, RMDRMZDD-_IDND^TIR@CBLKBDZCL@^NTHICIRY5 DCFH@CB, 044?-0=4?, 6 (:??:)5L`ccdrs `cb l`tdri`h nuhturd f`vd sm`pd tk ibdkhkfin`hprkndssds7 l`tdri`h sifcs akrldb `cb icakrldb systdls kapkwdr, r`tmdr tm`c st`cbicf kutsibd tmdl ic skld dxtdrikrsyljkhin rd`hl. WAkktcktd klittdb.\ Rmus wmihd ibd`s kal`snuhicd nm`r`ntdr wdrd nkcstruntdb jy nm`cficf pkhitin`hibdkhkfids, pkhitin`h ibdkhkfids ic turc wdrd nkcstruntdb`rkucb nm`cficf cktikcs ka nm`r`ntdr . . . . WI\t is cdndss`ry tk

rdnkcsibdr tmd dpistdlkhkfy tm`t sdds nuhtur`h `rtia`nts `sldrdhy syljkhin ka nm`cfds ic ktmdr, lkrd rd`h rd`hls. Vdlust rdtmicg tmd rdh`tikcsmip jdtwddc syljkh `cb sujst`cnd,jdtwddc nuhtur`h pr`ntinds `cb tmd skni`h, pkhitin`h, `cbdnkcklin rd`hitids tm`t prdsul`jhy st`cb jdmicb tmdl.

@s I dx`licdb ` v`ridty ka skurnds br`wc arklbivdrsd bisniphicds, ly tmdsis jdf`c tk t`gd sm`pd


9/33

Rmd dldrficf pinturd suffdstdb tm`t tmdrd

w`s a`r lkrd tm`c ldrd sdxisl `t wkrgDH@ICD^MKV@HRDZ, ^D]T@H@C@ZNMY5 FDCBDZ@CBNTHRTZD@RRMDAICBDÎNHD: (0990) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Rmd bist`cnd jdtwddc WB`rwic `cb Lihhs,\ @vifckc `cbV`hds, stkcd mkusd `cb mihhsibd, curturd `cb c`turdprdnisdhy bdhilits tmd nkctrkvdrtdb tdrrìc ka tmd wkl`cqudstikc ic @cfhk-@ldrin`c snidcnd ic tmd h`td cicdtddctmndctury. Rmd lkldct w`s kcd ic wminm skni`h `cb snidctiainbdvdhkpldcts nkcvdrfdb tk nrd`td tmd pkssijihity `cburfdcny ka ` snidcnd ka l`hd `cb adl`hd c`turd `cb ka tmd

biaadrdcnds jdtwddc tmdl

. ûnm ` snidcnd wkuhb, it w`sjdhidvdb, smdb hifmt kc vdxicf skni`h issuds rìsdb jynm`cfds ic wkldcs rkhds `cb st`tus tm`t wdrd t`gicf ph`ndburicf tmd libbhd `cb h`tdr cicdtddctm ndctury.


10/33

Mkw tk ictdrprdt h`cfu`fd higd tmis, akr dx`lphd;

Nm`rhds Jkhbt Nk. v. Rurcdr Jrks. Nk.

, 099 A. 0>9 (6tm Nir.090:) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Vmdtmdr kr ckt tmd bdvind ka ` bdsifc p`tdct s`tisaids tmdrdquirdldcts ka tmd st`tutd is ` l`ttdr tk jd bdtdrlicdb arkltmd ilprdssikc it l`gds upkc tmd licb tmrkufm tmd dyd. Ia itis phd`sicf, `cb akucb tk jd cdw `cb krific`h, upkc `cicspdntikc ka tmd bisnhksurds ka tmd prikr `rt `cb usd, `cb, ic`bbitikc, hd`vds ` bisticnt sdcs`tikc ka `c ucusu`h `cbbdsir`jhd akrl kr `rr`cfdldct ka akrls upkc tmd licb,

wmihd

`t tmd s`ld tild its suffdstikcs `rd wmkhdskld `cb prkpdr,tmdc, `s ` ruhd, it l`y jd sust`icdb `s ` bdvind witmic tmdst`tutd,

dvdc tmkufm tmd dhusivd sp`rg ka fdcius l`y m`vd

`ssuldb tmd muljhd hulicksity ka tmd fhkwwkrl

.)


11/33

^k, wm`t w`sctwmkhdskld `cb prkpdr;

DHIU@JDRMD. FTAADY, ZDRZK5 RMDNTHRTZDKAZDQIQ@H>2(:??1) (Ic Jritìc, tmd W@rt Ckuvdù\ styhd w`s icnrd`sicfhy`sskni`tdb witm `dstmdtinisl `cb p`rtinuh`rhy witm Ksn`rVihbd, wmk m`b jddc ilpriskcdb akr mklksdxu`hity ic 0=94._ihhkry, H@rt Ckuvdù `t ^kutm Gdcsicftkc, `c `rtinhdpujhismdb ic 09?0 ic tmd@rnmitdntur`h Zdvidw, bujjdb tmdstyhd ` a`ct`stin l`h`by. Ictdrvidwdb ic ` L`f`zicd ka @rt`rtinhd ic 09?2, `rnmitdnt Nm`rhds Qkysdy ibdctiaidb @rtCkuvdù witm ` bdjùnm ka sdcsukus addhicf, n`hhicf tmdstyhd bisticnthy ucmd`htmy `cb rdvkhticf. Jy 09>? tmd

@ldrin`c mistkri`c Hdwis Lulakrb rdn`hhdb @rt Ckuvdù `sbklic`tdb jy ` ld`cicfhdss styhistin dxujdr`cnd. VmdcEkmc Jdtedl`c survdydb tmd styhd ic tmd s`ld yd`r md`blittdb tm`t it m`b prkbundb l`cy ` mibdkus hitthd sibdt`jhd, l`cy ` singhy arkct bkkr.)


12/33

Lkucticf dvibdcnd suffdstdb tm`t bdvi`ct sdxu`hitysdrvdb `s ` hdcs akr dv`hu`ticf tmd lkr`hity ka `rt fdcrds

Yvdttd Frdsh, ^tr`tdfids ka vdihicf s`ld-sdx bdsird `cb its pujhinnkcsulptikc5 @ujrdy Jd`rbshdy's ihhustr`tikc ka Ksn`r Vihbds 0=92^`hkld, 6? BD@ZRD::, >2 (:??2) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Ic Vihbds tri`hs ic 0=94, mis pdrndivdb pksitikc `s jktm spkgdspdrskc

akr `rt `cb dx`lphd ka sdxu`h bdvi`ct rdsuhtdb ic ` rdl`rg`jhd dhisikc ic

tmd pujhin bkl`ic ka `rt `cb sdxu`hity `cb tmus ic tmd nrd`tikc ka ` cdw

n`tdfkry ka dstmdtinisl. . . `s mis wkrgs wdrd fivdc dqu`h tild witm missdxu`h pr`ntinds buricf tmd tri`hs, `dstmdtinisl n`ld tk rdprdsdct `bisticnt `cb priv`td rd`hl ka `rt `cb sdxu`hity. WZdfdci` F`rcidr\

Vihbds icvdrsikc ka Qintkri`c lkr`h v`huds

`cb tmd pdrndivdb

purpksdhdsscdss ka mis `dstmdtin ka `rt akr `rts s`gd w`s dqu`tdb witm

tmd pdrndivdb illkr`hity `cb `ssuldb purpksdhdsscdss ka mis s`ld-sdx

pr`ntinds

.


13/33

Mistkrin`h wkrg ic skni`h psynmkhkfy suppkrtdb

tmd cktikc tm`t T.^. adbdr`h eubfds (`hh l`hd)cdndss`rihy tkkg cktd ka tmdsd bdvdhkpldcts

Db Nkmdc, Rmd Bkujhd Hivds ka L`c5 C`rr`tikc `cbIbdctiain`tikc ic H`td Cicdtddctm-Ndctury Zdprdsdct`tikcs

ka Dn-ndctrin L`snuhicitids, ic @HHYHDBFDZ& ^NKRRLNNZ@NGDC, DB^., NTHRTZ@H_KHIRIN^@RRMDAICBD^INHD=4, 90 (N`ljribfd 0994)5

@s tmd cicdtddctm ndctury `rtinuh`tikcs ka nh`ss `cb fdcbdr

icnrd`sicfhy skufmt tk rdprkbund ckrl`tivd . . . l`snuhicity

jy aifuricf it `s tm`t wminm w`s `ctitmdtin`h tk `cb

cdndss`rihy dxnhusivd ka sdxu`h bdsirds akr ktmdr ldc, tmdy

l`bd tmis dxnhusikc`ry nritdri` tmd psynmkhkfin`h) j`sis akr

pkssdssicf `pprkpri`td akrls ka l`hd sujedntivity.


14/33

@ldrin`c (l`hd) eubfds (nkctb)

FDKZFDNM@TCNDY, F@YCDVYKZG5 FDCBDZ, TZJ@CNTHRTZD,@CBRMDL@GICFKARMDF@YL@HDVKZHB,0=9?-092?, 0??, 22 c.:9 (0992) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Dvdc `s quddr ldc jdf`c tk bdaicd tmdir biaadrdcnd arklktmdr ldc kc tmd j`sis ka tmdir mklksdxu`hity, ckrl`h ldcjdf`c tk bdaicd tmdir biaadrdcnd arkl quddrs kc tmd j`sis katmdir rdcucni`tikc ka `cy sdctildcts kr jdm`vikr tm`t lifmtjd l`rgdb `s mklksdxu`h. . . .

@ sylp`tmdtin `cb ucusu`hhy wdhh icakrldb bkntkr writicfic 090= nkcairldb tmd v`hibity ka sunm nkcndrcs, ckticf tm`tic rdspdnt`jhd sknidty, tmd `nnus`tikc ka pdrvdrsityWmklksdxu`hity\ . . . ld`cs ruic.


15/33

Rmus, tmd st`tds pkwdr w`s bdphkydb tk pkhindckrl`tivd sdxu`hity tmrkufm v`rikus ld`cs

Zutm Zkjjics, @ Qdry Nurikus Nkcstruntikc5 L`snuhicity `cb tmd_kdtry ka @. D. Mkusl`c `cb Ksn`r Vihbd, ic @HHYHDBFDZ&^NKRRLNNZ@NGDC, DB^., NTHRTZ@H_KHIRIN^@RRMDAICBD^INHD0>6, 0>= (0994) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Rmd ad`r ka `c dcbicf `rkusdb jy tmd tdrlaic bd sinhdisictil`tdhy rdh`tdb tk cktikcs ka luhtiphinity5 `jkvd `hh tmd ad`r tm`ttmd `c`rnmy ka luhtiphd ictdrprdt`tikcs wihh rdph`nd tmd s`adty kakcd vidw ka tmd wkrhb. Rmd dvdcts ka 0=94 wdrd ka nruni`hilpkrt`cnd mdrd. Vihbds bkwca`hh br`l`tizdb tmd nkcahintjdtwddc tmksd wmk wdrd prdp`rdb tk hivd `t tmd l`rfics, tk hivdsiluht`cdkushy sdvdr`h biaadrdct vdrsikcs ka hiad, `cb tmksd wmkwismdb tk usd tmd auhh ibdkhkfin`h wdifmt ka nmurnm `cb st`td tkdcakrnd cicdtddctm-ndctury sdxu`h ckrls.


16/33

0.Q`rikus prddxisticf `cb cdwhy nrd`tdb l`tdri`hsspdniain`hhy kc T.^. bdsifc-p`tdct h`w arkl its

icndptikc tk prdsdct:.@ctmrkpkhkfin`h snmkh`rsmip>. ^dliktin tmdkry2.Qisu`h- `cb l`tdri`h-nuhturd snmkh`rsmip4. Ktmdr snmkh`rs mistkrin`h `c`hysis1.

@n`bdlin, pkpuh`r, `cb eubini`h nklldct`ry6. Nkfcitivd-snidcnd rdsd`rnm `cb `pphin`tikc

@c kvdrvidw ka tmd bivdrsd skurnds usdb ic

tmis prkednt (ly prkfrdssivd I_ tkkhjkx)


17/33

! Krifics ka `cb rmdtkrin surrkucbicf T.^. bdsifc p`tdct h`w! ^miaticf bdlkfr`pmins kc tmd adbdr`h eubini`ry, `cb tmd

nm`r`ntdristins ka tmd eubfds wmk wrktd gdy bdnisikcs!

^t`tistins kc issu`cnd ka bdsifc p`tdcts (`cb utihity p`tdcts)! ^t`tistins kc hitif`tikc kvdr bdsifc p`tdcts (`cb utihity

p`tdcts)jktm rdh`tivd ardqudcny `cb kutnklds! Eubfds bkntric`h icckv`tikcs ic bdsifc-p`tdct h`w! Eubini`h bisnussikc ka rdhdv`ct prdndbdct kc bdsifc p`tdcts! Dvkhvicf ldtmkbs ka bdsnrijicf tmd sujednt l`ttdr `t issud! Rrd`tisds arkl tmd d`rhy 09??s kc T.^. bdsifc-p`tdct h`w! B`tds `cb ardqudcny ka hkjjyicf daakrts tk aix bdsifc p`tdcts! Hdfish`tivd rdspkcsds (ia `cy), `cb h`cfu`fd arkl ahkkr bdj`tds

I `l ic tmd prkndss ka nklpihicf `cb ictdrprdticf(0) v`rikus eubini`h, hdfish`tivd, `cb `blicistr`tivd

skurnds `cb st`tistins kc T.^. bdsifc p`tdcts


18/33

Rk h`y ` tmdkrdtin`h akucb`tikc,

I icvkgd (:) `ctmrkpkhkfin`h snmkh`rsmipL@ZYBKTFH@^, _TZIRY@CBB@CFDZ0:2 (0911, Zkuthdbfd:??:) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Ndrt`ichy pdkphd n`rry rkucb witm tmdl ` nkcsnikuscdss ka

skni`h strunturd. Rmdy nurj tmdir `ntikcs ic `nnkrb`cnd witmtmd sylldtrids `cb midr`rnmids tmdy sdd tmdrdic, `cb strivdnkcticu`hhy tk ilprdss tmdir vidw ka tmd rdhdv`ct jit kastrunturd kc ktmdr `ntkrs ic tmd sndcd . . . . Rmdrd `rd ckitdls ka nhktmicf kr ka akkb kr ka ktmdr pr`ntin`h usd wminm wd

bk ckt sdizd upkc `s tmd`trin`h prkpstk br`l`tisd tmd w`ywd w`ct tk prdsdct kur rkhds `cb tmd sndcd wd `rd ph`yicfic. Dvdrytmicf wd bk is sifciain`ct, cktmicf is witmkut itsnkcsnikus syljkhin hk`b. Lkrdkvdr, cktmicf is hkst kc tmd`ubidcnd.


19/33

H@VZDCNDZK^DC, H@V@^NTHRTZD5 @CICQIR@RIKC6 (:??1)5

Ic d`nm icst`cnd, h`w is sk icdxtrin`jhy dctwicdb ic nuhturdtm`t, akr `hh its spdni`hizdb n`p`jihitids, it l`y, icbddb, jdstjd sddc ckt silphy `s ` ldnm`cisl akr `ttdcbicf tk bisputdskr dcakrnicf bdnisikcs, ckt skhdhy `s `rtinuh`tdb ruhds kr `sdvibdcnd ka biaadrdcti`h pkwdr, `cb ckt dvdc `s tmd rdiain`tikc

ka pdrskc`h v`huds kr supdrkrbic`td jdhidas, jut `s `ar`ldwkrg akr krbdrdb rdh`tikcsmips, `c krbdrhicdss tm`t isitsdha bdpdcbdct kc its `tt`nmldct tk `hh tmd ktmdr rd`hls kaits `bmdrdcts hivds.) (Dlpm`sis `bbdb.)

Rk h`y ` tmdkrdtin`h akucb`tikc,I icvkgd (:) `ctmrkpkhkfin`h snmkh`rsmip


20/33

ED@CJ@TBZIHH@ZB, RMD Y^RDLKAKJEDNR^12 (Qdrsk db. :??4)(dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Rmd rd`h bildcsikc Wtm`t kjednts\ knnupy is n`ptivd tk tmd lkr`hbildcsikc wminm it is tmdir ekj tk sifciay . . . . Ic`slunm `s akrls`rd rdh`tivd tk kcd `cktmdr, `cb nkcticu`hhy rdadr tk ktmdr,mklkhkfkus akrls, tmdy prdsdct tmd `spdnt ka ` aicismdb bisnkursd

tmd kptil`h rd`hiz`tikc ka `c dssdcnd ka l`c `cb `c dssdcnd katmd wkrhb. Rmd bisnkursd is cdvdr icckndct, mkwdvdr5 tmd

`rtinuh`tikc ka akrls `lkcf tmdlsdhvds `hw`ys nkcnd`hs `cktmdr,icbirdnt bisnkursd. . . ^ystdl`tin tdnmcinity Wic l`tdri`h nuhturd\n`hhs akrtm systdl`tin nuhtur`h nkcckt`tikc. ^dd `hsk ib.`t 10(Wt\md w`y kjednts `rd usdb ic dvdryb`y hiad Wn`c ilphy\ `c `hlkst`utmkrit`ri`c sdt ka `ssulptikcs `jkut tmd wkrhb.)

Rk aurtmdr h`y ` tmdkrdtin`h akucb`tikc,I icvkgd (>) sdliktin tmdkry


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ZKH@CBJ@ZRMD^, IL@FD LT^IN RD]R>0 (0966)5

WR\mdrd is ck pdrndptikc witmkut illdbi`td n`tdfkriz`tikc . . . .WQisu`h\ nkcckt`tikc, higd dvdry wdhh-strunturdb sifciain`tikc, is `c

icstitutikc`h `ntivity7 ic rdh`tikc tk sknidty kvdr`hh, its aucntikc istk ictdfr`td l`c, tk rd`ssurd mil. Dvdry nkbd is `t kcnd `rjitr`ry`cb r`tikc`h7 rdnkursd tk ` nkbd is tmus `hw`ys `c kppkrtucity akrl`c tk prkvd milsdha, tk tdst milsdha tmrkufm ` rd`skc `cb `hijdrty. WVd n`c\ t`gd stkng birdnthy ka tmd ibdkhkfin`h nkctdcts ka

kur `fd7 jy tryicf tk rdnkcstitutd ic its spdniain strunturd tmd nkbdka nkcckt`tikc ka ` lkbd ka nkllucin`tikc W`cb\ l`y mkpd tk aicb,ic Wits\ vdry sujthdty, tmd akrls kur sknidty usds tk dcsurd its pd`ndka licb`cb tk fr`sp tmdrdjy tmd l`fcitubd, tmd bdtkurs, `cb tmducbdrhyicf aucntikc ka tm`t `ntivity. (Dlpm`sis `bbdb.)

Rk aurtmdr h`y ` tmdkrdtin`h akucb`tikc,I icvkgd (>) sdliktin tmdkry


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^T^@CJ. G@I^DZ, A@^MIKC@CBNTHRTZ@H^RTBID^04> (:?0:)(dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

_kpuh`r ldbi` bisnkursds Wic @cfhk-@ldrin`c nuhturd\ n`st pdkphdwmk wdrd h`jdhdb mklksdxu`h ictk tmd rkhd ka sdxu`h bdvi`ct . . . .Rmd Jritism prdss pr`isdb Vihbds fuihty vdrbint akr `nts tm`t`tt`ng `hh tmd wmkhdskld, l`chy, silphd ibd`hs ka Dcfhism hiad `cbsdt up a`hsd fkbs ka bdn`bdct nuhturd. WNkhic ^pdcndr.\ Rmd Vihbdtri`hs rdndivdb quitd ` jit ka pujhinity ic tmd Tcitdb ^t`tds, `s wdhh,

`cb pujhin ad`rs `jkut mklksdxu`hity ictdcsiaidb . . . . Rmd il`fdka Vihbds vdhvdt nk`ts, gcdd jrddnmds, sihg stkngicfs, hkcf n`pd,`cb ahkwicf tids jdn`ld syljkhin ka mkw mklksdxu`hity w`ssuppksdb tk hkkg. Daadlic`td, mklksdxu`h il`fds sunm `s tmdsdwdrd tk nkcticud fdcdr`ticf `cxidty wdhh ictk tmd W:?tm ndctury.\

Rk suppkrt ly `rfuldct, I rdhy kc

(2`) tmd wkrg ka visu`h-nuhturd snmkh`rs


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(2j) tmd wkrg ka l`tdri`h-nuhturd snmkh`rsRMKL@Ê. ^NMHDZDRM, QINRKZI@C@LDZIN@5 RZ@CÂKZL@RIKC ICDQDZYB@YHIAD, 0=61-0904, 0:: (0990)5

Ldc `cb wkldc gcdw wmdrd tk sit, sicnd p`rhkr aurciturd w`s fdcbdrbisticntivd. Fdcthdldcs nmìrs wdrd tmrkcdhigd, mifmdr tm`c h`bysnmìrs `cb witm `rls. H`bids nmìrs h`ngdb `rls (ic p`rt tk`nnkllkb`td tmdir auhh sgirts) `cb wdrd bdsifcdb tk rdicakrnd tmd dr`spkstur`h rdquirdldcts akr wkldctk sit uprifmt, `w`y arkl tmd nmìrj`ng, witm kcds m`cbs akhbdb ic kcds h`p.

^dd `hsk J@TBZIHH@ZB, supr``t shibd 09 (Wt\md styhd ka aurciturdnm`cfds `s tmd icbivibu`hs rdh`tikcsmip tk a`lihy `cb sknidty nm`cfd.)


24/33

Zutm Zkjjics, @ Qdry Nurikus Nkcstruntikc5 L`snuhicity `cbtmd _kdtry ka @. D. Mkusl`c `cb Ksn`r Vihbd, ic @HHYHDBFDZ& ^NKRRLNNZ@NGDC, DB^., NTHRTZ@H_KHIRIN^@RRMDAICBD^INHD0>6, 0>6 (N`ljribfd 0994) (akr Vihbd, `hh

`rt is dssdcti`hhy usdhdss dxndpt `s `rt `cb j`sdb kc tmdlkrds ka tmd tild, `c daadlic`td usd ka h`cfu`fd wkuhb jdkcd wminm prdadrrdb tmd pm`tin tk tmd aucntikc`h, `s bib tmdahkwdry hdttdr arkl Vihbd tk Bkufh`s tm`t ad`turdbprklicdcthy ic Vihbds 0=94 tri`h).

^dd `hsk ib.`t 02> (Rmd cdwsp`pdrs dst`jhismWdb\ ` mklkhkfyjdtwddc tdxtu`h ictdrprdt`tikc `cb nm`r`ntdrkhkfin`h`ssdssldct.) (qukticf DBNKMDC, R@HGKCRMDVIHBD^IBD04: (099>)).


(4) ktmdr snmkh`rs mistkrin`h `c`hysis


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Hùr` Bk`c & Nmris V`tdrs, Ictrkbuntikc tk _`rt II,Mklksdxu`hitids, icHTNYJH@CB& H@TZ@BK@C, DB^., ^D]KHKFYTCNDC^KZDB5 RMDBKNTLDCR^KA^D]T@H^NIDCND20, 20-2:(099=) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Rmd d`rhy wkrg ka sdxkhkfists fr`bu`hhy jdf`c tk a`lihi`rizd tmdDurkpd`c `cb Ckrtm @ldrin`c pujhin witm tmd dxistdcnd ka ` cdwspdnids ka jdicf v`rikushy h`jdhdb tmd Trcicf, Tr`ci`c,ictdrldbi`td typd, icvdrt kr mklksdxu`h . . . . Ic Jritìc, tmdNrilic`h H`w @ldcbldct @nt ka 0==> icnhubdb tmd cktkrikusH`jkunmrd @ldcbldct, wminm nrilic`hizdb sk-n`hhdb `nts kafrkss icbdndcny jdtwddc ldc, tmkufm ck h`w w`s dvdr p`ssdb`fìcst hdsji`cisl. Jy tmd tild tmd sdcs`tikc`h tri`hs ka Ksn`rVihbd tkkg ph`nd ic 0=94, l`hd mklksdxu`hity w`s dxtdcsivdhybdj`tdb, `cb . . . sujedntWdb\ tk ictdcsivd snruticy.

Rk suppkrt ly `rfuldct, I rdhy kc(4) ktmdr snmkh`rs mistkrin`h `c`hysis


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Yvdttd Frdsh, ^tr`tdfids ka vdihicf s`ld-sdx bdsird `cb its pujhinnkcsulptikc5 @ujrdy Jd`rbshdys ihhustr`tikc ka Ksn`r Vihbds0=92^`hkld, 6? BD@ZRD::, >4 (:??2) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Vihbds tri`hs tkkg ph`nd `t ` p`rtinuh`rhy sifciain`ct lkldct akrnkcstrunts ka l`hd s`ld-sdx ibdctity . . . . Rmd n`ckc w`smdtdrksdxu`h rdprkbuntivd ictdrnkursd nkcstitutdb `s ckrl`h `cbc`tur`h cb v`hib`tdb jdn`usd ka its prknrd`tivd aucntikc. Vitmictmis n`ckc ` jic`ry w`s dst`jhismdb witmic tmd mdfdlkcin

icar`strunturd wminm nkcstruntdb ldc `s tmd supdrikr sdxictdhhdntu`hhy, lkr`hhy, skni`hhy, pkhitin`hhy `cb pmysin`hhy. Ic tmdh`st twk bdn`bds ka tmd cicdtddctm ndctury tmd dldrfdcnd ka tmdn`tdfkrids Cdw Vkl`c `cb mklksdxu`h dxphinithy tmrd`tdcdb tkbisrupt tmd nkmdsivdcdss ka tmis jic`ry.




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@H@CÎCAIDHB, RMDVIHBDNDCRTZY5 DAADLIC@NY, K^N@ZVIHBD,@CBRMDPTDDZLKLDCR042-44 (0992) (dxphìcicf tm`ttmdrd is ck rd`skc tk dxpdnt . . . ` nklp`r`jhd bdvdhkpldct katmd quddr lkbdh . . . ic ckc-@cfhk-^`xkc nuhturds, jutmifmhifmticf dvibdcnd tm`t tmd Vihbd`c `rnmdtypd ka tmd l`hdquddr w`s md`vihy icahudcti`h ic @ustr`hi` `cb tmd T.^. `s wdhh`s Dcfh`cb)

^dd `hsk ZKYLKZZIÊZ., BDNH@ZICFMI^FDCIT^5 K^N@ZVIHBDICCKZRM@LDZIN@(:?0>) (kc Vihbds 0???-hdnturd tkur ka, `cba`ld ic, tmd Tcitdb ^t`tds)




28/33

AZ@CND^_KVDZNKJJD, NZILIC@H^, IBIKR^, VKLDC, & LICKZ^00> (0=19) (dlpm`sis lkbiaidb)5

I n`c `aairl arkl ly kwc dxpdridcnd, `s wdhh, I jdhidvd, `s tm`t ka`hh wmk m`vd m`b lunm tk bk witm tmd pkkr ka frd`t nitids, tmdrd `rd`lkcf tmdl `t hd`st `s l`cy fkkb wkldc `s j`b

s l`cy wmk

`rd skjdr mkcdst nm`std `cb icbustrikus `s `rd tmd nkctr`ry

.

E.N. Ahfdh, Rmd Frd`t L`snuhicd Zdcucni`tikc `cb Its N`usds, icRMD_^YNMKHKFYKANHKRMD^(09>?) (It is pdrm`ps ck ldrdnm`cnd tm`t ` pdrikb ka ucdx`lphdb snidctiain prkfrdss smkuhb m`vdakhhkwdb tmd `j`cbkcldct ka krc`ldct`h nhktmicf kc tmd p`rt kaldc`t tmd jdficcicf ka tmd h`st ndctury.) (Dlpm`sis `bbdb.)

I `hsk dx`licd (1`) `n`bdlin `cb pkpuh`r

nklldct`ry arkl tmd rdhdv`ct tild pdrikb


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RMKZ^RDICQDJHDC, RMDRMDKZYKARMDHDI^TZDNH@^^00?, 00:(0=99) (dlpm`sis `bbdb) (It fr`tds pìcauhhy kc kur cdrvds tmdcdndssity ka `cy wdhh-jrdb wkldcs d`rcicf ` hivdhimkkb jy usdauh wkrg.It is ckt wkl`cs spmdrd. Mdr spmdrd is witmic tmd mkusdmkhb, wminmsmd smkuhb jdùtiay, `cb ka wminm smd smkuhb jd tmd nmida krc`ldct.)

Fdkrf îlldh, A`smikc, ic FDKZFÎLLDH5 KCICBIQIBT@HIRY@CB^KNI@HAKZL^>0?-00 (09?=, rdv. db. 0960) (dlpm`sis `bbdb) (Ic `ndrtìc sdcsd a`smikc fivds wkl`c ` nklpdcs`tikc akr mdr h`ng kapksitikc ic ` nh`ss j`sdb kc ` n`hhicf kr prkadssikc . . . . Rmd a`nt tm`ttmd bdli-lkcbd is sk ardqudcthy ` pikcddr ic l`ttdrs ka a`smikcis budtk its pdnuhi`rhy uprkktdb akrl ka hiad. Rmd p`ri`m dxistdcnd tk wminmsknidty nkcbdlcs tmd bdli-lkcbd prkbunds `c kpdc kr h`tdct m`trdb`fìcst Wskni`h ruhds `cb h`w, wminm t`gds\ `dstmdtin dxprdssikc ic tmdstrivicf akr dvdr cdw akrls ka `ppd`r`cnd.)

(1`) @n`bdlin/pkpuh`r nklldct`ry (nkctb)


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Nity ka Nmin`fk v. Vihskc, >=9 C.D.:b 4::, 4>>, 4>2 (Ihh. 096=)5

Ic tmis nkurt, tmd nity m`s `ssdrtdb akur rd`skcs akr tmd tkt`hj`c `fìcst nrkss-brdssicf ic pujhin5 (0) tk prktdnt nitizdcs

arkl jdicf lishdb kr bdarùbdb7 (:) tk ìb ic tmd bdsnriptikc`cb bdtdntikc ka nrilic`hs7 (>) tk prdvdct nrilds ic w`smrkkls7`cb (2) tk prdvdct icmdrdcthy `ctiskni`h nkcbuntwminm isnkctr`ry tk tmd `nndptdb ckrls ka kur sknidty . . . . Rmd nitysakurtm rd`skc . . . akr prkmijiticf tmd bdadcb`cts nmkind kapujhin brdss is `pp`rdcthy birdntdb `t prktdnticf tmd pujhinlkr`hs . . . . It is prdsul`jhy jdhidvdb tm`t nrkss-brdssicf ic

pujhin is kaadcsivd tk tmd fdcdr`h pujhins `dstmdtin prdadrdcnd.(Dlpm`sis `bbdb.)

I m`vd akucb it prkbuntivd tk dx`licd (1j)eubini`h nklldct`ry arkl ktmdr `rd`s/dr`s


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Rk smkw tm`t tmd skni`h byc`lins `t wkrgcdndss`rihy l`ppdb kctk bdsifc p`tdcts, I icvkgd

(6`) tmd wkrg ka nkfcitivd snidctistsFDKZFDH@GKAA& L@ZGEKMC^KC, LDR@_MKZ^VDHIQDJY:21, :2> (rdv. db. :??>) (dlpm`sis `bbdb)5

Bk wd systdl`tin`hhy usd icadrdcnd p`ttdrcs arkl kcdnkcndptu`h bklìc tk rd`skc `jkut `cktmdr nkcndptu`hbklìc; Rmd dlpirin`hhy dst`jhismdb `cswdr is yds. Vd n`hhtm`t pmdckldckc nkcndptu`h ldt`pmkr, `cb wd n`hh tmdsystdl`tin nkrrdspkcbdcnd `nrkss sunm bklìcs ldt`pmkrin`h

l`ppicfs. . . .Mkw wd tmicg ldt`pmkrin`hhy l`ttdrs. It n`c bdtdrlicdqudstikcs ka w`r `cb pd`nd, dnkcklin pkhiny, `cb hdf`hbdnisikcs, `s wdhh `s tmd lucb`cd nmkinds ka dvdryb`y hiad.


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^RDQDCH. VICRDZ, @ NHD@ZICFICRMDAKZD^R5 HIAD, H@V,@CBZD@^KC2, 4, 1 (:??0) (It is tmd dssdcnd ka kur nkcndpt kah`w tm`t it kpdr`tds `s `c dxtdrc`h nkcstr`ict, lunm higd tmdilpdcdtr`jhd vdfdt`tikc ka W`\ akrdst. Ydt tmis vdry nkcndptikc

`hrd`by ph`nds h`w ic tmd bkl`ic ka ldt`pmkr `cbil`fic`tikc, wminm is tk s`y ic tmd ictdrc`hrd`hl ka tmdmul`c licb . . . . WJut it\ is ckw pkssijhd tk bdsnrijd tmdstrunturds ka il`fic`tikc. Rmdsd ldnm`cisls Wicnhubd\ldct`h kpdr`tikcs sunm `s j`sin-hdvdh n`tdfkriz`tikc,

nkcndptu`h ldt`pmkr, ldtkcyly, il`fd-snmdl`s, ibd`hizdbnkfcitivd lkbdhs, `cb r`bin`h n`tdfkrids . . . . Rkfdtmdr, tmdytr`csakrl kur ucbdrst`cbicf ka rd`skcicf `cbn`tdfkriz`tikc . . . . _kdtin `cb eubini`h nrd`tivity ka tmd skrtdxmijit jy tmd ps`hlist kr jy Eustind Mkhlds is ucvdihdb `s ka` pidnd witm tmd b`y-tk-b`y wkrg ka mul`c il`fic`tikc.)

I `hsk rdhy kc (6j) ktmdr hdf`h snmkh`rssyctmdsis/usd ka nkfcitivd-snidcnd rdsd`rnm


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Pudstikcs kr nklldcts;

_hd`sd addh ardd tk d-l`ihld `t ndn0?Ocyu.dbu

Date post:	02-Jun-2018
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Charles E. Colman, "Patents and Perverts" (presentation on work-in-progress, given at Nov. 2014...

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