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The Chautauquan DailyPoet-in-residence Georges to discuss American identity in Brown Bag, Page 9

The Official Newspaper of Chautauqua Institution | Tuesday, July 14, 2015Seventy-Five Cents

Volume CXXXIX, Issue 15www.chqdaily.comChautauqua, New York

BALANCING ACTCooper, CSO lead ballet in visualizing classics

BRIA GRANVILLE | Staff Photographer

Charlotte Ballet dancers Sarah Hayes Harkins and David Morse are featured in tonight’s performance with the Chautauqua Symphony Orchestra at 8:15 p.m. in the Amphitheater.

Morgan Kinney Hayley rossStaff Writers

Coordinating ballet with symphony is a puzzle that involves balancing visual and musical aspects of performance.

Guest conductor Grant Cooper said what’s usually a conceptual balancing act becomes very real when a group is in the Amphitheater.

“The concrete floor of the Amp in front of the stage is so that, if you are sitting on a chair designed for a flat-surface, then the chair is on an angle,” Cooper said. “There’s definitely adjustments that have to be made.”

The Chautauqua Symphony Orchestra and Charlotte Ballet team up at 8:15 p.m. tonight in the Amp. Four works will be presented, with only one originally composed for ballet. These works by Édouard Lalo, Jean Sibelius, Antonio Vivaldi and Beethoven have been specifically chosen for Chautauqua.

Cooper and the CSO are responsible for providing the music — and tempo — for the dancers as they glide across the stage. He said the conductor serves as the link between the stage and the pit, and it’s his job to make sure the choreography is represented in the instrumentation.

If a conductor is not careful, what’s intended to be a single concert can quickly devolve into two separate performances.

Cooper said he’s here to make sure that doesn’t happen.

“Ballet conducting is the hardest conducting there is,” he said. “I’m the translator, so to speak.”

What’s curious about tonight’s pro-gram is how he must play translator for something like Beethoven Symphony No. 9, usually an orchestra standard. But the added visual element is more than welcome — it’s about improving something that’s already great, he said.

“What the Charlotte Ballet chore-ographers are doing more and more is using music not to tell a story, but rather to create a vehicle for the bal-let dancers to demonstrate their art — it becomes a new thing, a new art form,” Cooper said.

georgie silvaroleStaff Writer

Sonia Nazario doesn’t work well chained to a desk. Clinging with bare hands to the top of a siz-zling freight train, though, is a differ-ent story.

“I’m pretty stub-born and deter-mined, so I never thought about giving up — even when a branch swiped me off the train,” said Naz-ario, journalist and Pulitzer Prize-winning author of En-rique’s Journey. “I almost fell off the top of the car, and it swiped off the kid behind me and likely killed him.”

Her mission: to take readers in-side the world of Central American immigrant children and their jour-neys to reach the United States.

Nazario’s will deliver today’s morning lecture at 10:45 a.m. in the Amphitheater. Her book follows teenage Enrique’s perilous journey through Central America to find his mother in the United States.

The young reader’s adapta-tion of Enrique’s Journey is also the Week Three selection for the Chau-tauqua Literary and Scientific Cir-cle Young Readers program.

alexandra greenwaldStaff Writer

Mindfulness might be most of-ten associated with religions that advocate meditation, but the Rev. Daisy L. Machado said it’s a trait Christians need to develop in rela-tion to immigration.

“If we are a people of faith and we’re called to a certain belief and certain kind of way of looking at the world, which the Bible says comes to us from the proph-ets, from the teach-ings of Jesus, then what is it that we can bring to the public square?” she said.

Machado will give a lecture titled “Immigration, Faith and the Public Square” at 2 p.m. today in the Hall of Philosophy.

Machado said this mindfulness of how faith communities impact the larger world is not just a mat-ter of understanding the way pub-lic and economic policy affects the lives of immigrants, but a matter of covenant, the sacred agreement be-tween God and human beings.

ryan PaitStaff Writer

The United States is a nation made up of immigrants and their descendants: a combination of dif-ferent people, places and cultures — the veritable “melting pot.”

For Alice McDermott, it’s those differences that bring people to-gether.

“We all are descended — even if it’s generations back — from peo-ple who took a tremendous risk, who looked at the lives that they were given, the situation that they were in, and said, ‘There’s got to be something better,’ or ‘I don’t know what’s out there, but I’m going to

go see it, I’m going to go find it,’ ” Mc-Dermott said.

M c D e r m o t t is the author of Someone, the Chautauqua Liter-ary and Scientific Circle selection for Week Three. She’ll discuss her work

today at 3:30 p.m. in the Hall of Philosophy for Week Three’s CLSC Roundtable.

While CLSC presentations usu-ally take place on Thursdays, mov-ing McDermott’s presentation to a Tuesday was a conscious decision for Sherra Babcock, vice president

and Emily and Richard Smucker Chair for Education. Babcock said she thought McDermott’s presen-tation would align well with Pat-rick Griffin’s Monday morning lecture on “sending and receiving societies.”

Babcock said McDermott was a natural choice for Week Three, the theme of which is “Immigra-tion: Origins and Destinations.” Much of McDermott’s work, in-cluding Someone, is set in the Irish immigrant community, a popula-tion Babcock said can sometimes get overlooked when people think about immigration.

NAZARIO

MACHADO

Author McDermott to present ‘Someone’ for CLSC

McDERMOTT

Machado to discuss mindful responses to immigration

Writer Nazario to spotlight plight of young immigrants

See DANCE, Page 5

See NAZARIO, Page 4

See MAChADO, Page 4 See McDERMOTT, Page 4

TODAy’s WEATHER WEDNEsDAy THuRsDAyHigH 75° LOw 56°Rain: 0%Sunrise: 5:56 a.m. Sunset: 8:52 p.m.

HigH 75° LOw 60°Rain:80%Sunset: 8:53 p.m.

HigH 69° LOw 51°Rain: 40%Sunrise: 5:55 a.m. Sunset: 8:53 p.m.

www.chqdaily.com

On a grand scale

Guest piano faculty Nakamatsu to give recital, master classes over two-week residency

Page 6

The legacy of Booker T. WashingtonMoore returns to gives second Heritage Lecture of season

Page 3

Dazzling audience, slaying apprehensionCritic Kaptainis reviews Chautauqua Opera’s Macbeth

Page 11

Meditation and hazelnutsA report on this week’s sessions within the Mystic Heart Community Meditation Program

Page 8

In TodAy’s dAIly @chqdailyLike and follow us online! /chqdaily @chqdaily

Page 2 The Chautauquan Daily · www.chqdaily.com Tuesday, July 14, 2015

N E W S

NEWS FROM AROUND THE GROUNDS

Briefly

Chautauqua Theater Company newsAt 12:15 p.m. Thursday, bring a bag lunch to Bratton

Theater and get a look into CTC’s NPW Signature Staged Reading, The Engine of Our Ruin.

At 8:15 p.m. Thursday, join CTC and the Chautauqua Symphony Orchestra in the Amphitheater for an inter-arts collaboration of “Ellis Island.”

Chautauqua Opera presents Family Entertainment Series showChautauqua Opera will perform the second installment

of its “Bravo! Bravo!: A Family-Friendly Opera Revue” at 6 p.m. today in Smith Wilkes Hall, as part of the Institution’s Family Entertainment Series.

Knitting4Peace WorkshopRuns from 4:30 to 5:30 p.m. on the Methodist House

front porch. For more information, call 303-918-4617.

Science CircleThe CLSC Alumni Association Science Circle will host

“From Newtonian Mechanics to String Theory: An Over-view” by Harry White at 9:15 a.m. Wednesday in the Hall of Christ.

CLSC Alumni Association Eventide seriesThe Eventide Travel Series is 6:45 p.m. Wednesday in

the Hall of Christ. Sam and Bev Hazen present “Antarctic Adventure.”

Chautauqua Women’s Club newsGirls’ Morning Out from 9:15 to 10:45 a.m. Wednesday.CWC offers Chautauquans the porch for informal con-

versation in Swedish, French and Spanish. Language ses-sion are available at 1:15 p.m. every Wednesday.

Join hosts Evie and Stacey Berger 6 p.m. Wednesday for an evening of dining presented by Scallion Bistro of Lakewood. Reservations are taken at CWC House, 716-357-4961. Event cost $50 per person.

Bird, Tree & Garden Club newsAt 7:30 a.m., join leaders from the Roger Tory Peterson

Institute and the Jamestown Audubon Society for a Bird Walk and Talk. Meet at the entrance to Smith Wilkes Hall.

There will be two garden walks at 9:15 a.m. and 4:15 p.m. today with master gardener Sharon Reed and horti-culturist Joe McMaster. Meet behind Smith Wilkes Hall.

At 12:15 p.m. today in Smith Wilkes Hall, there will be a Brown Bag on “Mushroom Hunting for the Kitchen and the Camera” with mycologist Walt Sturgeon.

There will be a Bat Chat with Caroline Bissell at 4:15 p.m. Wednesday at Smith Wilkes Hall.

Docent ToursPioneer Hall is open from 1:15 to 2:15 p.m. for docent

tours every Monday and Wednesday.

Chautauqua properties for salePick up a list of open houses at the Visitors Center.

D’Andrade Trunk Show postponed todaySandra D’Andrade’s 13th annual trunk show and sale,

benefiting the Chautauqua Opera Company’s Young Art-ists is postponed for today and will resume 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Wednesday in the Main Gate Welcome Center.

Chautauqua Police Department Bike AuctionThe Chautauqua Police Department will auction off bi-

cycles that have been unclaimed since summer 2014. Cash only. Auction 2 p.m. Wednesday at the department.

Finance seminarAlan Greenberg discusses “The Rise of the Disrupters”

from 1:30 to 3 p.m. Wednesday at Smith Memorial Library.

Joe Rait Memorial excursion postponedInformation about an upcoming rescheduled event will

be released in the coming days. Call 716-357-2239 or 412-508-7349 for more information.

GEORGIE SILVAROLEStaff Writer

A little black bag, a pen, a notepad, some toilet pa-per, some money — Sonia Nazario didn’t carry much on her freight-train travels as she worked to document the journey thousands of im-migrant children make each year, crossing through Cen-tral America and Mexico to reach the United States.

“I plainly thought that I could write notes, but I re-alized on my first train ride that I was going to have to hold on with both hands for dear life because the train rocked violently from side to side,” Nazario said. “So I ended up putting a micro cassette recorder in my chest pocket and having migrants talk into my chest all day long.”

At 2 p.m. today in Room 101 of the Hultquist Center, the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle Young Readers program will meet to discuss the young reader’s adaptation of Enrique’s Jour-ney with author and Pulit-zer Prize-winning journalist Nazario.

Nazario originally took on telling the stories of im-migrant Central American

children as a six-part series for the Los Angeles Times. Af-ter weeks of research with attorneys, the U.S. Immi-gration and Naturalization Service, school counselors of immigrant students and detention center employees and detainees, Nazario met Enrique, a teenage boy from Honduras, and spent two weeks interviewing him in May 2000 before setting out to recreate his odyssey.

From May to September in the same year, she and photographer Don Bartletti traveled from Honduras, through Guatemala and 13 of 31 Mexican states by the same path Enrique followed.

Matt Ewalt, associate

director of education and youth services, said young readers will have the chance to hear Nazario break down her own story of delving into the lives of migrants.

“[Sonia] will be taking us inside the process of tell-ing this story,” Ewalt said. “It’s having her reflect on her time with children who are not much older than the Chautauquans who are read-ing this book.”

One of the questions that might make its way to the surface, he said, was that of altering a work for younger readers.

“What is that editing process like?” Ewalt said. “I would think it would take the content and make sure that it is still challenging for young teenagers and yet be at an appropriate age level.”

Nazario’s effort to retrace the steps Enrique took to get to the United States might not be age-appropriate for everyone — throwing her-self into these stories nearly cost her life.

Low-hanging branches almost swept her off the train, gangsters grabbing at her made her afraid for her safety, scorching-hot train tops still forced her to cling to them. She even went 16

hours without a trip to the bathroom.

“What you discover is if you’re on a sizzling hot piece of metal and you don’t drink any water, you can actually go about 16 hours without going to the restroom,” Naz-ario said.

Her trip was worth the hardship, though, she said. Migrants shared their stories with her, explained to her their own journeys, while others who had met Enrique helped her piece together his trip.

“It took me to my break-ing point at times, the experi-ence, but they could see that I was willing to do a lot, and that carried a lot of weight with them,” Nazario said.

Most journalists, she said, would have made calls from the comfort of their desks to write a piece on immigra-tion. For her, it was quite the opposite.

“Hanging out for weeks on end, in the middle of the action, and watching that ac-tion unfold — I think that’s the most powerful way to tell stories,” Nazario said. “If I can put myself in the middle of the action, then I can put my reader there and that’s a much more interest-ing place to be.”

After morning lecture, Nazario to retrace ‘Enrique’s Journey’ with Young Readers

ABE KENMOREStaff Writer

Humor, Angela Dufresne said, is a “better way to in-tervene with the world.”

Dufresne uses both hu-mor and feminism in her paintings — figurative works with an offbeat element she describes as “wonk.” She’ll discuss her art at 7 p.m. to-night in the Hultquist Cen-ter.

This wonk manifests itself in vivid colors and a some-times odd mix of elements — unexpectedly naked fig-

ures in snowy woods, for example, or the inclusion of a severed head in a painting that would have, otherwise, still been odd.

In addition to her paint-ings, Dufresne has also been making videos since the late 1980s, using them as draw-ing tools. They often fea-ture her in her studio with her paintings, but the vid-eos then sometimes inspire paintings themselves, clos-ing the loop of media.

This mixing and compli-cating of categories is some-thing that Dufresne seems to enjoy. In a recent article published in ART21 Maga-zine, titled “Irony, Sincerity … Is There a Third Pill?” Du-fresne discusses the decon-struction of gender expecta-tions and other categories in art.

“The art-world media places everyone into catego-ries,” she wrote. “One is ei-ther provisional or rigorous, male or female, modern or post ... (snore… [sic]) Oops, I fell asleep just writing that.”

Instead of strict dichoto-mies — in gender, art and life — Dufresne argues for an expansive party.

“Mushrooms have 18,000 genders; how do you build, let alone practice, social norms at that party?” she wrote. “You don’t. And that’s the kind of party — in some post-avant-garde, dystopian-utopian dialectic — I thought we artists were supposed to be throwing.”

Part of Dufresne’s influ-ence comes from Chautau-qua, where she studied in 1990.

“It was the first time I went away as a kid and just painted,” Dufresne said.

“I’m still in dialogue with people I met there.”

Don Kimes, artistic direc-tor of Visual Arts at Chau-tauqua Institution, remem-bers Dufresne from her time here as a student. He has followed her career over the last 25 years.

“[Dufresne] is one of the earliest generations of Chau-tauqua students I worked with,” Kimes said. “I do think it’s good to bring peo-ple in to show students that someone in their position can achieve some sort of success. [But] even had [Du-fresne] not been a student at Chautauqua, I would have invited her.”

Dufresne to lecture for VACI on humor, feminism, ‘wonk,’ art

EVENT TITLE / SPEAKER DATE TIME LOCATION SPONSOR

PEO Reunion -- Tuesdays 12:15 p.m.

Carol Rufener’s home (1 Morris, above Vacation Properties). Bring a sandwich.

Sisters

The Bulletin Board is available to volunteer organizations who are at Chautauqua but are not one of the Institution’s official organizations and do not have access to the Institution’s usual promotional vehicles. Listing in the community Bulletin Board is limited to event (speaker), date, time, location, sponsor and cost, if there is one. The Bulletin Board will be published whenever there is a listing.

The cost for each listing is $5, or three listings for $10. Submissions to the Bulletin Board should go to the Daily Business Office in Logan Hall on Bestor Plaza.

BULLETINBOARD

Courtesy of angeladufresne.comIceparty (2014), oil on canvas, 24 by 30 inches

Tuesday, July 14, 2015 The Chautauquan Daily · www.chqdaily.com Page 3

N E W S

GEORGE COOPERStaff Writer

He died 100 years ago, in 1915.

“It might be a good year to revisit the life of Booker T. Washington,” said Gary Moore, North Carolina State University professor of agri-culture education.

Part of the Oliver Archives Heritage Lecture Series, Moore’s lecture on Washing-ton will begin at 3:30 p.m. to-day in the Hall of Christ.

“Some think he was a saint. Others think he was evil incarnate,” said Moore, president of the Association of Career and Technical Edu-cation.

In any case, Washington was an instrumental player in post-Civil War race rela-tions, an advocate of whites and blacks working together, and he was persistent in be-lieving life without educa-tion or a trade is not much of a life at all.

In his talk, Moore will briefly review Washington’s life and contributions and some of his trials and tribu-lations. The extreme highs came with extreme lows, sometimes in the very same instance.

Washington had been in-vited to dine at the White House, and in response, the Southern papers excoriated him, as did the governor of Mississippi — in tone and

verbiage not fit to print.At one time, a group of

white men from Louisiana hired an assassin to kill Washington, Moore said. The would-be assassin was injured before he could com-plete his task and was taken to Tuskegee Institute, which Washington led, for medical care. Once healed, the assas-sin changed his mind.

As well, Washington had many powerful friends and associates: Henry H. Rogers, a principal officer of Stan-dard Oil, Anna T. Jeanes, a prominent Philadelphia Quaker, and Julius Rosen-wald, president of Sears, Roebuck and Company, among others.

Moore said that Wash-ington’s critics claim he did not support the right to vote for black people. Washing-ton, indeed, maintained so-cial and political standards, and believed that the right

to vote should be limited to literate people of all races. Illiterates, whether black or white, should not be allowed to vote.

Moore said he tries to take a balanced view toward Washington and his accom-plishments, similar, in ways,

to Washington’s conduct of his own life.

“When in the North, he stayed in hotels. In the South, he stayed with friends,” Moore said. “Washington believed in adopting the cul-ture of where he was at the time.”

In recent weeks, Donald Trump has re-ignited a conver-sation that never fully abates about immigrants who come to the United States unlawfully.

I discovered doing research for my book Enrique’s Journey that immigrants from Central America and else-where often come to the U.S. out of sheer desperation. I chronicled the story of one boy, Enrique, whose mother had first come to the U.S. from Honduras not because she was a criminal, but because she wanted her children to be able to eat. My story of Enrique, who sets off to find his mother in the U.S. after not seeing her for 11 years, put a human face on immigrants. It has reminded readers that the U.S. must have as humane a policy as possible in recognition of what compels so many to journey to our borders.

At the same time, I have realized that immigration is a complex issue. Migration has produced winners and losers, here and in sending countries. Americans have benefited by receiving people who are motivated to work hard in their new homeland. But there are also costs born by our society — and for immigrants themselves.

It tears their families apart.I saw the harm caused by migration after asking my

housecleaner, Carmen, if she wanted to have more children. Carmen stood in my kitchen and started sobbing.

She told me she had left four children behind in Guate-mala. She was a single mother. Her husband had left her for another woman. Many nights, her children asked her for food. She didn’t have it. She showed me how she would gently coax them to roll over in bed at night. She would tell them: “Sleep face down, so your stomach doesn’t growl so much.”

She hadn’t seen her children in 12 years.I was stunned that a mother would leave her children,

but I learned millions of single mothers from Mexico and Central America had migrated and left children behind. Many children, after not seeing their mothers for 10 years, embarked on a modern-day odyssey through Mexico on top of freight trains to try and reach mothers in the U.S.

The move to the U.S. would help Carmen send money to Guatemala so her children could eat and go to school, but the consequences of the long separation were brutal. Her children ended up feeling abandoned and deeply resented her. Carmen told me if she could have fed and educated her kids she would never have left Guatemala.

We must recognize that most migrants from Latin Amer-ica feel forced to leave their homelands. And we should stop pretending that the three immigration policies employed in recent decades will solve the problem.

The U.S. has spent billions on walls that don’t really keep migrants out [a University of California, San Diego, study showed 97 percent of migrants who want to cross into the U.S. eventually get through]. Spending $18 billion a year on border enforcement has sealed in many migrants who would otherwise circulate back home. Second, guest worker programs attract people who are supposed to come tempo-rarily but never go home. Third, legalization is problematic because those who get green cards bring relatives illegally, causing the problem to grow.

Instead, the U.S. must focus on the exodus at its source. This is more imperative than ever because, today, migrants like Carmen don’t just leave for a better life. They leave be-cause they often fear for their lives as three Central Ameri-can countries — Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala — have become among the most violent places in the world. Indeed, the numbers of women and children leaving central America keeps growing. (Although many are being caught in Mexico, which is being paid by the U.S. to interdict them. They are being returned to their home countries despite evidence some are being killed upon their return.)

In recent years, U.S. taxpayers spent billions to disrupt the flow of cocaine from Latin America to the U.S., the largest consumer of illegal drugs in the world. Smugglers simply re-routed drug flights from the Caribbean to Honduras.

When I returned to Honduras last year I was astounded

at the violence children faced daily — kids are kidnapped, beheaded, skinned alive. Gangs and the narco cartels they often report to forcibly recruit children to serve as foot sol-diers to move drugs north.

Many women and children now fleeing Central America are fleeing for their lives.

They are refugees.Change, of course, starts with the U.S. addressing ram-

pant drug use, which caused the cartels to move into Central America in the first place. If not, aren’t we just moving the problem from Colombia to Mexico to Honduras?

We must also help countries like Honduras by increasing aid, especially to improve education for girls, which lowers birth rates. We can finance microloans to help women start businesses. We can gear trade policies to give preferences to the four countries — Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala — that send three quarters of the migrants com-ing to the U.S. unlawfully.

Congress is now debating a proposed $1 billion in aid to Central America for Fiscal Year 2016 — a tripling of current levels.

Change is possible even in violent, lawless, corrupt places like Honduras. I’ve seen it. Honduran nonprofits have worked with elements in the government to begin to make reforms in education, health care, even in investigating and prosecuting homicides. The result: It’s likely Honduras will no longer have the dubious distinction of having the highest homicide rate in the world next year.

Honduras must help. Big companies must stop routinely evading taxes. The country’s elite families must do more. Tax funds can bolster weak government institutions; police and the judicial system must be professionalized and cleansed of corruption.

U.S. aid must come with accountability and benchmarks showing results.

We need to stop mindlessly blaming immigrants and stop pursuing simplistic policies that call for building more walls and fences. We can have policies that are both humane and smart. Such an approach is hard and methodical, but unlike the invective spewed by Trump, it might actually bring posi-tive change.

Sonia Nazario is the author of Enrique’s Journey. In 2003, her six-part series of the same name in the Los Angeles Times won her a Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing. Visit enriquesjourney.com.

GUEST COLUMN BY SONIA NAZARIO

From Today’s Lecturer

Moore returns to Heritage Lecture Seriesto speak on legacy of Booker T. Washington

U.S. must adopt humane immigration policy

No. Booker T. Washington spoke at Chautauqua on Aug. 1, 1896. The Rev. J. W. E. Bowen from the Atlanta Gammon Theological Seminary also spoke here in 1896, but on June 30 and July 1. Both men returned to speak at Chautauqua in later years.

To learn more about Booker T. Washington, come to this afternoon’s Heritage Lecture in the Hall of Christ.

For more information on this question or to submit your own question to the archivist, visit the Oliver Archives at the corner of Massey and South, or send a message to archivist Jon Schmitz: [email protected]

Provided Photo

BOOKER T. WASHINGTON

Ask the Archivist

??

WAS BOOKER T. WASHINGTON THE FIRST AFRICAN-AMERICAN TO SPEAK AT CHAUTAUQUA?

DAILY PHOTO REPRINTSThe Chautauquan Daily is pleased to offer reprints of photos that appear in its pages through a new online service that will allow you to purchase even after you’ve left the grounds. Prints are available for order in three sizes — 5”x7”, 8”x10” and 11”x14” — and will be delivered to your preferred address, whether at Chautauqua or at home.

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» on the grounds

Nazario is an expert in what she calls “fly on the wall” journalism.

The time she spent rid-ing the tops of freight trains through Mexico was origi-nally for a six-part series she did for the Los Angeles Times under the same title in 2002.

Her goal was to tell the stories of immigrant chil-dren in the most in-depth, compelling way possible.

“I’ll be showing these very powerful photos of the journey these children have made on top of freight trains, and I’ll be talking about my own journey on top of freight trains — how it changed my view of im-migrants and some of the things I went through,” Nazario said.

In addition, Nazario will be teaching a master class on non-fiction reporting from 3:30 to 5 p.m. today in the Literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall Ballroom.

“I’m going to talk some about my life and the pow-er of determination, and thinking that I was such a determined person given the many obstacles I faced early in my life,” Nazario said.

“I had really no idea what determination was until I saw what women and chil-dren are willing to do to reach the United States.”

Matt Ewalt, associate di-rector of education and youth services, said Nazario has been incredible in working to share her experience as a journalist and advocate of

social justice with Chautau-quans while she is here.

“Sonia has been dedicat-ing herself to this for decades, and I hope we have an oppor-tunity to explore this work with her,” Ewalt said. “She has been amazing in work-ing with us to offer a master class to teenagers and adults on immersive journalism.”

Nazario’s work with mi-grants exposed her to im-mense danger and unbe-lievable circumstances. She attributes her success in com-piling Central Americans’ gripping accounts of love, loss, rape, robbery and fate to proving to them what she was willing to do to tell their stories.

“I was covered in soot. There was one day where I didn’t go to the bathroom for 16 hours,” Nazario said. “They could see that I was on top of this train, and I did not eat or drink water when I was on the train because I didn’t know if the kids I was with would have any.”

Nazario said she chose to throw herself — quite literal-ly — into the lives of migrant children.

“I saw kids who had lost a leg to that freight train get back up on the train three weeks later because they’re so determined to reach the opportunities I take for granted every day,” Nazario said. “So, I think this is a very critical time to be debating how do we deal with these immigrants and what aspects of this migration is good and what aspects are bad, and how can we change how we approach this issue to a much more productive way.”


f r o M T H E f r o N T

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Abe KenmoreStaff Writer

Many Chautauquans begin their morning with coffee and pastries in their kitchen, at the Farmers Mar-ket or outside the Brick Walk Cafe. Today, though, there is an additional option: the Smith Memorial Library.

It is Library Day, and from 8:30 to 10:30 a.m. to-day, the Smith is serving a

free continental breakfast outside its doors.

“I am excited to meet pa-trons of the library I have not yet met personally, and very excited to see if this draws in people who have never been to the library before,” said Library Director Scott Ekstrom. “We are always ready to give out new library cards and introduce folks to the library for the first time.”

In addition to free food,

the Smith will also be dis-tributing “My Favorite Book” stickers, on which people can write, well, their favorite book. The Friends of the Library will also be in attendance, and those who wish can stop by to get more information about becoming a friend themselves.

This literary celebra-tion will be accompanied by live music from a flutist and a mystery band titled

Kazoos by You.The Smith is a full mem-

ber of the Chautauqua-Cat-taraugus Library System, and today employees of oth-er branches can also attend Chautauqua free of charge to join in the festivities and enjoy the Chautauqua pro-gramming.

“It’s a great opportunity for folks to get to know the library and the friends of the library,” Ekstrom said.

Annual Library Day at Chautauqua full of free food, favorite booksfor Machado, people

are all connected in a cov-enant relationship because people were created in the image of God. She said this relationship expands past the U.S. and ties into immi-gration and citizenship.

“We have a lot of po-litical language from the contract with America,” Machado said. “Covenant is something deeper.

It has to do with how we understand ourselves, our relationship to our brother, to our sister.”

When considered from this perspective, Machado said the issue of immigra-tion becomes more human and less abstract.

“We don’t look at the other human side of it,” she said. “What does it mean to leave everything that has shaped you, that has given you life, to give that up to come to a community that, in many times, is very hos-tile?”

Machado is an ordained minister in the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and the first U.S. Latina to reach that status in the Northeast region. She is currently a professor of church history at Union Theological Seminary. She has previously served the Chautauqua community as a chaplain-in-residence in 2013 and 2014.

Machado said the way

she reads the issue of im-migration through the lens of Christianity comes from personal experience, a nar-rative that starts with her immigration to the U.S. from Cuba.

“I think there’s a lot of misunderstanding, even though this is a nation of immigrants, made up of all immigrants except for the native peoples,” Machado said. “We kind of forget what that meant and what that journey to this place means, all that you have to give up, all that is lost and all the things that are re-gained in different ways.”

Part of Machado’s work includes taking groups of students and other interest-ed parties to the border be-tween Mexico and the Unit-ed States to work with new immigrants. She said these immersion experiences, along with programs that create a sense of commu-nity and provide worship and service engagement for immigrants.

“I think that as a church community, which is a worldwide community that is called to be the commu-nity of the globe, we some-times lose that perspec-tive,” Machado said.

“I think we’re sometimes too inward looking. And I think that the Christian community needs to be looking at a bigger under-standing of themselves in the context of the world that they are engaging in in a daily way.”

“Because Someone is so much a single person’s story and the whole novel is seen so much through just the main character’s eyes — truth becomes not a universal thing, but a thing that belongs to the charac-ter alone,” McDermott said.

“The novel brings truth to a small ‘t’ rather than a capital ‘T.’ ”

The personal scale that McDermott utilizes in Someone is one she feels can be enriching — something she thinks all fiction can do.

“I think the wonder-ful thing about fiction as opposed to journalism or nonfiction or books of so-cial science or politics is that we can go to fiction and just have the experi-ence of living another life,” McDermott said. “I don’t think we always have to take a lesson from it. But we can say in the confines of our own limited lives we have read a novel that has allowed us to live someone else’s life. And I think that expands — even if it’s sub-tly, or inadvertently — it expands the way we look at the world when we come out of the novel.”

And despite Someone’s singular focus, McDermott thinks it can tap into the universal dialogue about immigration. She said that fiction can allow one to “speak broadly” about the immigrant experience.

“It’s something we all

share,” McDermott said. “Whether you leave in desperation, whether you leave seeking wealth, we all — somewhere in our backgrounds — are of the nature of people who are willing to take a chance, take a risk, to go out into the unknown. I think that’s sort of incredible and it’s in-credibly uniting when you think about it in that way.”

McDermott has visited Chautauqua twice before — once as the author of CLSC selection Charming Billy and once as a part of the “Roger Rosenblatt and friends” lecture platform. She said coming back to talk about a different book is like coming to Chautau-qua for the first time, in part because of its audience.

“The thing that I have learned about Chautauqua is that you will always pro-vide a very intelligent audi-ence: well-read and careful and respectful with eager and avid minds,” McDer-mott said. “I’m more curi-ous about what the audi-ence has to say. I’m looking forward to hearing that and hearing Chautauquans’ take on the novel.”

The topic of immigration can be a sensitive and often divisive one, but McDer-mott said there is a sense of unity to be found in it as well.

“The whole thing about being ‘one nation, out of many’ is that we can choose to be divided by the sense of ‘many,’ or we can choose to look for where the ‘one’ comes from,” she said.

Nazariofrom page 1

Machadofrom page 1

McderMottfrom page 1

reporter’s NotebookThe Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle Historic Book List features hundreds of selections, some of which feature themes similar to 2015 CLSC selections.

If you liked Someone you might also like…

• Charming Billy by Alice McDermott (1998-1999)

• The American Revelation: Ten Ideals That Shaped Our Country from the Puritans to the Cold War by Neil Baldwin (2005-2006)

• The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family by Annette Gordon-Reed (2009-2010)

• The Sojourn by Andrew Krivak (2012 Chautauqua Prize Winner)

Finally, an extra recommendation from the reporter:

• Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie


f r o m T h e f r o n T

DANCEfrom page 1Charlotte Ballet

with the Chautauqua Symphony Orchestra

Tuesday, July 14, 2015 8:15 p.m. · amphitheater

Charlotte Ballet in ResidenceJean-Pierre Bonnefoux, artistic Director

Patricia McBride, associate artistic Director

Sasha Janes, associate artistic Director

Mark Diamond, Charlotte Ballett II program Director

Glenda Lucena, repetiteur

Grant Cooper, guest Conductor

Brian Reagin, Violin

AdagioChoreography: mark Diamond

Music: Ludwig van Beethoven: Symphony No. 9, Third movement

Costume Design: mark Diamond, realized by a Christina giannini

Chelsea Dumas, Joshua Hall

raven Barkley, Sarah Hayes Harkins, elizabeth Truell, Caroline atwell*, Jordan Leeper, gregory Taylor,

rafael Valdez* Lily overmeyer*, Juliet prine*, Noah Herron*, Benjamin Youngstone*

Bianca allanic*, Leah Chen**, amelia Dencker**, ashley griffin**, Cara Hansvick*, ava moses**,

Sarah pierce*, Candace ricketts*, Laura Shultz**, Camila Vicioso**

Four Seasons (Excerpts) Choreography by Sasha Janes

music by antionio Vivaldi

Costume Design by a. Christina giannini

Brian reagin, Violin

raven Barkley, Chelsea Dumas, Sarah Hayes Harkins, Candace ricketts*, elizaeth Truell, Joshua Hall,

Jordan Leeper, David morse, gregory Taylor, ryo Suzuki

- I N T e r m I S S I o N -

Valse TristeChoreography: peter martins

Music: Jean Sibelius

Chelsea Dumas & Josh Hall

Sketches From GraceChoreography: Jean-pierre Bonnefoux

Music: edouard Lalo

Costume Design by aimee J. Coleman

Sarah Hayes Harkins, ryo Suzuki, Chelsea Dumas, raven Barkley, Sarah pierce*, Candace ricketts*,

elizabeth Truell, Joshua Hall, Ben Ingel, Jordan Leeper, David morse

* Apprentice and **Festival dancers of Chautauqua School of Dance

This evening’s performance is funded in part by the Carnahan-Jackson Dance Endowment

Production & Artistic StaffJanice Wells, Managing Director

Austin Collins, Production Stage ManagerJennifer Propst, Lighting Designer

Jennifer Barczak, Administrative AssistantA. Christina Giannini, Costume Designer

Arlene Lyon, Wardrobe MistressMary Jane Day, Paige Jones, Janice Lovercheck,

Katherine Zywczk, Wardrobe AssistantsPianists: Kazuko Adachi, Sebastian Birch, David Morse

Percussionist: Joe Venegoni

Adagio

mark Diamond, associate artistic director of Chautau-qua Dance, is very famil-iar with Beethoven’s ninth Symphony, the music from which his piece “Adagio” is danced to. he choreo-graphed to both the first movement, the “maestoso,” and the second movement, the “Scherzo.” The piece in tonight’s performance is the “Adagio” movement.

he said he someday hopes to combine all three into an evening-length work finished out by Beethoven’s last movement, the famous “ode to Joy.” Although each of these movements have been choreographed as different ballets, they all have a running costume thread. each has the same dress, with different length of skirt and in a different color. “Adagio” is a peace-ful powder blue, a color that Diamond thinks reflects the peacefulness of the move-ment and the music.

The ballet begins the same way that it ends: wom-en creating a circle, a rep-resentation of the cycle of life. The lead female dancer, Chelsea Dumas, emerges from the circle and starts into a pas de deux.

The piece shows the phas-es of the woman’s life; her relationship — represented by a series of short pas de deuxs — her wedding, eat-ing around a dinner table, her funeral, and, finally, her departure into the universe, where she joins a circle of women.

Diamond said the piece is neo-classical, but leans more toward classical than contemporary.

“The music is very peace-ful, but it has a lot of under-lying passion and emotion — especially emotion,” he said. “It makes the move-ment more lush.”

Valse Triste

The piece Patricia mc-Bride, former George Bal-anchine dancer and master

teacher, staged for tonight’s performance, “Valse Triste,” holds a special place in her heart. “Valse Triste,” with music by Sibelius, was cho-reographed in 1985 for the new York City Ballet. mc-Bride was the original lead dancer.

mcBride said that, when she retired from dancing professionally, ballet master Peter martins gave her the ballet as a gift.

“It was a wonderful gift that he gave me to be able to do this,” she said.

The ballet is about a woman who has lost her husband. She grieves and remembers their life together.

“Its a feeling about look-ing back and remembering the beautiful memories they had together,” she said.

mcBride said the piece is classical, but when it was choreographed it was also a departure from classical.

“It was very different. It was very lyrical — it had a sense of drama in it,” she said.

The piece features a lot off balance movements and partnering, which mcBride said takes a lot of control from the dancers. It is also a slower piece than the danc-ers are used to doing, which is why she is looking forward to doing it with live music.

“It’s a rather slow piece, but slow doesn’t mean that it’s easy,” she said. “It takes an artist to do a ballet like the ‘Valse Triste’ to make it come alive. There are so many de-tails that you wouldn’t even think of that are there.”

mcBride said she loves working with the dancers and passing on the ballets she has learned. But she also wants the dancers to make the movements their own as well.

“I don’t want them to be copies of myself,” she said. “I want them to find their own way into it.”

Four Seasons (Excerpts)

ever since he began cho-reographing, Vivaldi’s “four Seasons” has been in the back of Sasha Janes’ mind.

“Its one of those pieces I used to put on to fall asleep

to, so I’ve always been famil-iar with it,” said Janes, as-sociate director of the Char-lotte Ballet.

Tonight’s performance will feature excerpts from “four Seasons,” the dancers only performing two of the four seasons, autumn and summer.

The abstract piece is a mix between classical and con-temporary ballet inspired by the seasons themselves. Janes wouldn’t give away too much, but he said the cos-tumes will play a large role in the performance — espe-cially in the autumn section.

The summer section has more of a contemporary feel, with more striking contrast in movement, Janes said.

The company will per-form the ballet in its entirety in Charlotte, north Carolina, in the fall. for now, Janes has been using his time in Chau-tauqua as an opportunity to experiment while he has the symphony to work with.

“It’s still evolving,” he said.

Danse Brilliante

Jean-Pierre Bonnefoux’s piece, “Danse Brilliante,” set to music by Édouard Lalo, combines the best of what Bonnefoux learned from his time dancing both with George Balanchine at the new York City Ballet and at the Paris opera Ballet.

Bonnefoux, artistic direc-tor of Chautauqua Dance, said the abstract ballet is all about the music.

“The orchestration is so interesting, it has so many colors,” Bonnefoux said. “I think it’s really strong and beautiful music for ballet.”

The piece is the most clas-

sical of the evening. It is split into sections that feature so-los, duets, ensemble work, sections for only the men and sections for only the women.

“It’s the type of ballet that is classical but is a little more contemporary because there isn’t all the preparations be-fore the steps, there is a nice flow between them,” Bon-nefoux said.

Bonnefoux said working with the CSo is one of his favorite parts about being in Chautauqua.

“I see the best in our danc-ers when they come to Chau-tauqua and work with the symphony,” he said. “It’s a wonderful collaboration.”

But that collaboration occurs in as few as one re-hearsal.

Cooper, the conduc-tor, said he’s not worried, though. for one, he has been to Chautauqua numerous times under similar con-straints. But he also said his previous life as a mathemati-cian informs his success un-der pressure.

“Ideally, as a mathemati-cian, your solutions have as few steps as possible and are as elegant as possible,” he said. “There’s never enough rehearsal time — it doesn’t matter if there’s one or a hundred. You can always use more. But has the time you have been used wisely, ele-gantly? In that regard, what I learned from studying math-ematics is very relevant.”

Join the Chautauqua Dance Circle for a pre-performance lecture at 7 p.m. tonight at the Hall of Philosophy. Choreogra-phers will discuss their pieces with the audience to foster in-sight and better understanding of tonight’s performance.


T h e a r T s

GeorGie SilvaroleStaff Writer

Jon Nakamatsu was a high school German teach-er in 1997.

That year, he was also the winner of the 10th Van Cliburn International Piano Competition.

“German was just a natural offshoot of what I did at the piano because so much of the core piano repertoire is German, so I thought that was kind of that connection,” Naka-matsu said. “You’re never totally sure where it all is going to end up. For me, I just got very fortunate in 1997 when the Van Cliburn competition came, and I somehow — I don’t know how — managed to win it.”

Nakamatsu will return to Chautauqua and give a piano recital at 4 p.m. to-day in elizabeth s. Lenna Hall. The event benefits the Chautauqua Women’s Club scholarship Fund, and features four pieces: Mo-zart’s Sonata in B flat Major, K. 333 “Linz”; schubert’s Four Impromptus, Op. 90; schumann’s Papillons Op. 2; and Chopin’s andante spi-anato et grande polonaise brillante, Op. 22.

Nakamatsu will be in Chautauqua for the next two weeks. he is sched-

uled to give three m a s t e r classes on W e d n e s -day, sun-day and W e d n e s -day, July 22.

John Milbauer, interim co-director of the Piano Pro-gram, said Nakamatsu has been a huge hit at Chautau-qua Institution in the past.

“he’s been here a couple of times already [and] he’s a wonderful addition to the program,” Milbauer said. “Not only because he’s an extraordinary musician, but because he’s a great exam-ple to the students that you don’t have to be a robot to play the piano. he’s a won-derful person.”

Nakamatsu is widely known for winning the Van Cliburn International Piano Competition. But as much as that has become his de-fining moment, he’s learned to take other opportunities as they come.

“You can only change your sphere of influence and what you do and how you react. and I think it helped that I had a meaningful life outside of music,” Naka-matsu said. “I mean, I really did love teaching German, and I actually missed be-

ing in the classroom today. a lot of people who go from competition to competition have kind of this warped perspective on what it is to just be alive and be happy.”

Nakamatsu and his wife, who is a “very, very busy” high school aP chemistry teacher, find joy in their var-ied life together.

“I think we can all pur-sue goals, but we have to be open to the possibility that pursuing these goals leads to a path that might even be more interesting or challenging than the one we had originally foresaw,” he said.

alexandra GreenwaldStaff Writer

When Chautauqua Insti-tution organist Jared Jacob-sen was planning this week’s Tallman Tracker Organ and Massey Memorial Or-gan concerts, he filled them with musical oddities — and make-ups.

The Tallman Tracker Or-gan concert, titled “The Tall-man from a to h” will be held at 12:15 p.m. today in the hall of Christ. a Massey mini-con-cert, “The Virtuoso Organist: Chautauqua” will take place at 12:15 p.m. Wednesday in the amphitheater.

Jacobsen said the theme for the Tallman concert comes from an unusual key signature notation in Ger-man music.

“h is a peculiarity of the music world,” Jacobsen said. “In the world of key signa-tures, you have a, B, C, D, e, F, G. But in German, B is al-ways B flat and H is B natural … so I decided I wanted to play pieces that were in each of these keys, a, B, C, D, e, F, G and then h.”

Bach was particularly fond of using this additional key signature to create “musical anagrams” of his name, Ja-cobsen said. In honor of that, Jacobsen plans to play a Bach piece to represent the key of h.

In addition to performing in each key signature, Jacob-

sen plans to demonstrate the peculiar tuning of the Tall-man organ.

“We take for granted most of the time that the keyboard instruments that we play are all tuned in a well-tempered scale, which means that the intervals are tweaked a little bit so it sounds natural to us,” Jacobsen said. “But in the early days, and even up until the time that the Tall-man organ was built, that wasn’t always the case.”

Jacobsen said that, al-though the Tallman organ is tuned to a well-tempered scale, its tuning is relative to the a-435 pitch standard, nearly a half-step lower than the a-440 pitch standard that is used on modern instru-ments. This unusual tuning means that modern instru-ments cannot play in har-mony with the Tallman, as they cannot be safely tuned to such a low pitch standard.

“It’s my way of getting into people’s heads that we take all of this for granted, that we sit down and we play a major scale and it makes sense to us,” Jacobsen said. “Keys are a little kinkier than we think.”

This week’s Massey Mini-Concert will do double duty, Jacobsen said.

Due to the failure of the Massey Organ’s power sup-ply during the first mini-

concert on July 1, titled “The Virtuoso Organist,” Jacobsen plans to add pieces from that concert to Wednesday’s set list.

“I’d been hassling in my head with these two titles [because of their similarity],” Jacobsen said. “so I realized that I can play almost every-thing I was planning to play in the first concert on the sec-ond concert, and I can still talk about my original idea.”

This combined concert will demonstrate Jacobsen’s understanding of “virtuos-ity,” with slow, quiet pieces like Cyril Jenkins’ “Night” and “Dawn” compliment-ing louder, showier compo-sitions like Dick Leibert’s “Mariette’s song.”

Jacobsen said his rendi-tion of “Night” was influ-enced by a recent late-night walk with his dog on the In-stitution grounds.

“I sweat bullets over that piece to get just the right sound to make it reflect night at Chautauqua,” Jacobsen said. “It was just still, and it was the first really balmy night that we’ve had in a long time here, and there were a few clouds, but a half moon was breaking through. It was just a magical time. … That’s the virtuosity on that piece. I could just use soft stuff on the organ and it would be just fine, but I want-ed it to be perfect.”

Kara TaylorStaff Writer

David sampliner re-vealed the personal journey of defining his manhood last Thursday at Chautau-qua Cinema during a Meet the Filmmaker series event.

sampliner is the director and subject of the documen-tary “My Own Man,” which is now streaming on Netflix. The film accompanied last week’s lecture theme, “Boys Will Be Boys, Then Men.”

sampliner discussed how the documentary has crossed barriers and has been something people of all backgrounds can relate to.

“I got this amazing let-ter from an evangelical, 65-year-old wife of a pas-tor in Indianapolis, and she said that my experience res-onated with her,” he said.

sampliner said when art

works, those boundaries do not entirely disappear; in-stead, art can temporarily allow someone to step into someone else’s shoes. sam-pliner hopes that is where the film succeeds.

Following a screening of “My Own Man,” sampliner discussed various aspects of the film, his process to self-discovery as a man, and an-swered questions.

an audience member asked sampliner to explain why he set his father up as a tyrant, but wanted to be like his father once his own child was born.

“I wasn’t trying to be-come my father necessarily, but I began to think that all of the negative ideas I had about masculinity — which was to be tough, mean and cruel — were not helping me actually get to know me,” sampliner said.

If he was going to learn

the masculine side of him-self, sampliner said, getting to know his father was es-sential since he represented that.

“I felt like the part of my-self I didn’t know — maybe some part of that was man-liness — but I had sort of thrown out altogether,” he said.

according to the direc-tor’s statement on the “My

Own Man” website, sam-pliner was unsure of how to bring his sons into man-hood, since he did not feel he had yet arrived. he tried numerous ways to channel his masculine side, but ev-erything he embarked on led back to his complicated relationship with his father.

“When I was meeting with my life coach, she told me, ‘It’s not that you are learning to love your father, but remembering the love you already have,’ ” he said.

Unfortunately, sampliner said, many people acknowl-edge the love they have for their father only when he dies. sampliner was able to acknowledge that love while his father is still alive.

“hopefully, something my sons take from this is to not do what their father did, and start the process of lov-ing a lot earlier,” sampliner said.

Filmmaker documents journey of defining manhood

Nakamatsu

Nakamatsu returns to give recital, master classeson a grand scale Tallman, Massey concerts

to feature ‘musical oddities’

He’s a wonderful ad-dition to the program. Not only because he’s an extraordinary mu-sician, but because he’s a great example to the students that you don’t have to be a robot to play the piano.

—JohN milbauerPiano Program

Interim Co-Director

» on the grounds

BaBysitting services

A list of available babysitters is available to families who are looking for child care while on the grounds. The list is updated each week during the season, and is available in the Colonnade lobby, at Smith Memorial Library, at the Main Gate Welcome Center and at Turner Community Center, or by calling the Department of Youth Services at 716-357-6290. All arrangements are made between the family and the sitter, and the office does not rate or recommend individuals.

bria graNville | Staff Photographer

Filmmaker David Sampliner answers audience questions after a special screening of his documentary “My Own Man” Thursday at the Chautauqua Cinema.

I felt like the part of myself I didn’t know — maybe some part of that was manliness — but I had sort of thrown out altogether.”

—DaviD samPliNerDirector, “My Own Man”


L E C T U R E

SAM FLYNNStaff Writer

Once a racist cartoon, the “Fighting Irish” now stands as a well-known symbol of both Irish pride and Ameri-can pride. As historian Pat-rick Griffin showed Chau-tauqua Monday morning, a lot can change in a hundred or so years.

Griffin, the chair of the Department of History at University of Notre Dame, was the first morning lecture speaker to tackle the Week Three theme “Immigration: Origins and Destination” in the Amphitheater this week. His speech was titled “Why People Migrate: The Irish-American Case.” He dis-cussed how the story of Irish immigration to the United States changed and assimi-lated dramatically over time, as well as how the Irish mi-gration was emblematic of global migratory patterns.

“A leprechaun was a trick-ster. Now, it’s as American as — dare I say it — the Dallas Cowboys,” Griffin said. “But behind it is a darker story of struggle, pain and misun-derstanding.”

For example, the “Fight-ing Irish” leprechaun mascot of the University of Notre Dame is no leprechaun at all. It is based on cartoonist Thomas Nast’s xenophobic rendition of an Irish immi-grant in the 19th century.

“To many back then, the Irish weren’t just un-Amer-ican,” Griffin said. “They were anti-American.”

The legend of the “fight-ing Irish” goes back to the Civil War. Thomas Francis Meagher was an Irish na-tionalist and revolutionary who recruited and led the Irish Brigade. The Brigade fought for the Union as part of the “Fighting 69th” and was used for their brute force and reckless abandon in battle. By the end of the war, twice the number of the Brigade had fallen in battle, an inversion of the ratio for the rest of the Army, where disease was normally the cause of death.

Back then, the common view of the Irish was vio-lent, drunken criminals — a reputation not entirely un-earned, Griffin said. They brought that roughshod be-havior to sports and quickly became dominant in the latter-half of the 19th cen-tury. For example, John L. Sullivan, a boxer, was the first millionaire athlete. He won the World Heavyweight Championships as the last bareknuckle boxer and the first gloved one.

According to Griffin, the Irish were also responsible for bringing “daring and cunning” to American base-ball, using plays like the hit-and-run, bunts and relay throws. The famous baseball poem “Casey at the Bat” is based on Irish baseball play-er Mike “King” Kelly, whom Griffin described as “Babe Ruth before Babe Ruth.”

In fact, the legend of base-ball’s founder Abner Double-day was a fiction made to take away from the “corrupt-ing” Irish influence on base-ball.

As Griffin’s alma mater shows, they also changed American football. Schools such as Princeton and Yale, described as “WASPish” by Griffin, were not happy play-ing the rough-and-tumble Irish and locked them out of the Western Association

(what Americans know to-day as the Big 10).

It forced footballers to trav-el the country to find teams to play against. They also re-ceived free coverage on the radio. This combination took them to a national level. In 1927, the Fighting Irish be-came the official name of the University of Notre Dame’s football team and, in 1976, the well-known mascot was offi-cially adopted.

From his extensive exper-tise, Griffin noted three parts of the historical immigration story. It happens within sys-tems, immigrants leave inte-gration for dynamism, and it is essential for cultural vital-ity.

Both bigotry and nostal-gia obfuscate the greater sto-ry of American immigration, Griffin said. Ireland and its people had historically been a part of the United States since before its founding. They populated the Ameri-cas from Virginia to the Caribbean islands. An esti-mated 250,000 Irish were a part of this initial wave that began in the early 1700s and continued until the Ameri-can Revolution.

“One-third of the Conti-nental Army was Irish,” he said. “Why? Because they were the down-and-outs, al-ways looking for a fight.”

Irish immigration contin-ued in the millions in the 19th century, spiking heav-ily during the Great Famine of the 1840s and ‘50s, where Griffin said the choice was quite literally “leave or die.” It slowed down along with national rates in the early 20th century.

Griffin said this was the period when assimilation began occurring, when it became a point of Ameri-can pride to be the “fighting Irish.”

He argued that, in many ways, Irish migration to the U.S. was the story of migra-tion in general. It begins with fear and apprehension from the host country, followed by claims that immigrants are racially or ethnically subhu-man and notions that coun-tries send their criminal ele-ment. As America has seen

in the last month, these ideas do not fade into oblivion but bubble in the background.

Then, time passes. Assim-ilation occurs. It is neither in-tentional nor deliberate. Cul-tural identity and heritage give way to nostalgia, which gives way to affluence. This is the inevitable process, Griffin said, that the descen-dants of all immigrants take on the journey to become in-disputably “American.”

Around the time of the World War II, Griffin said evidence of Irish’s cultural assimilation became appar-ent. The affluence of the Irish rose in the 20th century, culminating in John F. Ken-nedy’s election in 1960 as the first Catholic U.S. president.

“To be a fighting Irish-man [now meant] to be what America needed,” Griffin said.

Films were made lion-izing the Irish like “Knute Rockne, All American” and “Wake Island.” “Rockne” also starred a young Ronald Reagan as George “The Gip-per” Gipp, the same nick-name that would follow him for the rest of his life. He gave the 1981 commence-ment speech at the Univer-sity of Notre Dame, not long after his election to the presi-dency. His speech portended the fracturing of traditional Irish Democratic support and opened up a new gen-eration of Irish Republicans.

What was previously a de-rogatory put-down on Irish pugilism was now being used to fight for peace and

love, Griffin explained. “The ‘Fighting Irish’ was

no leprechaun but a 19th-century Irishman dumbed down in a cartoonish way — and he became mascot of Notre Dame in 1976,” he said. “History is full of surprises like that. In many ways, the history of America is the his-tory of migration.”

Q: You said quickly some-thing about political

fracturing because of afflu-ence, and someone would like to hear more about that thought.

A: Yeah, to be Irish in the late 19th-, early 20th-

century meant, without ques-tion, one was a Democrat, unquestioningly so. Through the vicissitudes of the Civil War, through Reconstruction and, of course, going into the Great Depression, there was no doubt what the Irish were — they were Democrats. They were Democrat both because of local politics — think here of Tammany Hall, think here of the Daley political machine of Chicago, think of Mayor Curley in Boston. Every city was more or less dominated by an Irish political machine that was Democratic, but in national politics, invariably, they voted

the straight ticket, as it was. It was very easy for an Irish man to vote in those days, and then for an Irish woman to vote. Just vote the straight ticket. That’s all you had to do. And this was kind of part of their identity, for the most part. And most of them would have embraced New Deal economics, would have embraced that important role that government had to play. By the time Ronald Rea-gan is elected, that does begin to change. Some of it has to do with changes in the democratic party itself. That even though none of them are becoming affluent, they’re still holding on to Catholic values and Catholic morals. And as the democratic party is changing into the late ’60s and into the early 1970s,

some people are becoming a little uncertain about the future of the democratic party for certain ethnic groups, particu-larly for the Irish. And it’s when Ronald Reagan becomes pres-ident, many are going to use this opportunity to jump ship. Now as before, you would have said the Irish — to a person, to a man, to a woman — Demo-crat. Now it’s not necessarily the case, more or less it sort of follows the typical American spread — half are going to be Republican, half are going to be Democrat. (edited)

—Transcribed by Georgie Silvarole

The remainder of this Q&A is posted with this story at chqdaily.com.

Griffin speaks on history of Irish immigration in America

SAALIK KHAN | Staff Photographer

Patrick Griffin, Madden-Hennebry Professor and chair of the Department of History at the University of Notre Dame, discusses the history of Irish-American immigration during his lecture “Why People Migrate: The Irish-American Case” Monday in the Amphitheater.

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One-third of the Continental Army was Irish. Why? Because they were the down-and-outs, always looking for a fight.

—PATRICK GRIFFINChair, Department of History

University of Notre Dame


r e l i g i o n

Abrahamic Program for Young Adults

APYA hosts a Porch Chat, “Milk and Cookies with robert Franklin,” at 8 p.m. today on the porch of liter-ary Arts Center at Alumni Hall. All young adults are welcome to attend.

APYA hosts a Burning Questions Brown Bag at 12:30 p.m. Wednesday in Smith Wilkes Hall. All are welcome to come and ask questions about religious belonging.

APYA hosts eid nights at 7 p.m. Wednesday off the grounds. Meet at the Main gate Welcome Center. All young adults are welcome to join. remember your gate pass.

Baptist House

Students participating in the Chautauqua Scholar-ship Program of The inter-national order of the King’s Daughters and Sons pres-ent a program for the social hour at 3:15 p.m. today in Baptist House. Participants, who hail from the United States, lebanon and Hun-gary, read for weekday wor-ship and sing in the Chau-tauqua Choir. Vicki Carter, director of the scholarship program, has extensive ex-perience in theater as direc-tor and musical arranger, both on and off Broadway. Members of Fredonia Bap-tist Church and First Baptist in Jamestown provide re-freshments.

Blessing and Healing Daily Service

The Blessing and Heal-ing service, sponsored by the Department of religion, takes place at 10:15 a.m. weekdays in the randell Chapel of the United Church of Christ headquarters. This service is one opportunity that provides a time for quiet prayer in the midst of a busy Chautauqua schedule.

Chabad Lubavitch

rabbi Zalman Vilenkin speaks at the first event of the Jewish lecture Series from 9:15 to 10:15 a.m. today in the Hall of Philosophy. His topic is “iSiS and the ethical Dilemmas.”

rabbi Vilenkin teaches a class in “The Art of Prayer” from 9:15 to 10:15 a.m. Wednesday in the literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall. This class explores the ori-gins of the Jewish system of prayer, their substance and the evolution of the syna-gogue.

Chapel of the Good Shepherd

Holy eucharist is cele-brated weekdays at 7:45 a.m. in the chapel.

Chautauqua Catholic Community

Daily Mass is at 8:45 a.m. and 12:10 p.m. weekdays in the episcopal Chapel of the good Shepherd.

The social hour is at 3:15 p.m. today in the Catholic House. Hostesses are chair Cherie Anderson assisted by Judy Prechtl, geri Swan-son, Mary Griffin, Louise Conroy, Marti Miller, Sue Masters and Mary lou Van Dorn from Sacred Heart Parish of lakewood.

Chautauqua Dialogue

Chautauqua Dialogues provides an opportunity for Chautauquans to par-ticipate in small group discussions based on the 2 p.m. interfaith lectures sponsored by the Depart-ment of religion in the Hall of Philosophy. The groups meet from 3:30 to 5 p.m. Friday at various ven-ues. Sign-ups to participate in one of these facilitated group discussions are im-mediately before or after the 2 p.m. lecture in the Hall of Philosophy Tuesday through Thursday. group size is limited. This activity

is sponsored by the Depart-ment of religion.

Christian Science House

The social hour is at 3 p.m. today on the porch.

The Wednesday evening Testimony Meeting is at 7 p.m. in the chapel. reading of selections from the Bible and Christian Science text-book is followed by mem-bers of the congregation sharing examples of ways the study of Christian Sci-ence has helped them in their everyday lives.

All are welcome to use our study room 24/7 to study this week’s Bible les-son, life, and to read our current and archived copies of Christian Science period-icals and use our computer based church resources.

Disciples of Christ

longtime Chautauquan Jean Chandler presents “romania: From Dracula’s Castle to the Second larg-est Building in the World” at the 3:15 p.m. social hour today at the Disciples of Christ House. Friends from the Cleveland Heights Christian Church of Cheek-towaga, new York, led by Diane Serio, host the social hour.

ECOC

enjoy cookies and lemon-ade at 3:15 p.m. today under the trees in front of eCoC Buildings at 25 roberts. We will enjoy showing you around our historic build-ings.

Episcopal Cottage

Meet the rev. Joyce Beau-lieu and her spouse Molly lovelock today at the 3:15 p.m. social hour hosted by Trinity episcopal Church of Warren, Pennsylvania.

Beaulieu leads a Bible Study 8:30 a.m. Wednesday on the porch of the cottage.

Everett Jewish Life Center

rabbi Uri regev discuss-es “Who is a Jew: israel’s Unfinished Saga of Reli-gion, law and Politics” at a Brown Bag from 12:15 to 1:15 p.m. today at the eJlCC.

A repeat showing of Sun-day’s film is at 3:30 p.m. Wednesday at the eJlCC.

A Movie and nosh event is at 3:30 p.m. Sunday in the eJlCC. “The Sturgeon Queens,” the story of russ and Daughters, the famed lox and herring delicates-sen in new York is followed by a deli buffet of smoked fish and salads. Tickets are on sale now at eJlCC for a minimum donation of $15 per person.

Hebrew Congregation

The Hebrew Congrega-tion sponsors a program of conversations and refresh-ments from 3:15 to 4:15 p.m. today at the everett Jewish life Center.

Make reservations for Hebrew Congregation’s first Shabbat dinner from 6:15 to 7:45 p.m. Friday by calling Betty Salz (716-357-2001) or Marilyn neuman (716-357-5042).

Lutheran House

Janet enders from green-burg, Pennsylvania, dis-cusses the history of the house at the 3:15 p.m. social hour today at the lutheran House. Members of St John’s lutheran from girard, Pennsylvania, serve luther-an punch and birthday cake with ice cream. We are cel-ebrating our 125th year on the grounds and 90 years at our location.

Metropolitan Community Church

The Brown Bag is at 12:15 p.m. today in the garden room of the literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall.

The MCC Vespers is from 7 to 7:45 p.m. Wednesday in the UCC Chapel across from the Amphitheater. This is a qui-eter moment, a brief, age-old service at dusk, to calm the mind, cool the body and col-lect blessing and peace. Meet other lgBT Chautauquans.

Mystic Heart Community Meditation

rebecca and ron Cole-Turner lead a meditation seminar, “Taizé: Singing Chant to Heal a Broken World” from 12:30 to 1:55 p.m. today at the Hall of Missions. Anyone with any level of experience can at-tend. A donation is request-ed. The Mystic Heart Com-munity encourages people of all traditions to sit togeth-er in meditation, so as to in-crease awareness, kindness, and compassion.

Presbyterian House

Presbyterian House wel-comes Chautauquans to our porch for coffee, hot choco-late and lemonade each day following the weekday morning worship and pre-ceding the morning lecture.

Unitarian Universalist

All are welcome to the tea at 3:15 p.m. today at the Uni-

tarian Universalist Denomi-national House. Join us for light refreshments and lively dialogue.

United Church of Christ

All are invited to the United Church of Christ So-ciety’s weekly social hour at 3:15 p.m. today at the UCC headquarters. refreshments are served to guests who gather for informal conver-sation, followed by a time to engage in conversation with the rev. gary Percesepe.

United Methodist

All are welcome to stop by our porch for coffee be-tween morning worship and the 10:45 a.m. lecture.

our chaplain’s chat is at noon today on the porch of the United Methodist House. The rev. Darrell greenawalt leads the discussion on “The Father Blessing.”

our social hour is at 3:15 p.m. today on the porch. Members of Park United Methodist Church from northeast, Pennsylvania, host.

The rev. Carmen Perry, pastor of Hurlbut Memorial Community United Meth-odist Church, leads a Bible study on “Conversations on The letters to the ephe-sians” at 7 p.m. today in the chapel.

Unity of Chautauqua

Unity holds a weekday morning Daily Word medi-tation from 8 to 8:30 a.m. weekdays in the Hall of Missions.

The rev. Don Foster pres-ents a Positive Path for Spiri-tual living lecture titled “A gift of grace” at 6:30 p.m. Wednesday in the Welcome Center meeting room. resi-dents need their gate passes.

Women in Ministry

Women in Ministry meets at noon Wednesday in the Hall of Missions.

Interfaith NewsCompiled by meg viehe

Editors’ Note: Jake Zuckerman is the 2015 Interfaith Lecture coverage reporter for the Daily. Part of his beat, including attend-ing and writing about each 2 p.m. lecture, is the Mystic Heart Community Meditation Program. Zuckerman will attend Mystic Heart meditation every Monday and share his experiences in the following day’s Daily.

jake zuckermanStaff Writer

if you’re planning to at-tend the third week of pro-gramming from the Mystic Heart Community Medita-tion Program, be warned: You’ll spend a lot of time thinking about hazelnuts.

Week Three’s program, led by ron and rebecca Cole-Turner, is titled, ”Med-itations on the Revelations of Divine Love by Julian of nor-wich.” The sessions, which run every weekday at 7:15 a.m. in the Main gate Wel-come Center’s conference room, will focus on teach-ings from Julian’s book. Ju-lian is an adopted feminist figure and a key presence to both mystics and feminists alike.

“She [Julian] was unique not only in that she was the first woman to write a book using the english language, but also she, on her own accord, decided to become an anchorite, which was a practice back then for those who felt a special calling of god to devote their lives to prayer,” rebecca Cole-Turn-er said.

Before walking into the conference room, the usher hit me with two curveballs. For one, she asked me to take off my shoes. It was laundry day and i was out of socks — so it goes. Two, she handed me a hazelnut — no

explanation, just a hazelnut.left to ponder the pur-

pose of my hazelnut un-til the class started, i read through the sheet the usher handed to me, scanning an excerpt from Julian’s book in words to her from god. only then did i learn of the nut’s purpose.

“it is all of creation,” it read.

i guess i should have known.

The class continued with the simplicity of the ha-zelnut. All participants sat in silent meditation while the Cole-Turners read the same passage three times. For each repetition of the passage, followed by an ex-tended period of silence, we were given different in-structions for how to pro-cess the excerpt. We were to taste it, chew it, savor it and digest it.

While meditating, rebec-ca instructed participants to fiddle with the nut as they pleased while she reread Julian’s words. The pas-sage tells the story of god handing Julian a nut. Julian writes that upon hearing god’s words, she began to understand that all things are of god’s creation and her superiority to the nut is nonexistent and irrelevant; what mattered was her de-votion to god.

“We need to realize the insignificance of creation and see it for the emptiness

it is because we can embrace the uncreated god in love,” rebecca read from the text. “We will find no rest for our heart or spirit as long as we seek it in insignificant things which can not satisfy us, rather than in god who is omnipotent, omniscient and beneficent.”

Segueing away from the other disciplines of week’s past, the meditations of Ju-lian of norwich left us to meditate in isolation and without guidance. As the class went on, my mind wrapped itself around the nut and its place in creation, and all of our places along-

side that nut.On the flipside of the new-

found independence, oc-casionally my mind would drift to thoughts ranging from the stressful to the ir-relevant to the absurd. How-ever, with bits of practice at focused meditation under my belt, i’ve been learning (with some success) to ig-nore unwanted thoughts — like a schoolboy is taught to ignore a bully — until they go away.

To rebecca, no matter the religion or amount of prac-tice Chautauquans enter the class with, they should be able to walk out with a few

minutes of steady thought on improving themselves and the world around them.

“My hope for people is that they will come away with a deeper knowing of how they might be able to manifest love in their lives, in their families, in their communities, and in the world,” she said.

Being new to meditation, i walk into most classes wondering which of my pre-conceptions of the tradition will shatter in this class. on Monday, one of my ste-reotypes finally manifested itself when rebecca ended the class with pop culture’s

favorite meditation-inspired jargon, “namaste.”

Whether it’s new mus-ings on the significance of creation, the simplicity — or complexity — of existence, or even just a few minutes to sit still and play with a hazelnut, everyone can find something to take away from this week’s meditation program.

“i think if the folks who attend are able to focus through whatever medita-tion or prayer process they choose, they’ll come away with something valuable,” rebecca said.

REbEcca colE-TuRnER

Meditation and hazelnuts with

SAALik kHAn | Staff PhotographerChautauquan Rebecca Cole-Turner leads the Week Three Mystic Heart Community Meditation Program weekday mornings at the Main Gate Welcome Center.


c o m m u n i T y

ryan paitStaff Writer

Today, a poet will attempt to tackle a timeless — and timely — question: What does it mean to be an Ameri-can?

Danielle Legros Georges, the poet-in-residence for Week Three at the Writers’ center, will examine this question with her Brown Bag lecture, “Articulations of America,” at 12:15 p.m. today on the front porch of the Lit-erary Arts center at Alumni Hall.

Georges’ fascination with the American identity drew her to this topic.

“i’ve been interested in how the u.S. has been built both physically and in the imagination,” she said. “i’ve always been inter-ested in the development of American and u.S. iden-tity and identities, and as a writer i have appreciated reading writers who have taken the question up di-rectly or obliquely.”

According to a profile on the poet from The Bos-ton Globe, Georges was born in Haiti and lived in Zaire — now known as the Democratic Republic of the congo — and Boston when she was younger. on a per-sonal level, her fascination with what it means to be an American makes sense.

clara Silverstein, pro-gram director of the Writ-ers’ center, said she felt that Georges’ experiences made her an ideal fit for Week Three, the theme of which is “immigration: origins and Destinations.” Silver-stein said she also admired Georges’ work as Boston’s poet laureate. The writer was named to the position last year and has focused her efforts on community outreach.

Georges said the jump-ing-off point for her Brown Bag is a question posed by

“Frenchman-turned-Amer-ican” Jean (John Hector St. John) de crèvecoeur in his book Letters from an Ameri-can Farmer, published one year before the end of the American Revolution. That question is, “What is an American?”

“American writers have long pursued the iden-tity and idea of America,” Georges said.

Georges said her lec-ture will begin with de crèvecoeur’s question and explore the work of poets such as Emma Lazarus and Langston Hughes to look for an answer to a perhaps unanswerable question.

“i hope my lecture will open up a dialogue on the topics mentioned, as well as engage questions of so-cial justice, privilege and citizenship,” Georges said.

Bruce WaltonStaff Writer

DFT communications, Partners in Technology, will underwrite Bravo! Bra-vo!: A Family Friendly Opera Revue and special Q-and-A at 6 p.m. today in Smith Wilkes Hall, as well as sev-eral community Apprecia-tion Nights offered on se-lect evenings as part of the free Family Entertainment Series.

These nights of perfor-mance and fun are thanks to the fourth year of DFT’s series sponsorship. The lo-cal telecommunications company, in addition to providing phone and inter-net service to chautauqua county, also values family and community.

“The events in the series are popular with families

who are spending the week at chautauqua as well as families who live in chau-tauqua county and the surrounding area,” said mark maytum, president and coo of the company. “DFT communications was founded over 100 years ago by the maytum family and has returned to family ma-jority ownership. At DFT, the family concept is an im-portant pillar of our success story, so we love supporting events that promote and enhance the family experi-ence for our residents and summer guests at chautau-qua institution.”

The chautauqua opera will present an additional revue for families on Aug. 4. other upcoming perfor-mances in the series include migration on July 28, also in

Smith Wilkes. migration is the story of a young mexi-can girl witnessing animals and insects migrate, as told by puppeteer Hobey Ford. Finally, the chautauqua Regional youth Ballet will perform a special evening for classical and contempo-

rary dance for young audi-ences on Aug. 18 in Eliza-beth S. Lenna Hall.

community patrons can request a complimentary pass from the main Gate Welcome center’s will call window to attend any of these free performances.

Georges to discuss American identity with Brown Bag

DFT Communications underwrites Family Entertainment Series

gEorgES

RUBY WALLAU | Staff Photographer

At the top, baritone Richard Coleman and tenor Matthew Arnold bring audience member Ralph Walton onto the stage during a performance of Figaro’s Aria from The Barber of Seville during “Bravo! Bravo!: A Family-Friendly Opera Revue” last Monday at Smith Wilkes Hall. Below, baritone Richard Coleman performs Papagena from “The Magic Flute.”

BRIA GRANVILLE

Staff Photographer

Volunteering for and sustaining Chautauqua are members of the Planned Giving Committee. These dedicated volunteers have made their own commitment to Chautauqua through their estate planning and commit their time to other Chautauquans interested in exploring estate gift options. From left to right, Courtney Curatolo, Susan Laubach, Sylvia Faust, Jack Connolly, Joan Keogh, Laura Currie (chair) and Dusty Nelson, director of gift planning with the Chautauqua Foundation. Not pictured are Andrew Camden, Sarah Rosen, Ben Sorensen and Amy Mead.

PlannED giving CommiTTEE

I’ve been interested in how the U.S. has been built both physically and in the imagination.”

—DaniEllE gEorgESPoet-in-residence,

Writers Center

Fishing The waters of Chautauqua Lake provide an abundance of game and food fish. Muskellunge create the greatest excitement, and the muskie season, from late June to October, draws fishermen from all over the United States and Canada. Large and smallmouth bass, calico and rock bass, walleyes and perch are among other fish in good supply. Bait is available at the Sports Club.

A fishing license may be purchased at Hogan’s Hut on Route 394 near the entrance to Route 17/I-86 in Stow or at the town clerk’s office in Mayville.

» on the grounds


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» on the grounds

Lost BikesThe Chautauqua Police Department often retrieves lost bicycles. If you have lost your bike, please contact the Chautauqua Police Department at 716-357-6225 to see if they have found yours.

The June and albert Bon-yor lectureship fund and the arnold and Jill Bellowe lectureship fund under-write the 10:45 a.m. lecture by sonia Nazario, author of Enrique’s Journey.

The June and albert Bonyor lectureship fund was established in 2006 by June Bonyor in memory of her husband, albert. The Bonyors have a wonderful history with Chautauqua, having first been introduced to Chautauqua in 1980. To-gether, they played golf and enjoyed the music and dance programming, as well as the 10:45 a.m. lectures. Over the years, June established mem-berships with the Chautau-qua Opera Guild, the Chau-tauqua Theater Company and the Chautauqua Wom-en’s Club. she was an avid golfer and a regular bridge player.

Through the gift of their Chautauqua home to the foundation and its ultimate sale, this lectureship fund as well as an endowment for a dance scholarship were cre-ated.

arnold Bellowe is the re-tired president and CeO of forest City auto Parts Com-pany and was on the Board of Tyler Corp. of dallas. Bel-lowe is involved at santa Barbara City College and the University of California, santa Barbara. He has also been involved in mentoring “at risk” youth and with or-ganizations that promote mentoring. at Chautauqua, Bellowe is a former member of the Chautauqua Board of Trustees and has worked on the Chautauqua Challenge Campaign, the Renewal Campaign where he was the Theater Team Chairman, and the Chautauqua idea

Campaign. He was also a member of the development Council.

Jill Bellowe holds a mas-ter’s degree in counseling and was a teacher and coun-selor who specialized in Post Traumatic stress disorder and stress management. she has taught at Cuyahoga Community College and santa Barbara Community College. she was a founding member of the friends of the Chautauqua Conservatory Theater, as well as president of the friends from 1997 to 1999. Currently, Jill is a mem-ber of the Chautauqua insti-tution Board of Trustees and previously served as Chair-man of the Program Policy Committee.

The Bellowes, formerly of Moreland Hills, Ohio, have lived in santa Barbara, Cali-fornia since 1993. They have been residents of Chautau-

qua shores since 1972. in 1988, they were members of the Chautauqua -soviet Conference in Tblisi, Geor-gia. The Bellowes have two children: a daughter, stacy Tager, and her partner, da-vid lee. They live in santa Monica with their three children, Jake, Jordan and Justin, who follow the fam-ily tradition of summers in Chautauqua. The Bellowes’ son, Greg, resides in santa Barbara, California, with his partner, Yvonne. They have a daughter named anna.

If you would be interested in discussing the possibility of es-tablishing an endowed lecture-ship or supporting another as-pect of Chautauqua’s program, please contact Dustin Nelson, director of gift planning, at 716-357-6409 or email him at [email protected].

Bonyor, Bellowe funds sponsor Nazario lecture

The lincoln ethics series will sponsor sonia Nazario, author of Enrique’s Journey, and former U.s. attorney General alberto Gonzales.

since 1997, the generos-ity of the david and Joan lincoln family has allowed Chautauqua institution to focus program resources on contemporary problems in applied ethics. in 2015 the lincoln applied ethics Program will run through-out the entire season for the first time, supporting a significant number of lectures and other special programs, all of which will address issues of applied

ethics. a goal of the pro-gram is for Chautauquans to encourage application of the knowledge gained in their local communities, nationally and worldwide.

The lincoln family’s ties to Chautauqua are deep and continuing. Joan and david lincoln, their daugh-ter Katie, grandchildren Morgan and Harper, and david’s parents before him, have been — and remain — significantly engaged in all aspects of the Chautau-qua experience. during the winter, the lincolns reside in Paradise Valley, arizona.

Lincoln Ethics Series sponsor Week Three’s talks from Nazario, Gonzales

The Carnahan-Jackson dance endowment, an en-dowment fund held by the Chautauqua foundation, pro-vides funding for tonight’s performance by the Charlotte Ballet with Chautauqua sym-phony Orchestra and Con-ductor Grant Cooper. in ad-dition, today’s 2 p.m. lecture with daisy Machado is fund-ed by the Carnahan-Jackson Religious lectureship fund.

Mrs. alvin C. Jackson was the first member of her family to come to Chautau-qua. she initially came to the institution at the age of

18 to study sunday school teaching methods. she later returned with her husband and daughter, Katharine, on a regular basis. When Katharine married Clyde l. Carnahan of Jamestown, the Jacksons purchased a home at 41 Palestine and continued to spend summers here each year. The Carnahans lived in Jamestown but also became devoted Chautauquans.

Katharine served as an in-stitution trustee and served on board committees for the library and the department of Religion. she and Clyde partic-

ipated actively in the Chautau-qua Presbyterian association. in 1969, Katharine created the Japanese Garden, located be-side the United Presbyterian headquarters, in memory of her parents and her husband. When making the gift, Katha-rine remarked that Chautau-qua was very important to her parents, and that she believed Chautauqua’s Christian faith and program were its great in-ner strength and distinguish-ing factor.

david Carnahan is the son of Katharine and Clyde. Chairman of the Board of

the Carnahan-Jackson foun-dation, inc., of Jamestown, david continued his parents’ long record of commitment and service to the institu-tion. a former director of the Chautauqua foundation inc. and a former trustee of the institution, david has been active in many civic and edu-cational organizations.

david met his wife, the former Martha Popp, at Chautauqua. for many years, they resided on the grounds of the institution before moving to their home outside Mayville.

Carnahan-Jackson funds sponsor CSO, Charlotte Ballet, Machado

» on the grounds

indoor PooL Chautauqua Health & FitnessThere is a fee to swim. Check in at the fitness center upon arrival. Open Swim

Monday to Friday 11:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. 5:30 p.m. to 7 p.m. Saturday Noon to 4 p.m.

Lap Swim Monday to Friday 7 a.m. to 11 a.m. 11:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. 4:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. Saturday 7 a.m. to 11 a.m.

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2015

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By Dave Green

Difficulty Level 7/14


o P e r a

REVIEW

Joshua Boucher | Staff PhotographerAt top left, Macduff, played by Jason Wickson, rallies refugees from Macbeth’s cruel reign during Saturday’s performance in the Amphitheater. At bottom left, Macbeth, played by Michael Chioldi, sees reflections of future kings after threatening to kill the Three Witches. At right, the Three Witches stand over Macbeth’s dead body as Macduff crowns Malcolm king of Scotland.

ARTHUR KAPTAINISGuest Critic

My mistake. I initially as-sumed that the Chautauqua opera production of Macbeth would be in Norton Hall, a natural setting for this mid-size masterpiece of Verdi’s early maturity. only on my arrival did I realize that it was booked as a one-off in the amphitheater. Could Macbeth really fill the space à la Aida?

once again, my mistake. I did not understand, as do more experienced Chautau-quans, how well this beloved facility projects sound — let alone fury. The performance Saturday night was a great success that made the score seem more universal — dare I say, Shakespearean — by opening it to the multitudes.

Director Jay Lesenger adopted an elemental ap-proach, which is the right one for this gloomy piece. rudimentary tones of black, grey, ochre and red create an atmosphere of foreboding. a few properties will do. The crown and the throne, af-ter all, are potent symbols, and however customary medieval costuming might seem — even the relatively conservative Metropolitan opera now dresses the prin-cipals in uptown formal at-tire and makes bag ladies of the witches — it universal-

izes the action in a way no high-concept alternative can match.

a central platform with two staircases (held over from the 2014 production of the Go West! inter-arts col-laboration) proved quite sufficient to frame the ac-tion. There was a screen of modest size. Projections were used to generate mood — with clouds, sepulchers, heraldic shields, and sheets of blood with horror-show handprints — rather than for explicit narrative purpose. Who needs aids to compre-hension when the drama is so blazingly clear? add some stage smoke and presto: Mac-beth.

Well, hardly. These are major roles, vocally and in terms of tragic amplitude. Michael Chioldi was a mul-tifaceted Macbeth. There was colour and nuance in his big, sturdy baritone, and his acting left nothing to be de-sired. even Verdi vacillated in his two versions of the op-era between lamenting the tragedy of a reluctant tyrant and celebrating his trium-phant overthrow. on this oc-casion, we could applaud the latter while thinking deeply about the former.

Lady Macbeth is another famously divided figure, al-though less troubled (in both Verdi and Shakespeare) than her husband. Jill Gardner,

in her Chautauqua debut, gave a strong performance without much exploring the coarse tone the composer said he wanted. Still, her act-ing was generous and her entry from the rear of the auditorium during her sleep-walking scene — holding a lamp — was an apt means of heightening what little pity we can feel for this ruthless figure (again, in Verdi and Shakespeare alike). I have made no thorough study of the matter, but my guess is that the position singers find least amenable to the pro-duction of high notes is lying prone on the stage. Directors take note.

Bass-baritone David Crawford made a forceful — if relatively uninflected — case for Banquo. even in the opening pages, this noble-man doubts the value of the witches’ prophecy. Craw-ford’s fellow former Chau-tauqua opera Young artist Jason Wickson brought the house down as Macduff, a figure who simultaneously laments the collapse of his nation into tyranny and the

unspeakable tragedy of per-sonal loss of his wife and children. Big, tough yet lyri-cal at the core, this young tenor is sure to go far.

Tenor Brett Sprague was a Malcolm you could believe in and the supporting char-acters (also Chautauqua op-era Young artists) sang well. Choruses were up to compa-ny standards although it was apparent during the witches’ sequences that calisthenics and focused tone exist (as they do for choruses every-where) in inverse proportion. That said, the weird sisters (whom Verdi brilliantly ex-pands to a three-part plena-ry) were effectively Hallow-eenish, and the procession of future kings made their proper effect. Another inevi-table theatrical highlight was the banquet scene, where the ghost of Banquo quite spoils the party.

To be truthful, I find the supernatural elements of Macbeth — as central as they were to the initial success of the opera in 1847 — of less interest than the human core. The tug of ambition

and rectitude in the mind of the title character is of a type that besets humans ev-erywhere and always will. Lesenger managed the nar-rative particulars (including battle scenes) without losing sight of this central reality.

even more masterful was Hal France in charge of the superb Chautauqua Sym-phony orchestra. This is a score of alternating ferocity and tenderness and much feeling that is in between. Balances were apt and the pace never flagged. My pri-vate theory is that players who are not sequestered in a pit feel more motivated. In the amphitheater, the or-chestra is as much a public element of performance as the chorus. Thus we get the exactitude and discipline of a concert reading and the immediacy of a staging.

We also get our words in english, a great Chautau-qua institution about which I need not elaborate (as rare as the phenomenon has be-come outside the Institution grounds). The translation was by the late andrew Por-

ter, and a fine one it was, pre-serving “Is this a dagger I see before me?” even though the Italian of Verdi’s librettist di-vides that thought in two. It was interesting to hear cho-ral pleas to the almighty in english that could have been recycled on Sunday morning to good effect.

Porter saw fit to restore Lady Macbeth’s “unsex me here” command, a Shake-spearian (and, in the con-temporary intellectual environment, potentially controversial) conceit that apparently proved too dif-ficult to render into Italian. There were other details worth pondering. The cen-tral point was the unfolding of a powerful tragedy with universal relevance. That part everyone got exactly right.

Arthur Kaptainis is the clas-sical music critic for the Mon-treal Gazette and the National Post. He also writes for opera Canada and Musical Toronto, and is heard from time to time on CBC Radio Two.

‘Macbeth’ dazzles audiences, slays apprehensions


P r o g r a m

TuTUESDAYJuly 14

7:00 (7 – 11) Farmers Market

7:15 (7:15–8) Mystic Heart Meditation: Spiritual Practices of World Religions. Leader: Ron and Rebecca Cole-Turner (Taizé). Donation. Bring gate pass. Main Gate Welcome Center Conference Room

7:30 Bird Walk & Talk. (Programmed by the Bird, Tree & Garden Club.) Guided walk. Rain or shine. Bring binoculars. Meet at Smith Wilkes Hall entrance

7:45 Episcopal Holy Eucharist. Chapel of the Good Shepherd

8:00 Daily Word Meditation. (Sponsored by Unity of Chautauqua.) Hall of Missions

8:30 (8:30–10:30) library Day. Smith Memorial Library patio

8:45 Catholic Mass. Chapel of the Good Shepherd

8:55 (8:55–9) Chautauqua Prays For Peace Through Compassion. Hall of Missions Grove

9:15 MORNING WORSHIP. “Finding Our Place in the Family of Things.” The Rev. Katharine Rhodes Henderson, president, Auburn Theological Seminary. Amphitheater

9:15 Garden Walk. (Programmed by the Bird, Tree & Garden Club.) Sharon Reed, master gardener. Rain or shine. Meet at the lake side (back) of Smith Wilkes Hall

9:15 Jewish lecture Series. (Programmed by Chabad Lubavitch of Chautauqua). “ISIS and the Ethical Dilemmas.” Rabbi Zalman Vilenkin. Hall of Philosophy

9:30 ClSC Class of 2016 Formation Meeting. Literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall

10:15 Service of Blessing and Healing. UCC Chapel

10:45 lECTuRE. “Child Migrants, the U.S. Response, and How to Solve America’s Immigration Dilemma.” Sonia Nazario, author, Enrique’s Journey. Amphitheater

10:45 Story Time. (Stories planned for 3- to 4-year-olds.) Smith Memorial Library


12:15 Brown Bag lecture. (Programmed by the Writers’ Center.) “Articulations of America.” Danielle legros Georges. Literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall porch

12:15 Tallman Tracker Organ Mini-Concert. “The Tallman from A to H.” Jared Jacobsen, organist. Hall of Christ

12:15 Brown Bag lecture. (Programmed by the Bird, Tree & Garden Club.) “Mushroom Hunting for the Kitchen and Camera Lens.” Walt Sturgeon, mycologist and photographer. Smith Wilkes Hall

12:15 (12:15–1:15) Brown Bag lecture. (Programmed by the Everett Jewish Life Center.) “Who Is A Jew: Israel’s Unfinished Saga Of Religion, Law And Politics.” Rabbi uri Regev. Everett Jewish Life Center

12:15 lGBT & Friends Brown Bag. “Finding Community Admidst Our Differences.” Sponsored by the Metropolitan Community Church.) Literary Arts Center Garden Room

12:30 (12:30–1:55) Mystic Heart Meditation: Meditation Seminar. “Taizé: Singing Chant to Heal a Broken World.” Leader: Ron and Rebecca Cole-Turner (Taizé). Donation. Hall of Missions

1:00 (1–4) Duplicate Bridge. For men and women. (Programmed by the Chautauqua Women’s Club.) Fee. CWC House

1:00 Docent Tours. Meet at Fowler-Kellogg Art Center

1:00 Mah Jongg. (Programmed by the Sports Club.) Sports Club

2:00 INTERFAITH lECTuRE SERIES. “Immigration, Faith and the Public Square.” Daisy l. Machado, professor of the American history of Christianity, Union Theological Seminary. Hall of Philosophy (simulcast in Hall of Christ)

2:00 (2–2:45) ClSC young Readers Program. Enrique’s Journey (The Young Readers’ Edition) by Sonia Nazario. Hultquist Center 101

2:00 Public Shuttle Tours of Grounds. Fee. (Purchase tickets at Main Gate Welcome Center.) Leave from Main Gate Welcome Center


3:15 Social Hour. Denominational Houses

3:15 Hebrew Congregation Conversation & Refreshments. Sing-along with Arnie Allice. Everett Jewish Life Center

3:30 ClSC AuTHOR PRESENTATION. Alice McDermott, Someone. Hall of Philosophy

3:30 Chautauqua Heritage lecture Series. “Booker T. Washington.” Gary Moore, president, Association of Career and Technical Education. Hall of Christ

4:00 (4–5:30) Guest Artist Piano Recital. School of Music. Jon Nakamatsu, piano. (Benefits the Chautauqua Women’s Club Scholarship Fund.) Elizabeth S. Lenna Hall


4:15 Garden Walk. (Programmed by the Bird, Tree & Garden Club.) Joe McMaster. Meet at the lake side (back) of Smith Wilkes Hall

4:30 Knitting4Workshop. (Sponsored by the Department of Religion.) Methodist House porch

6:00 FAMIly ENTERTAINMENT SERIES. “Bravo! Bravo!: A Family-Friendly Opera Revue.” Chautauqua Opera Studio Artists. Smith Wilkes Hall

7:00 Motet Choir. Hall of Christ

7:00 Pre-Performance lecture. (Programmed by the Chautauqua Dance Circle.) Hall of Philosophy

7:00 Visual Arts lecture Series. Angela Dufresne, painter; alumnus, Chautauqua School of Art. Hultquist Center

7:00 Bible Study. (Sponsored by the Department of Religion.) “Reflections on the Letter to the Ephesians.” The Rev. Carmen Perry, leader. United Methodist House

8:00 APyA Porch Chat. (Programmed by the Abrahamic Program for Young Adults.) Milk and cookies with Robert Franklin. All young adults are welcome to attend. Literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall porch

8:15 CHARlOTTE BAllET IN RESIDENCE WITH THE CHAuTAuQuA SyMPHONy ORCHESTRA. Jean-Pierre Bonnefoux, director; Grant Cooper, guest conductor; Brian Reagin, violin. Amphitheater

• Symphony No. 9, Op. 125 in D Minor (3rd Mvt.)

Ludwig van Beethoven• Excerpts from The Four Seasons,

Op. 8 Antonio Vivaldi

• Valse Triste Pas de Deux Jean Sibelius

• Danses Brillantes Eduoard Lalo

WWEDNESDAY

July 15

7:00 (7 – 11) Farmers Market

7:15 (7:15–8) Mystic Heart Meditation: Spiritual Practices of World Religions. Leader: Ron and Rebecca Cole-Turner (Taizé). Donation. Bring gate pass. Main Gate Welcome Center Conference Room

7:45 Episcopal Holy Eucharist. Chapel of the Good Shepherd

8:00 Daily Word Meditation. (Sponsored by Unity of Chautauqua.) Hall of Missions

8:00 Amphitheater Renewal Project Public Session: Structural History and Performance Experience. Hall of Christ


8:55 (8:55–9) Chautauqua Prays For Peace Through Compassion. Hall of Missions Grove

9:15 Science Circle Presentation. (Programmed by the CLSC Alumni Association.) “From Newtonian Mechanics to String Theory: An Overview.” Harry White. Hall of Christ

9:15 MORNING WORSHIP. “Living in the World Between Worlds.” The Rev. Katharine Rhodes Henderson, president, Auburn Theological Seminary. Amphitheater

9:15 (9:15–10:45) Girls’ Morning Out: Coffee on the Porch. CWC House

9:15 Jewish Discussions. (Programmed by Chabad Lubavitch of Chautauqua.) “The Art of Prayer.” Rabbi Zalman Vilenkin. Literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall Library

9:30 ClSC Class of 2015 Meeting. Alumni Hall

9:30 Chautauqua Institution Trustees Porch Discussion. “Community & Faith.” The Rev. Robert Franklin, director, Department of Religion. Hultquist Center porch

10:00 Voice Master Class. (School of Music.) Marlena Malas. McKnight Hall

10:15 Service of Blessing and Healing. UCC Chapel

10:45 lECTuRE. “Latino Americans: The 500-Year Legacy that Shaped America.” Ray Suarez, host, Al-Jazeera America’s “Inside Story.” Amphitheater

12:00 Women in Ministry. Hall of Missions

12:00 (12–2) Flea Boutique. (Sponsored by Chautauqua Women’s Club.) Behind Colonnade


12:15 Massey Organ Mini-Concert. “The Virtuoso Organist: Chautauqua.” Jared Jacobsen, organist. Amphitheater12:15 Brown Bag Book Review. (Programmed by the CLSC Alumni Association.) Barbara Flynn, Lady at the O.K. Corral: The True Story of Josephine Marcus Earp by Ann Kirschner. Literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall porch

12:30 Brown Bag. “Burning Questions.” (Programmed by Abrahamic Program for Young Adults.) All are welcome. Smith Wilkes Hall

12:30 AA / Al-Anon Meeting. Hurlbut Church Parlor.

1:00 (1–4) CWC Artists at the Market. Farmers Market

1:00 Docent Tours. Meet at Fowler-Kellogg Art Center

1:15 language Hour. French, Spanish, Swedish, etc. (Programmed by the Chautauqua Women’s Club.) CWC House

1:15 ClSC Alumni Association Docent Tours. Literary Arts Center at Alumni Hall and Pioneer Hall

1:30 library Presentation. “The Rise of Disrupters.” Alan Greenberg. Smith Memorial Library

2:00 INTERFAITH lECTuRE SERIES. “For We Were Strangers in a Strange Land.” Ray Suarez, host, Al-Jazeera America’s “Inside Story.” Hall of Philosophy (simulcast in Hall of Christ)



3:30 (3:30–5:30) Jewish Film Festival. (Programmed by the Everett Jewish Life Center.) Everett Jewish Life Center at Chautauqua

3:30 Contemporary Issues Dialogues. (Programmed by the Chautauqua Women’s Club.) Alberto R. Gonzales, former U.S. attorney general. CWC House

3:30 (3:30–4:30) lecture. “2016 Election Preview.” David Kozak, distinguished professor of public policy and director of Leadership Erie, Gannon University. Hall of Philosophy

3:30 Special Conversation. (Programmed by the Department of Religion.) “’For We Were Strangers in a Strange Land’ from the Perspective of Alzheimer’s.” The Rev. Katharine Rhodes Henderson. Hall of Christ


4:00 (4–5:30) Guest Piano Master Class. (School of Music.) Jon Nakamatsu. Suggested fee. Sherwood-Marsh Studios

4:15 Bat Chat. (Programmed by the Bird, Tree & Garden Club.) Caroline Van Kirk Bissell, nature guide. Smith Wilkes Hall

5:30 (5:30–7:30) Brick Walk Cafe Concerts. Cindy love. Brick Walk Cafe

6:00 (6–7:30) Chef’s Tour. (Programmed by the Chautauqua Women’s Club.) Ryan Thayer, chef and co-owner, Scallion Bistro. Tickets required. 55 Crescent

6:30 Positive Path for Spiritual living. (Programmed by Unity of Chautauqua.) Bring gate pass. Main Gate Welcome Center Conference Room

6:45 Eventide Travelogue. (Programmed by the CLSC Alumni Association.) “Antarctic Adventure.” Sam and Bev Hazen. Donation. Hall of Christ

7:00 Christian Science Service. Christian Science Chapel

7:00 (7–7:45) Metropolitan Community Church Vespers Service. UCC Chapel

7:00 APyA Chat. “Eid Nights.” (Programmed by the Abrahamic Program for Young Adults.) Meet at the Main Gate Welcome Center for transportation off the grounds

7:30 (7:30–10) Voice Concert. (School of Music.) Benefits the Chautauqua Women’s Scholarship Fund.) McKnight Hall

7:30 FAMIly ENTERTAINMENT SERIES. Aga-Boom. (Community Appreciation Night.) Amphitheater

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