Offprint Botanica Marina Vol. 44, 2001, pp. 3912414 g 2001 by Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York Checklist of the Benthic Marine Plants of the Madeira Archipelago A. I. Neto a *, D. C. Cravo b and R. T. Haroun c a Secc ¸a ˜o de Biologia Marinha, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Ac ¸ores, Rua da Ma ˜e de Deus, 9500 Ponta Delgada, Ac ¸ores, Portugal b Estrada do Laranjal no. 153, Santo Anto ´ nio, 90002343 Funchal, Portugal c Departamento de Biologia, Facultad Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas, Spain * Corresponding author A checklist of the benthic marine plants of the archipelago of Madeira is presented based on published information and personal observations. This list includes 1 Spermatophyte and 359 algal species, comprising 64 Chlorophycota, 64 Chromophycota and 231 Rhodophycota. Fifteen doubtful records for the area are also included. Introduction The archipelago of Madeira, located in the Central Eastern Atlantic Ocean between the coordinates 308 to 338 N and 168 to 178 W (Fig. 1), comprises seven islands (Madeira, Porto Santo, Deserta Grande, Bugio, Selvagem Grande, Selvagem Pequena and Il- he ´u de Fora). Only Madeira and Porto Santo are in- habited. Most of the islands are close to each other, except the Selvagens (Salvage islands) which are situ- ated about half way between Madeira and the Canar- ies. Phycological investigations were only sporadically conducted, mainly by visiting scientists and during small periods of time (see revision in Levring 1974). Among the first studies Piccone (1884) is worth men- tioning, whose collections were deposited in the De- partment of Botany of the Naturhistorisches Mu- seum in Vienna (W) and have been revised by Prud’- homme van Reine et al. (1994). In this century the first studies were conducted by Gain and Mirande (1912), Gain (1914), Menezes (1926) and Cabioch (1974). Levring (1974), based on the previous investi- gations and on his own collections, listed 254 macro- algal species. A few years later, during the CANCAP expeditions of the Dutch Government (197721987), collections were done in several of the mid-Atlantic islands. The collections are deposited at the National Herbarium Nederland in Leiden (L). Part of the ma- terial was examined and several publications were made concerning the marine algal flora of the Ma- deira archipelago (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au- diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Haroun and Prud’homme van Reine 1993, Weisscher 1982, 1983). Since Levring (1974), all the published information has been widespread, rendering difficult any biogeo- graphical assessment of the Macaronesian algal flora. The aim of this work is to compile an updated cat- alogue of the marine plants of the Madeira archipel- ago, including macroalgae and seagrasses. Material and Methods After a review of the pertinent references and revision of available live/preserved material, only valid re- cords are included in this checklist. Many herbarium sheets have been revised by the authors. Herbarium abbreviations are from the Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al. 1990). Most of the specimens are deposited in either L (CANCAP expeditions) or in the Herbarium of the Museu Municipal do Funchal (Historia Natural), some old specimens are kept in PAD and W. Doubtful records are kept separate and certainly need further attention. The systematic arrangement, including the ordinal and lower classification schemes, mainly follows Silva et al. (1996). We have also adopted the new division (phylum) names Rhodophycota, Chromo- phycota (which includes Phaeophyceae) and Chloro- phycota suggested by those authors. Besides, new taxonomic data for specific genera, such as Dictyota (Hörnig et al. 1992 a, b, 1993) and Laurencia/Chon- drophycus (Nam 1999) are also incorporated. In some cases, the nomenclatural status suggested by Wynne (1998) in the recent revision of the western Atlantic tropical and subtropical marine flora is adopted. Genera and species appear alphabetically within their assigned family or genera, respectively. Subspecies and lower classification levels are not quoted. No- menclatural authorities are given in full, mainly to avoid errors due to different abbreviation systems, Brummitt and Powell’s (1992) compilation of names of authors is mainly followed. Besides, the recom- mendation of the ICBN (Greuter et al. 1994) to avoid using in is adopted. For each taxon the place where
Transcript
Offprint Botanica Marina Vol. 44, 2001, pp. 3912414 g 2001 by Walter de Gruyter · Berlin · New York
Checklist of the Benthic Marine Plants of the Madeira Archipelago
A. I. Netoa*, D. C. Cravob and R. T. Harounc
a Seccao de Biologia Marinha, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Acores, Rua da Mae de Deus,9500 Ponta Delgada, Acores, Portugal
b Estrada do Laranjal no. 153, Santo Antonio, 90002343 Funchal, Portugalc Departamento de Biologia, Facultad Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas,
Spain
* Corresponding author
A checklist of the benthic marine plants of the archipelago of Madeira is presented based on publishedinformation and personal observations. This list includes 1 Spermatophyte and 359 algal species, comprising64 Chlorophycota, 64 Chromophycota and 231 Rhodophycota. Fifteen doubtful records for the area are alsoincluded.
Introduction
The archipelago of Madeira, located in the CentralEastern Atlantic Ocean between the coordinates 308to 338 N and 168 to 178 W (Fig. 1), comprises sevenislands (Madeira, Porto Santo, Deserta Grande,Bugio, Selvagem Grande, Selvagem Pequena and Il-heu de Fora). Only Madeira and Porto Santo are in-habited. Most of the islands are close to each other,except the Selvagens (Salvage islands) which are situ-ated about half way between Madeira and the Canar-ies.
Phycological investigations were only sporadicallyconducted, mainly by visiting scientists and duringsmall periods of time (see revision in Levring 1974).Among the first studies Piccone (1884) is worth men-tioning, whose collections were deposited in the De-partment of Botany of the Naturhistorisches Mu-seum in Vienna (W) and have been revised by Prud’-homme van Reine et al. (1994). In this century thefirst studies were conducted by Gain and Mirande(1912), Gain (1914), Menezes (1926) and Cabioch(1974). Levring (1974), based on the previous investi-gations and on his own collections, listed 254 macro-algal species. A few years later, during the CANCAPexpeditions of the Dutch Government (197721987),collections were done in several of the mid-Atlanticislands. The collections are deposited at the NationalHerbarium Nederland in Leiden (L). Part of the ma-terial was examined and several publications weremade concerning the marine algal flora of the Ma-deira archipelago (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Harounand Prud’homme van Reine 1993, Weisscher 1982,1983).
Since Levring (1974), all the published informationhas been widespread, rendering difficult any biogeo-graphical assessment of the Macaronesian algal flora.
The aim of this work is to compile an updated cat-alogue of the marine plants of the Madeira archipel-ago, including macroalgae and seagrasses.
Material and Methods
After a review of the pertinent references and revisionof available live/preserved material, only valid re-cords are included in this checklist. Many herbariumsheets have been revised by the authors. Herbariumabbreviations are from the Index Herbariorum(Holmgren et al. 1990). Most of the specimens aredeposited in either L (CANCAP expeditions) or inthe Herbarium of the Museu Municipal do Funchal(Historia Natural), some old specimens are kept inPAD and W. Doubtful records are kept separate andcertainly need further attention.
The systematic arrangement, including the ordinaland lower classification schemes, mainly followsSilva et al. (1996). We have also adopted the newdivision (phylum) names Rhodophycota, Chromo-phycota (which includes Phaeophyceae) and Chloro-phycota suggested by those authors. Besides, newtaxonomic data for specific genera, such as Dictyota(Hörnig et al. 1992 a, b, 1993) and Laurencia/Chon-drophycus (Nam 1999) are also incorporated. In somecases, the nomenclatural status suggested by Wynne(1998) in the recent revision of the western Atlantictropical and subtropical marine flora is adopted.Genera and species appear alphabetically within theirassigned family or genera, respectively. Subspeciesand lower classification levels are not quoted. No-menclatural authorities are given in full, mainly toavoid errors due to different abbreviation systems,Brummitt and Powell’s (1992) compilation of namesof authors is mainly followed. Besides, the recom-mendation of the ICBN (Greuter et al. 1994) to avoidusing in is adopted. For each taxon the place where
392 A. I. Neto et al.
it was collected is given (M, Madeira; PS, PortoSanto; DG, Deserta Grande; SG, Selvagem Grande;SP, Selvagem Pequena; IF, Ilheu de Fora; Selvagensor Desertas, when no specific place is referred to) to-gether with the respective bibliographic references.
Results
SpermatophytaClass MagnoliophytinaSubclass Lilida
Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) AschersonM (Levring 1974, but only the genus was mentioned,Augier 1985, Wirtz 1995).
Fig. 1. Madeira Archipelago: location in the Atlantic Ocean(A) and relative position of the islands (B).
ChlorophycotaCtenocladalesCtenocladaceae
Pseudendoclonium marinum (Reinke) Aleem et E.Schulz
Enteromorpha clathrata (Roth) GrevilleM (Menezes 1926, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985) DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP
Checklist of marine plants of Madeira 393
(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Enteromorpha compressa (Linne) NeesM (Piccone 1884, Gain 1914, Menezes 1926, Levring1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al.1992); DG (Gain 1914, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG (Piccone 1884, Gain1914, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Prud’homme van Reine etal. 1994); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen ex Roth) J. Agardhsubsp. paradoxa (Dillwyn) BlidingM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
5 Enteromorpha lingulata J. Agardh 2 DG (Gain1914).
Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linne) NeesPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Gain and Mirande 1912, Gain 1914, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Enteromorpha linza (Linne) J. AgardhSG (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983); SP(Weisscher 1983).
Enteromorpha muscoides (Clemente y Rubio) Crem-ades
5 Enteromorpha ramulosa (J. E. Smith) Hook 2M (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Prud’homme van Reine et al.1994); SG (Gain and Mirande 1912, Gain 1914,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984); SP (Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984).5 Enteromorpha ramulosa Hook var. spinescens 2M (Gain 1914).
Enteromorpha prolifera (O. F. Müller) J. AgardhM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Enteromorpha procera Ahlner5 Enteromorpha ahlneriana Bliding 2 M (Levring1974).
Ulva lactuca LinneM (Piccone 1884, Gain 1914, Menezes 1926, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); DG and SG(Gain 1914, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985).
Ulva rigida C. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Augier 1985, Prud’homme vanReine et al. 1994).
Monostromataceae
Blidingia marginata (J. Agardh) P. Dangeard5 Blidingia minima var. minima 2 M (Prud’-homme van Reine et al. 1994).
Blidingia minima (Nägeli ex Kützing) KylinM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
CladophoralesAnadyomenaceae
Anadyomene stellata (Wulfen) C. AgardhSP (Weisscher 1983).
Microdictyon boergesenii SetchellM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Cladophora coelothrix KützingM (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); DG, SG and SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
5 Cladophora repens (J. Agardh) Harvey 2 M(Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Paula et al. 1992);SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985) DG andSP (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).5 Aegagropila repens (J. Agardh) Kützing 2 DG(Gain 1914).
Cladophora feredayi HarveyM and SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Cladophora glomerata (Linne) KützingM (Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994).
Cladophora laetevirens (Dillwyn) KützingM (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SG (Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Prud’homme van Reine et al.1994).
5 misidentified as Cladophora lutescens Kützing 2SG (Piccone 1884).5 misidentified as Cladophora dalmatica Kützing2 SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Cladophora liebetruthii GrunowM and SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS and DG (Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Cladophora boodleoides Børgesen 2 M (Levring1974, Augier 1985).
Cladophora pellucida (Hudson) KützingM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier 1985, Prud’-homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG(Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985); SG (Piccone 1884, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
5 misidentified as Cladophora utriculosa Kützing2 M (Piccone 1884).
Cladophora prolifera (Roth) KützingM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud-’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG (Gain
1914); SG (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Valonia utricularis (Roth) C. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier 1985, Prud’-homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS (Levring 1974,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula etal. 1992); DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985); SG (Gain and Mirande 1912, Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SP (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Checklist of marine plants of Madeira 395
BryopsidalesBryopsidaceae
Bryopsis corymbosa J. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Prud’homme van Reine et al.1994).
Bryopsis hypnoides J. V. LamourouxSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Bryopsis plumosa (Hudson) C. AgardhPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); DG(Gain 1914, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Pedobesia lamourouxii (J. Agardh) J. Feldmann,Loureau, Codomier et Coute
5 Derbesia lamourouxii (J. Agardh) Solier 2 M(Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); DG (Levring 1974, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Derbesia tenuissima (Morris et De Notaris) P. Crouanet H. CrouanM (Weisscher 1983); DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Caulerpaceae
Caulerpa prolifera (Forsskal) J. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Augier 1985).
Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. AgardhDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Caulerpa webbiana MontagneM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al.1992) and SG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Udotaceae
Penicillus capitatus LamarckPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Codium adhaerens C. AgardhM (Gain 1914, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); DG (Gain1914, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); Selva-gens (Pickering and Hansen 1969); SG (Gain andMirande 1912, Gain 1914, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Codium decorticatum (Woodward) HoweM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Codium elisabethae O. C. SchmidtPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Prud’homme van Reine 1988).
Codium tomentosum StackhouseM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud-’homme van Reine 1985); PS and SG (Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); Selvagens (Levring 1974).
DasycladalesDasycladaceae
Dasycladus vermicularis (Scopoli) KrasserM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974,Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula etal. 1992); DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG and SP (Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
5 Dasycladus claveformis C. Agardh 2 DG (Gain1914).
Polyphysaceae
Acetabularia polyphysoides P. Crouan et H. Crouanex Schramm et MazeSP (Weisscher 1983).
Acetabularia parvula Solms-LaubachPS (Paula et al. 1992); DG (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Myrionema strangulans GrevilleM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); DG (Levring 1974, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Elachistaceae
Elachista intermedia P. Crouan et H. CrouanM (Levring 1974); SG (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978).
Leptonematella fasciculata (Reinke) P. C. SilvaSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
SphacelarialesChoristocarpaceae
Discosporangium mesarthrocarpum (Meneghini)HauckPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Sphacelariaceae
Sphacelaria cirrosa (Roth) C. AgardhM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982,1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985, Prud’homme vanReine et al. 1994); PS (Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG (Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Weisscher1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine, 1985).
5 Sphacelaria hystrix Suhr ex Reinke 2 M (Men-ezes 1926, Levring 1974, Augier 1985); SG (Gain1914, Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978).
Sphacelaria nana Nägeli ex KützingM and PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985).
5 Sphacelaria britannica Sauvageau 2 M and PS(Levring 1974).
Sphacelaria rigidula KützingPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Halopteris filicina (Grateloup) KützingM (Gain 1914, Menezes 1926, Levring 1974,Weisscher 1982, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher1982, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); Desertas (Cabioch1974); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978,Weisscher 1982, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); IF
Checklist of marine plants of Madeira 397
(Weisscher 1982, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Cladostephus spongiosus (Hudson) C. Agardhforma spongiosus 2 M and PS (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).5 Cladostephus spongiosus (Hudson) C. Agardhforma verticillatus (Lightfoot) Prud’homme vanReine - M, PS and SG (Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).5 Cladostephus verticillatus (Lightfoot) C. Agardh2 M (Levring 1974, Augier 1985); PS (Levring1974).
DictyotalesDictyotaceae
Dictyopteris polypodioides (De Candole) J. V. La-mouroux
5 Dictyopteris membranacea (Stackhouse) Batters2 M and PS (Levring 1974, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); DG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984);Desertas (Cabioch 1974); SG (Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Dictyota bartayresiana J. V. Lamouroux5 Dictyota bartayresii J. V. Lamouroux 2 PS andDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Dictyota cervicornis KützingPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-
homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Dictyota ciliolata Sonder ex KützingPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J. V. LamourouxM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992);Desertas (Cabioch 1974, Weisscher 1983); DG (Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Dictyota volubilis Kützing 2 PS (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Dictyota dichotoma var. intricata (C. Agardh) Gre-ville
5 Dictyota divaricata J. V. Lamouroux 2 PS andDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).5 Dictyota linearis (C. Agardh) Greville 2 M andPS (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); DG(Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Piccone 1884, Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al.1978, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Dictyota fasciola (Roth) J. V. LamourouxM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS, DG and SP (Levring1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Gain and Mirande 1912, Levring 1974,Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); IF(Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine, 1985).
5Dilophus fasciola (Roth) Howe 2 SG (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978).
Dictyota kohlmeyeri (Nizamuddin et Gerloff)Hörning, Schnetter et Prud’homme van ReineSP (Weisscher 1983).
Dictyota spiralis MontagneDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
398 A. I. Neto et al.
Lobophora variegata (J. V. Lamouroux) Womersleyex OliveiraM (Weisscher 1982, 1983); PS (Weisscher 1982, 1983,Paula et al. 1992); SG and IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983);SP (Weisscher 1983).
5 Pocockiella variegata (J. V. Lamouroux) Papen-fuss 2 M (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez etal. 1978, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); DG (Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP and IF (Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).5 Zonaria variegata J. V. Lamouroux 2 M (Men-ezes 1926).
Padina pavonica (Linne) ThivyM (Piccone 1884, Gain 1914, Menezes 1926, Levring1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Augier 1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS(Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); Desertas (Cabioch1974); DG (Gain 1914, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982,1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Gain and Mir-ande 1912, Gain 1914, Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguezet al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SP (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Stypopodium zonale (J. V. Lamouroux) PapenfussPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
5 Zonaria lobata C. Agardh 2 M (Menezes 1926).
Taonia atomaria (Woodward) J. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Augier 1985); Desertas (Cabioch1974, Weisscher 1983); DG (Audiffred and Weisscher1984); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Zonaria tournefortii (J. V. Lamouroux) MontagneM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Prud’homme van Reine etal. 1994, Paula et al. 1992); Selvagens (Pickering andHansen 1969); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez etal. 1978, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985).
5 Zonaria flava (Clemente y Rubio) C. Agardh 2M and DG (Gain 1914).
CutlerialesCutleriaceae
Cutleria multifida (J. E. Smith) GrevilleSG (Gain 1914).
Nemacystus erythraeus (J. Agardh) SauvageauPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, deJong and Prud’homme van Reine 1997); SG (Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Nemacystus flexuosus (C. Agardh) Kylin var. flexuo-susM (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984);PS (de Jong and Prud’homme van Reine 1997); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SP (Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Giraudia sphacelariodes Derbes et SolierM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983); Selvagens (Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984); SP (Weisscher 1983).
Punctariaceae
Asperococcus fistulosus (Hudson) W. J. Hooker5 Asperococcus echinatus Greville 2 M (Menezes1926, Levring 1974).
SporochnalesSporochnaceae
Sporochnus bolleanus MontagneM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Sporochnus pedunculatus (Hudson) C. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Augier 1985).
DesmarestialesArthrocladiaceae
Arthrocladia villosa (Hudson) DubyM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
LaminarialesLaminariaceae
(Laminaria saccharina C. Agardh)M (Menezes 1926, recorded as drift plants).
FucalesFucaceae
(Ascophyllum nodosum (Linne) Jolis)M and PS (Menezes 1926, recorded as drift plants).
Sargassaceae
Sargassum desfontainesii (Turner) C. AgardhM (Piccone 1884, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Augier 1985); DG (Pic-cone 1884, Gain 1914, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984); SG (Gain and Mirande 1912,Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Prud’homme
van Reine et al. 1994); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984).
(Sargassum natans (Linne) Gaillon)M (Levring 1974); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguezet al. 1978). Recorded as drift plants.
5 Sargassum bacciferum C. Agardh 2 M (Menezes1926); Selvagens (Pickering and Hansen 1969); SG(Piccone 1884).
Sargassum vulgare C. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985, Prud’homme van Reine etal. 1994); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Gil-Rodrıguez etal. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); SP (Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh var. diversifolium2 SG (Gain 1914).5 misidentified as Sargassum albertisii Piccone 2SG (Piccone 1884).5 misidentified as Sargassum fissifolium (Martens)J. Agardh 2 M and SG (Piccone 1884).
Cystoseiraceae
Cystoseira abies-marina (S. G. Gmelin) C. AgardhM (Piccone 1884, Gain 1914, Levring 1974,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); Selvagens(Pickering and Hansen 1969); SG (Piccone 1884,Gain and Mirande 1912, Gain 1914, Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Cystoseira compressa (Esper) Gerloff et NizamuddinM (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Augier 1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS(Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paulaet al. 1992); SG (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Prud’homme vanReine et al. 1994); SP and IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
5 Cystoseira abrotanifolia (Linne) C. Agardh 2SG (Piccone 1884).5 misidentified as Cystoseira barbata C. Agardhvar. pumila Montagne 2 M (Piccone 1884).
400 A. I. Neto et al.
5 Cystoseira fimbriata (Desf.) Børgesen 2 M andSG (Levring 1974).
Cystoseira foeniculacea (Linne) GrevilleM, PS, SG and SP (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Cystoseira discors (Linne) C. Agardh 2 M (Gain1914, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983); PS (Levring1974, Weisscher 1983); SP (Weisscher 1983).
Cystoseira humilis KützingM (Levring 1974, Augier 1985, Prud’homme vanReine et al. 1994); PS (Levring 1974, Paula et al.1992); DG (Levring 1974); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Prud’homme van Reine et al.1994).
5 Cystoseira humilis Kützing var. humilis 2 M(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Prud’-homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS, DG, SG andSP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).5 Cystoseira barbata J. Agardh 2 M (Piccone1884, Menezes 1926); SG (Piccone 1884).5 Cystoseira canariensis Sauvageau 2 SG (Gainand Mirande 1912, Gain 1914).
Cystoseira nodicaulis (Withering) RobertsM (Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994).
5 Cystoseira granulata (Turner) C. Agardh sensuGreville 2 M (Piccone 1884).
Liagora canariensis BørgesenM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); DG (Levring1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SP (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Liagora ceranoides J. V. LamourouxM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Kvaterick and Afonso-Carrillo 1995); PS(Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); Selva-gens (Kvaterick and Afonso-Carrillo 1995); SG(Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Gil-Rodrıguez etal. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Liagora pulverulenta C. Agardh 2 M (Menezes1926).
Liagora distenta (Mertens ex Roth) C. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985, Kvaterick and Afonso-Car-rillo 1995); PS (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985); Selvagens (Kvaterick and Afonso-
Carrillo 1995); SG and SP (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
5 Liagora complanata C. Agardh 2 Selvagens(Pickering and Hansen 1969).
Liagora gymnarthron BørgesenM (Kvaterick and Afonso-Carrillo 1995); SG (cf.,Audiffred and Weisscher 1981).
Liagora maderensis KützingM (Kvaternik and Afonso-Carrillo 1995).
Liagora tetrasporifera BørgesenPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Paula et al. 1992); DG (Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Liagora valida HarveyM (Levring 1974, Augier 1985).
5 Liagora fragilis Zanardini 2 M (Prud’hommevan Reine et al. 1994).
Liagora viscida (Forskal) C. AgardhPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Kvaterick and Afonso-Carrillo 1995).
Galaxauraceae
Galaxaura obtusata (J. Ellis et Solander) J. V. La-mouroux
5 Galaxaura umbellata Montagne 2 M (Gain1914).
Galaxaura rugosa (J. Ellis et Solander) J. V. Lamour-ouxSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
5 Galaxaura flagelliformis Kjellman 2 M(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984);Selvagens (Pickering and Hansen 1969); SG(Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984);.5 Galaxaura squalida Kjellman 2 SG (Audiffredand Weisscher 1984).
Scinaia complanata (Collins) CottonM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Scinaia furcellata (Turner) J. AgardhM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);Desertas (Cabioch 1974); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
402 A. I. Neto et al.
Tricleocarpa fragilis (Linne) Huisman et Townsend5 Galaxaura oblongata (J. Ellis et Solander) J. V.Lamouroux 2 Selvagens (Pickering and Hansen1969); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al.1978).
GelidialesGelidiaceae
Gelidiopsis intricata (C. Agardh) VickersDG and SG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985).
Gelidium corneum (Hudson) J. V. LamourouxM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974); DG (Gain 1914).
Pterocladiella capillacea (Gmelin) Santelices et Hom-mersandM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS and DG (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Gain 1914, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Gelidiellaceae
Gelidiella ramellosa (Kützing) J. Feldmann et G. Ha-melM (Augier 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguezet al. 1978).
Gelidiella pannosa (J. Feldmann) J. Feldmann etG. Hamel
5 Gelidiella tenuissima J. Feldmann and G. Hamel2 M (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher1984); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984).
GracilarialesGracilariaceae
Gracilaria armata (C. Agardh) GrevilleM (Levring 1974).
Gracilaria conferta (Schousboe ex Montagne) J. Feld-mann et G. FeldmannM (Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994).
Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) PapenfussM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); Desertas (Cabioch 1974).
BonnemaisonialesNaccariaceae
Atractophora hypnoides P. Crouan et H. CrouanM (Levring 1974).
Bonnemaisoniaceae
Asparagopsis armata HarveyM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985); DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Phase Falkenbergia rufolanosa (Harvey) F. SchmitzM (Neto, personal observations).
Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) TrevisanM and DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al.1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Phase Falkenbergia hillebrandii (Bornet) FalkenbergPS and DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
CryptonemialesAcrosymphytaceae
Acrosymphyton purpuriferum (J. Agardh) G. SjöstedtM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Dumontiaceae
Dudresnaya verticillata (Withering) Le JolisM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audif-
Checklist of marine plants of Madeira 403
fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Halymeniaceae
Cryptonemia lomation (Bertolini) J. AgardhM (Levring 1974).
Grateloupia filicina (J. V. Lamouroux) C. AgardhM (Schmidt 1931).
Halymenia floresia (Clemente y Rubio) C. AgardhM (Levring 1974).
Halymenia hancockii TaylorPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Kallymeniaceae
Kallymenia reniformis (Turner) J. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Augier 1985).
Meredithia microphylla (J. Agardh) J. Agardh5 Kallymenia microphylla J. Agardh 2 M (Levring1974).
Gloiosiphoniaceae
Thuretella schousboei (Turpin) F. SchmitzM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Peyssonneliaceae
Peyssonnelia armorica (P. Crouan et H. Crouan) We-ber-van Bosse
5 Cruoriopsis rosenvingii Børgesen 2 M (Levring1974).
Peyssonnelia dubyi P. L. Crouan et H. M. CrouanM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Peyssonnelia inamoena PilgerPS and DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985).
Peyssonnelia rubra (Greville) J. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); Desertas (Cabioch 1974);DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Polystrata dura HeydrichDG (Cabioch, 1974).
HildenbrandialesHildenbrandiaceae
Hildenbrandia rubra (Sommerfelt) Meneghini5 Hildenbrandia prototypus Nardo 2 M (Levring1974).
CorallinalesCorallinaceae
Amphiroa beauvoisii J. V. LamourouxM (Levring 1974, Augier 1985).
Amphiroa cryptarthrodia ZanardiniM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Amphiroa ? fragilissima (Linne) J. V. Lamouroux 2M (Levring 1974). Material not found in theLevring collections at the time of this study.
Amphiroa rigida J. V. LamourouxM (Levring 1974).
Choreonema thuretii (Bornet) F. SchmitzM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS, DG and SG (Levring1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982,1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Corallina elongata J. Ellis et SolanderM and SG (Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); DG(Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Corallina officinalis LinneM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier1985); PS (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Paula et al. 1992); DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Piccone 1884, Gain 1914, Levring 1974, Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Haliptilon virgatum (Zanardini) Garbary et J. W. Jo-hannsenM (Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); DG (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Corallina granifera J. Ellis et Solander 2 M, SGand IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).5 Jania granifera Decaisne 2 SG (Gain and Mir-ande 1912, Gain 1914).
Hydrolithon farinosum (J. V. Lamouroux) D. Penroseet Y. M. Chamberlain
5 Fosliella farinosa (J. V. Lamouroux) Howe 2 Mand SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred
404 A. I. Neto et al.
and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Prud’hommevan Reine et al. 1994); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); Desertas (Cabioch 1974);DG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SP (Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).5 Melobesia farinosa J. V. Lamouroux 2 M (Pic-cone 1884, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Augier1985); Desertas, SP and IF (Weisscher 1983); SG(Piccone 1884).
Jania adhaerens J. V. LamourouxPS (Paula et al. 1992); DG (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Jania capillacea HarveyPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Jania corniculata (Linne) J. V. LamourouxPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Jania longifurca ZanardiniM (Levring 1974).
Jania pumila J. V. LamourouxSG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978).
Jania rubens (Linne) J. V. LamourouxM (Gain 1914, Menezes 1926, Levring 1974,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG (Weisscher 1983);SG and SP (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
5 Corallina rubens Lamouroux 2 DG (Gain 1914).
Litophyllum corallinae (P. Crouan et H. Crouan)Heydrich
Lithophyllum orbiculatum (Foslie) Foslie5 Crodelia orbiculata (Foslie) Kylin 2 M (Levring1974, Augier 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978).
Lithophyllum pustulatum (J. V. Lamouroux) Foslie5 Dermatolithon pustulatum (J. V. Lamouroux)Foslie 2 M (Levring 1974, Augier 1985).5 Dermatolithon hapalidioides (P. L. Crouan etH. M. Crouan) Foslie 2 M and PS (Levring 1974);SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978).
Gymnogongrus griffithsiae (Turner) MartiusM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al.1978, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Gigartinaceae
Chondracanthus acicularis (Roth) Fredericq5 Gigartina acicularis (Roth) J. V. Lamouroux 2M (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Au-gier 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Piccone 1884,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985, Prud’homme vanReine et al. 1994); SP (Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Gigartina pistillata (S. Gmelin) StackhouseM (Levring 1974).
Halarachnion ligulatum (Woodward) KützingPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Hypneaceae
Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) J. V. LamourouxM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Haroun and Prud’homme
van Reine 1993); PS and DG (Levring 1974,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); Desertas(Cabioch 1974); Selvagens (Haroun and Prud’hommevan Reine 1993); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguezet al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Hypnea spinella (C. Agardh) KützingM and Selvagens (Haroun and Prud’homme vanReine 1993).
5 Hypnea cervicornis J. Agardh 2 M (Levring1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992);DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez etal. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SP (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Caulacanthaceae
Catenella caespitosa (Withering) L. M. IrvineM and DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985).
5 Catenella repens (Lightfoot) Batters 2 M andDG (Levring 1974).
Botryocladia boergesenii J. FeldmannSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SP (Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
406 A. I. Neto et al.
Botryocladia botryoides (Wulfen) J. FeldmannM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-gier 1985); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
5 Chrysymenia uvaria (Linne) J. Agardh 2 SG(Gain and Mirande 1912, Gain 1914).
Botryocladia chiajeana (Meneghini) KylinM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS and DG (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Botryocladia guineensis JohnPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Botryocladia microphysa (Hauck) KylinM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Chrysymenia bullosa LevringM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Rhodymenia pseudopalmata (J. V. Lamouroux) P. C.SilvaM and SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); DG (Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Champia parvula (C. Agardh) HarveyM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG and SP (Gil-Rodrıguezet al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Chylocladia verticillata (Lightfoot) BlidingPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Lomentariaceae
Lomentaria articulata (Hudson) LyngbyeM (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (? Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985); DG (Gain 1914, Levring 1974, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985.
CeramialesCeramiaceae
Aglaothamnion byssoides (Arnott ex Harvey)L’Hardy-Halos et Rueness
5 Callithamnion byssoides Arnott 2 M (Levring1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);PS (Paula et al. 1992); DG (Levring 1974, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine, 1985).5 Aglaothamnion furcellariae (J. Agardh) Feld-mann-Mazoyer 2 M, DG and SP (Weisscher1983).
Aglaothamnion hookeri (Dillwyn) Maggs et Hommer-sand
5 Callithamnion brodiaei Harvey 2 M (Levring1974, Augier 1985).
Anotrichium barbatum (C. Agardh) Nägeli5 Griffithsia barbata (J. E. Smith) C. Agardh 2 PS(Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Anotrichium furcellatum (J. Agardh) Baldock5 Corynospora furcellata (J. Agardh) Levring 2 Mand DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Anotrichium tenue (C. Agardh) Nägeli5 Griffithsia tenuis C. Agardh 2 M (Levring 1974,Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Augier 1985); PS (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982,1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); DG (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982,1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Antithamnion cruciatum (C. Agardh) NägeliM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS andDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Antithamnionella boergesenii (Cormaci et Furnari)Athanasiadis
5 Antithamnion elegans Berthold 2 M (Levring1974, Weisscher 1983, Augier 1985); SG and SP(Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983).
Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) MontagneM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS and DG (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Gil-Rodrıguez etal. 1978, Weisscher 1982, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);IF (Weisscher 1982, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Ceramium ciliatum (J. Ellis) DucluzeauM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985, Prud’homme van Reine etal. 1994); PS (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); SG (Gainand Mirande 1912, Gain 1914, Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985); SP (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez etal. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Ceramium codii (Richards) Feldmann-MazoyerSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SP (Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984.
Ceramium comptum BørgesenDesertas (Cabioch 1974).
Ceramium deslongchampsii Chauvin ex Duby5 Ceramium strictum (Kützing) Harvey 2 M(Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Augier 1985); DG(Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Ceramium diaphanum (Lightfoot) RothM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985, Prud’homme van Reine etal. 1994); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Au-
diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SP and IF (Weisscher 1982,1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Ceramium echionotum J. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985, Prud’homme van Reine etal. 1994); PS (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); DG (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG (Gain and Mirande1912, Gain 1914, Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al.1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SP and IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Ceramium flaccidum (Kützing) Ardissone5 Ceramium gracillimum (Kützing) Griffiths etHarvey 2 M (Levring 1974, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS and DG (Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG and SP(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).5 Ceramium gracillimum var. byssoideum (Harvey)Mazoyer 2 M and SP (Weisscher 1983).
Ceramium nodulosum (Lightfoot) Ducluzeau5 Ceramium rubrum C. Agardh 2 M (Gain 1914,Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984); PS (Paula et al. 1992); DG (Gain1914, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SG (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Audiffred and Weisscher1984).
Compsothamnion thuyoides (J. E. Smith) NägeliM (Levring 1974); SG (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978).
Crouania attenuata (C. Agardh) J. AgardhM and DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG and SP (Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978,Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Griffithsia capitata BørgesenM (Levring 1974).
Griffithsia opuntioides J. AgardhM (Levring 1974).
408 A. I. Neto et al.
Griffithsia schousboei MontagneM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Gymnothamnion elegans (Schousboe ex C. Agardh)J. AgardhM (Levring 1974).
Monosporus pedicellatus (J. E. Smith) Solier5 Corynospora pedicellata (J. E. Smith) J. Agardh2 M (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); DG (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Pleonosporium borreri (J. E. Smith) Nägeli ex HauckM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985, Prud’homme van Reine etal. 1994); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985); DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Ptilothamnion pluma (Dillwyn) ThuretSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) HarveyM (Gain 1914, Menezes 1926, Levring 1974,Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS(Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al.1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SP and IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Spyridia hypnoides (Bory) PapenfussM, SG and SP (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Wrangelia argus (Montagne) MontagneM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Wrangelia penicillata (C. Agardh) C. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG(Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Hypoglossum woodwardii Kützing 2 M (Levring1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); Desertas (Cabioch1974); DG and SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Taenioma nanum (Kützing) Papenfuss5 Taenioma macrourum Thuret 2 M (Levring1974).
Taenioma perpusillum (J. Agardh) J. AgardhM (Weisscher 1983); PS and DG (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Dasyaceae
Dasya baillouviana (S. Gmelin) MontagneM and SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Dasya pedicellata C. Agardh 2 M (Levring1974).
Dasya corymbifera J. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al.1992); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Dasya hutchinsiae HarveyM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
5 Dasya arbuscula (Dillwyn) C. Agardh 2 SG(Menezes 1926, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Dasya ocellata (Grateloup) HarveyM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Paula et al. 1992); DG (Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Dasya rigidula (Kützing) ArdissoneM (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS(Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audif-
fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Halydictyon mirabile ZanardiniPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Heterosiphonia crispella (C. Agardh) M. J. Wynne5 Heterosiphonia wurdemanni (Baillard) Falken-berg 2 M (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud-’homme van Reine 1985, Augier 1985); PS and DG(Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978,Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SP and IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).5 Heterosiphonia crispella var. laxa (Børgesen)Wynne 2 M (Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994).
Rhodomelaceae
Alsidium corallinum C. AgardhM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Boergeseniella fruticulosa (Wulfen) KylinDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Chondria capillaris (Hudson) Wynne5 Chondria tenuissima (Goodenough et Wood-ward) C. Agardh 2 M (Levring 1974, Weisscher1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS andDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Gain and Mirande 1912, Gain 1914, Levring1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982,1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Gil-Rodrıguezet al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); and IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Chondria dasyphylla (Woodward) C. AgardhM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud-’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
5 Laurencia corallopsis (Montagne) M. Howe 2Selvagens (Gil-Rodrıguez and Haroun 1992 inJohn et al. 1994).
410 A. I. Neto et al.
Chondrophycus perforatus (Bory de Saint-Vincent)K. W. Nam
5 Laurencia perforata (Bory de Saint-Vincent)Montagne 2 M (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984);SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984).
Ctenosiphonia hypnoides (Welwitsch ex J. Agardh)FalkenbergPS (Paula et al. 1992); DG (Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Dipterosiphonia dendritica (C. Agardh) F. SchmitzM and PS (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); IF(Weisscher 1982, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Dipterosiphonia rigens (Schousboe ex C. Agardh) Fal-kenbergM (Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Erythrocystis montagnei (Derbes et Solier) P. C. SilvaPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Paula et al. 1992); SG, SP and IF (Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
5 Ricardia montagnei Derbes and Solier 2 SG(Gain and Mirande 1912, Gain 1914, Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983);SP (Weisscher 1983); IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983).
Halopithys incurvus (Hudson) BattersM and PS (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al. 1992).
5 Herposiphonia tenella (C. Agardh) Ambronn 2M (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985, Augier 1985); PS (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); Desertas (Cabioch1974); DG and SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine, 1985); SP(Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); IF (Weisscher 1982,1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).5 Herposiphonia tenella var. secunda Hollenberg 2M, SG and SP (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS andDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) J. V. LamourouxM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985, Gil-Rodrıguez and Haroun1992, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS(Levring 1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Paula et al. 1992); DG (Gain 1914,Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Gain and Mirande 1912, Gain 1914, Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Au-diffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985); SP (Gil-Rodrıguez et al.1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985,Gil-Rodrıguez and Haroun 1992); IF (Weisscher1982, 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Gil-Rodrıguez andHaroun 1992).
Laurencia viridis Gil-Rodrıguez et HarounPS, SP and IF (Gil-Rodrıguez and Haroun 1992).
Lophocladia trichoclados (C. Agardh) F. SchmitzM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Lophosiphonia cristata FalkenbergSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Lophosiphonia reptabunda (Suhr ex Kützing) KylinPS and DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP (Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Osmundea hybrida (De Candole) K. W. NamM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al.1992); DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Checklist of marine plants of Madeira 411
Osmundea osmunda (S. Gmelin) Maggs et Hommer-sand
5 Laurencia pinnatifida (Hudson) J. V. Lamourouxvar. osmunda (S. Gmelin) Kützing 2 M (Prud’-homme van Reine et al. 1994).
Osmundea pinnatifida (Hudson) StackhouseM (Menezes 1926, Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Paulaet al. 1992); DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SP (Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985).
Polysiphonia atlantica Kapraun et J. N. Norris5 Polysiphonia macrocarpa Harvey 2 M (Levring1974, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguezet al. 1978, Weisscher 1982, 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984); SP and IF (Weisscher 1982, 1983,Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Polysiphonia denudata (Dillwyn) Greville ex HarveyM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS and SG (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia elongata (Hudson) SprengelM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia erythraea (Schousboe) J. AgardhSG (Gain and Mirande 1912, Gain 1914, Levring1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978).
Polysiphonia ferulacea Suhr ex J. AgardhM and DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia flexella (C. Agardh) J. AgardhPS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SG(Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia foetidissima Cocks ex BornetSP (Weisscher 1983).
Polysiphonia fucoides (Hudson) Greville5 Polysiphonia violacea (Roth) Greville - M(Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994);PS (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
5 Polysiphonia violacea var. subulata (Ducluzeau)Hauck 2 PS and SG (Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia furcellata (C. Agardh) HarveyM (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Augier1985, Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994); PS (Audif-fred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985, Paula et al.1992); DG (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Weisscher1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985);SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia havanensis MontagneSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SP (Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Polysiphonia opaca (C. Agardh) Morris et De NotarisM (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andWeisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); PS and DG (Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG (Levring 1974,Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985, Augier 1985); SP (Weisscher 1983, Audif-fred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’hommevan Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia scopulorum Harvey5 Lophosiphonia scopulorum (Harvey) Womersley -DG (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred andPrud’homme van Reine 1985); SG and SP (Levring1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al. 1978, Weisscher 1983,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia sertularioides (Grateloup) J. AgardhPS (Paula et al. 1992).
Polysiphonia sphaerocarpa BørgesenSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984); SP (Weisscher1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Polysiphonia subulata (Ducluzeau) J. AgardhM and SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Polysiphonia tepida HollenbergDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Polysiphonia tripinnata J. AgardhPS and DG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine1985); SG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Audiffredand Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Rytiphlaea tinctoria (Clemente y Rubio) C. AgardhM and PS (Levring 1974, Weisscher 1983, Audiffredand Weisscher 1984, Audiffred and Prud’homme vanReine 1985); SG (Levring 1974, Gil-Rodrıguez et al.1978, Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984,Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985); SP(Weisscher 1983, Audiffred and Weisscher 1984, Au-diffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
412 A. I. Neto et al.
Table I. Comparison of the marine flora from selected Macaronesian archipelagos.
Chlorophycota Chromophycota Rhodophycota Total References
Ceramium fastigiatum (Roth) HarveyM (Piccone 1884, Prud’homme van Reine et al.1994). Material could not be located in W. herbar-ium. It might be C. diaphanum (Lightfoot) Roth orC. cimbricum H. Petersen.
Chondria curvilineata Collins et HarveySP (Weisscher 1983). Only a photograph and draw-ing were found. Specimen was missing from L collec-tions.
Corallina intermedia GrunowM (Grunow 1868). It might be a variety of Jania ru-bens (Linne) J. V. Lamouroux.
Dasya arbuscula (Dillwyn) C. AgardhSG (Gain 1914). The status of this entity is uncertainand requires further investigation according to Dixon(1960) and Maggs and Hommersand (1993).
Haliptilon squamatum (J. Ellis et Solander) John, Ir-vine et Webster
5 Corallina squamata J. Ellis et Solander 2 M(Grunow 1868).
Halymenia bermudensis Collins et HoweSP (Weisscher 1983). Only one small specimen foundin L. Not possible to assign the specific name.
Laurencia cf. nidifica J. AgardhDG (Audiffred and Prud’homme van Reine 1985).
Naccaria corymbosa J. AgardhSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984). Possibly Nacca-ria wiggii (Turner) Endlicher.
ReferencesAfonso-Carrillo, J. and M. Sanson. 1999. Algas, hongos y
fanerogamas marinas de las Islas Canarias. Clave analı-tica. Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de La La-guna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife. pp. 254.
Polysiphonia cf. ceramiaeformis P. Crouan et H.CrouanSP (Weisscher 1983).
Polysiphonia cf. paniculata MontagneSG (Audiffred and Weisscher 1984).
Rhodophyllis maderensis LevringM and PS (Levring 1974, Audiffred and Prud’-homme van Reine 1985). Laboratory studies on thisspecies indicate no clear difference with Rhodophyllisdivaricata (Stackhouse) Papenfuss.
Sargassum ledingerum (Linne) C. Agardh forma hum-ilis GrunowM (Prud’homme van Reine et al. 1994). Material notfound in W collections at the time of this study.
Summary
The number of macroalgal species found in the presentstudy (Table I) is significantly lower than the ones re-corded for the Canaries or the British Isles (642, see inGuiry 1997), but slightly higher than the one recordedfor the Azores. The archipelago of Madeira, therefore,occupies an intermediate position between the Azoresand the Canaries archipelagos. In agreement withPrud’homme van Reine and van den Hoek (1990) themarine algal flora of the Madeira archipelago is closelyrelated to the flora of the Canaries, especially regard-ing the red algae, while the green and brown algal florais more similar to that of the Azores.
Recent collections and personal observations indi-cate the number of species recorded for the Madeiraarchipelago and will increase in the near future.
Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the staff of the formerRijksherbarium Leiden, now Universiteit Leidenbranch of the National Herbarium Nederland, espe-cially Dr W. F. Prud’homme van Reine and Dr P. A.J. Audiffred, and of the Museu Municipal do Funchal,especially Drs M. Biscoito and A. D. Abreu.
Accepted 16 March 2001.
Audiffred, P. A. J. and F. L. M. Weisscher. 1984. Marinealgae of Selvagem Grande (Salvage Islands, Macar-onesia) (Cancap Project Contribution No.37). Bol. Mus.Mun. Funchal 36 (156): 5237.
Checklist of marine plants of Madeira 413
Audiffred, P. A. J. and W. F. Prud’homme van Reine. 1985.Marine algae of Ilha do Porto Santo and DesertaGrande (Madeira Archipelago) (Cancap Project Contri-butions No.40). Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal 37 (166):20251.
Augier, H. 1985. Premiere contribution a la cartographiedes biocenoses marines benthiques de l’ıle de Madere.Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal 37 (168): 862129.
Bornet, E. 1892. Les algues de P.-K.-A. Schousboe, recol-tees au Maroc et dans la Mediterranee de 1815 a 1829.Mem. Soc. nat. Sci. nat. et Mat. Cherbourg 28: 1652376,3 pls.
Brummitt, R. J. and C. E. Powell. 1992. Authors of PlantNames. A List of Authors of Scientific Names of Plants,with Recommended Standard Forms of These Names In-cluding Abbreviations. Kew Royal Botanic Gardens.pp. 732.
Cabioch, J. 1974. Un fond de maerl de l’Archipel de Madereet son peuplement vegetal. Bull. Soc. Phycol. France 19:74282.
de Jong, Y. S. D. M. and W. F. Prud’homme van Reine.1997. A review of the genus Nemacystus (Spermatoch-naceae, Chordariales, Phaeophyceae), including phylo-genetic and biogeographical hypotheses. Nova Hedwigia64: 1240.
Dixon, P. S. 1960. Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes onthe Florideae. II. Bot. Not. 113: 2952319.
Gain, L. 1914. Algues provenant des Campagnes de l’Hir-ondelle II (191121912). Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. Monaco279: 1223.
Gain, L. and R. Mirande. 1912. Note sur les algues recueil-lies par M. L. Garreta aux ıles Salvages et Canaries.Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 18: 4792481.
Gil-Rodrıguez, M. C. and R. J. Haroun. 1992. Laurenciaviridis sp. nov. (Ceramiales, Rhodomelaceae) from theMacaronesian Archipelagos. Bot. Mar. 35: 2272237.
Gil-Rodrıguez, M. C., J. R. Acebes Ginoves and P. L. Perezde Paz. 1978. Contribucion al estudio de la historia nat-ural de las Islas Salvages. Resultados de la ExpedicionCientifica Agamenon 76. Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Cana-rias: 45272.
Greuter, W., F. Barrie, H. M. Burdet, W. G. Chaloner,V. Demoulin, D. L. Hawksworth, P. M. Jorgensen,D. H. Nicolson, P. C. Silva, P. Trehane and J. McNeill(eds). 1994. International Code of Botanical Nomencla-ture (Tokyo code) Adopted by the Fifteenth InternationalCongress, Yokohama, August2September, 1993. KoeltzScientific Books, Königstein. pp. xviii 1 389.
Grunow, A. 1868. Algen der Novarra Expedition(185721859) from Madeira. In: (E. Fenzl, ed.) Reise derÖsterreichischen Fregatte Novarra Expedition (185721859) from Madeira. Botanischer Theil, 1. Sporenpflan-zer. Kaiserl.-König L. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien.pp. 12104, 11 tab.
Guiry, M. D. 1997. Benthic red, brown and green algae.In: (C. M. Howson and B. E. Picton, eds) The speciesdirectory of the marine fauna and flora of the BritishIsles and surrounding seas. Ulster Museum Publication276: 3412367.
Haroun, R. J. and W. F Prud’homme van Reine. 1993. Abiogeographical study of Laurencia and Hypnea speciesof the Macaronesian Region. Courier Forsch.- Inst.Senckenberg 159: 1192125.
Holmgren, P. K., N. H. Holmgren and L. C. Barnett. 1990.Index herbarium. Part I. The herbaria of the world.Eighth edition. Regnum Vegetabile 120: 12693.
Hörnig, I., R. Schnetter and W. F. Prud’homme van Reine.1992 a. The genus Dictyota (Phaeophyceae) in the NorthAtlantic. I. A new generic concept and new species. NovaHedwigia 54: 45262.
Hörnig, I., R. Schnetter and W. F. Prud’homme van Reine.1992 b. The genus Dictyota (Phaeophyceae) in the NorthAtlantic. II. Key to the species. Nova Hedwigia 54:3972402.
Hörnig, I., R. Schnetter and W. F. Prud’homme van Reine.1993. Additional notes to “The genus Dictyota (Phaeo-phyceae) in the North Atlantic. I. A new generic conceptand new species.” Correction and validation of newcombinations in the genus Dictyota. Nova Hedwigia 56:1692171.
John, D. M., G. W. Lawson, J. H. Price, W. F. Prud’hommevan Reine and W. J. Woekerling. 1994. Seaweeds of thewestern coasts of tropical Africa and adjacent islands: acritical assessment. IV. Rhodophyta (Floridea) 4. L-O.Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London (Bot.) 24 (1): 49290.
Kvaternik, D. and J. Afonso-Carrillo. 1995. The red algalgenus Liagora (Liagoraceae, Rhodophyta) from the Ca-nary Islands. Phycologia 34: 4292447.
Levring, T. 1974. The marine algae of the Archipelago ofMadeira. Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal 28 (125): 52111.
Maggs, C. A. and M. H. Hommersand. 1993. Seaweedsof the British Isles. V 1. Rhodophyta. Part 3A Cerami-ales. The Natural History Museum, London. pp. xv1 444.
Menezes, C. A. 1926. Contribuicao para o estudo das algasda Madeira. Broteria, ser. bot. 22: 71278.
Nam, K. W. 1999. Morphology of Chondrophycus undulataand C. parvipapillata and its implications for the taxon-omy of the Laurencia (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) com-plex. Eur. J. Phycol. 34: 4552468.
Neto, A. I. 1994. Checklist of the benthic marine macroal-gae of the Azores. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences12 A: 15234.
Paula, J., M. T. Lopes and L. C. da Fonseca. 1992. Inter-tidal communities of rocky shores of Porto Santo island,following the “Aragon” oil spill. In: Preliminary Assess-ment of the Effects of the Aragon Oil Spill in Porto SantoIsland. Laboratorio Marıtimo da Guia, Cascais.D12D571DI2DXVII.
Pedersen, P. M. 1983. Notes on marine benthic algae fromMadeira in nature and culture. Bocagiana 70: 128.
Piccone, A. 1884. Crociera del Corsaro alle isole Maderae Canarie del capitano Enrico d’Albertis. Alghe. NuovoGiornale Botanico Italiano 16: 1260.
Pickering, C. H. C. and A. Hansen. 1969. Scientific expedi-tion to the Salvage Islands July 1963: list of higherplants and Cryptogams known from the Salvage Islands.Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal 24: 63272.
Prud’homme van Reine, W. F. 1988. Phytogeography ofseaweeds of the Azores. Helgoländ. Wissenschaft. Mee-resunters 42: 1652185.
Prud’homme van Reine, W. F. and C. van den Hoek. 1990.Biogeography of Macaronesian seaweeds. CourierForsch.-Inst. Senckenberg 129: 55273.
414 A. I. Neto et al.
Prud’homme van Reine, W. F., R. J. Haroun and P. A. J.Audiffred. 1994. A reinvestigation of Macaronesian sea-weeds as studied by A. Piccone. With remarks on thoseby A. Grunow. Nova Hedwigia 58: 672121.
Reyes, J. and J. Afonso-Carrillo. 1993. Morphology andanatomy of Mesophyllum canariense (Corallinaceae,Rhodophyta) from the Canary Islands. Courier Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg 159: 1272132.
Schmidt, O. C. 1931. Die marine Vegetation der Azoren inihren Grundzügen dargestellt. Biblioth. Bot. 24(102):12116, 20 Tafeln.
Silva, P. C., P. W. Basson and R. L. Moe. 1996. Catalogueof the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean. Univ.California Publ. Bot. 79: xiv 1 1259.
Weisscher, F. C. M. 1982. Marine algae from Ilheu de Fora(Salvage Islands) (Cancap-Project ContributionsNo.13). Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal 34 (144): 23234.
Weisscher, F. C. M. 1983. Marine algae from SelvagemPequena (Salvage Islands) (Cancap-Project Con-tributions No. 19). Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal 35 (152):41280.
Wirtz, P. 1995. One vascular plant and ten invertebratespecies new to the marine flora and fauna of Ma-deira. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences 13A: 1192123.
Wynne, M. J. 1998. A checklist of benthic marine algae ofthe tropical and subtropical western Atlantic: first revi-sion. Beih. Nova Hedwigia 116: iii 1 155.
