Chemical Basis of LifeChemical Basis of Life

MixtureMixture

2 or more elements 2 or more elements or compounds or compounds mixed but not mixed but not chemically chemically combined.combined.– Ex- air, soil, saladEx- air, soil, salad

Solution (p 42) Solution (p 42)

A mixture in which A mixture in which one or more one or more substances are substances are uniformly spread uniformly spread out in another out in another substance.substance.– Ex-sugar water, salt Ex-sugar water, salt

waterwater

2 parts to a solution 2 parts to a solution

SolventSolvent- - – does the dissolving does the dissolving

(water)(water) SoluteSolute- -

– gets dissolved (salt, gets dissolved (salt, sugar)sugar)

Acids/BasesAcids/Bases

pH Scale- (p 44)pH Scale- (p 44) 1-141-14 7 = neutral7 = neutral 1-6 = acid1-6 = acid 8-14 = basic (alkaline)8-14 = basic (alkaline)

AcidsAcids

Release hydrogen Release hydrogen ions (H+) into a ions (H+) into a solution.solution.– Ex- hydrochloric Ex- hydrochloric

acid, acid, – HCl HCl H+ + Cl- H+ + Cl-

BasesBases

Release hydroxide Release hydroxide ions (OH-) into a ions (OH-) into a solution.solution.– Ex. sodium Ex. sodium

hydroxidehydroxide– NaOH NaOH Na+ + OH- Na+ + OH-

Inorganic Compounds Inorganic Compounds

Do not contain Do not contain carbon.carbon.– Ex. salt, water, Ex. salt, water,

calcium phosphatecalcium phosphate

Organic Compounds Organic Compounds

Carbon containing Carbon containing compoundscompounds– Ex. carbohydrates, Ex. carbohydrates,

proteins, lipidsproteins, lipids– Contain- C, H, O, NContain- C, H, O, N

Polymerization Polymerization

Process of putting Process of putting together many together many smaller compounds smaller compounds to make large to make large compoundscompounds

MonomersMonomers

Small compounds Small compounds that are put that are put together together

PolymerPolymer

Complex molecule Complex molecule that results that results

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