CHEMICAL BONDING NOTES

Turn to page 1 of your

CHEMICAL BONDING PACKET

Atoms&

Chemical Bonding

Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,

Modified in 2011

NOTES

Valence Electrons

• Electrons in the outermost energy level are known as valence electrons.

• Valence electrons are important because they are the only ones involved in chemical bonding.

Valence Electrons

• Valence electrons can be gained, lost, or shared by atoms during chemical bonding.

• This desire for a certain amount of valence electrons is what causes chemical reactions.

Valence Electrons• How many valence electrons in this atom?

• REMEMBER VALENCE ELECTRONS ARE

ONLY THOSE IN THE OUTER ENERGY

LEVEL

How many valence electrons in this atom?

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0% 1. 1

2. 2

3. 4

4. 6

How many valence electrons in this atom?

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0% 1. 9

2. 7

3. 3

4. 2

How many valence electrons in this atom?

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0%

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0% 1. 1

2. 2

3. 4

4. 88

How many valence electrons in this atom?

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0%

0%

0% 1. 1

2. 2

3. 4

4. 88

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Turn in your COMPLETED TEST ANALYSIS

Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,

Modified in 2011

Atoms&

Chemical Bonding

Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,

Modified in 2011

Element Cards

A.) You will be given a number of element cards.

In groups of 2, arrange the cards into some sense of order according to their

properties

Element Cards

B.) Write down on paper, several ways your group was able to organize the cards based on

their properties (QUESTIONS 1-3)

What do you think was the best way to organize the cards?

Element Cards

C. ) Organize your cards according to the periodic

table

Answer questions 4-7

Element Cards

D.) Return your cards to the plastic bag

E.) Return the plastic bag

F.) Turn to page 1 of your Chemical Bonding Packet

Review Questions

Ready your remote

Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,

Modified in 2011

How many valence electrons in this atom?

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0% 1. 1

2. 2

3. 4

4. 6

How many valence electrons in this atom?

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0% 1. 1

2. 2

3. 4

4. 12

How many valence electrons in this atom?

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2. 2

3. 4

4. 20

How many valence electrons in this atom?

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0% 1. 1

2. 2

3. 4

4. 38

CHEMICAL BONDING NOTES

Turn to page 1 of your

CHEMICAL BONDING PACKET

LEARNING TARGET:

I can predict patterns based on atomic properties of elements

Rows on the Periodic Table

• Rows across the periodic table are known as periods.

• Elements in the same row have the same number of energy levels.

• This outer energy level is often referred to as the valence energy level or the valence shell.

Families on the Periodic Table

• Elements in the same column of the periodic table are known as groups or families.

• Elements in the same family have the same number of valence electrons.

Families & Properties

• Since elements in the same family have the same number of valence electrons, they behave very similarly in a chemical reaction.

• Therefore, atoms in the same family have very similar properties!!!

Return your remote

Complete p. 6-7 of your packet

Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,

Modified in 2011

Quick Review

• Look back to your notes on Page 1 & 2

Rows on the Periodic Table

• Rows across the periodic table are known as periods.

• Elements in the same row have the same number of energy levels.

• This outer energy level is often referred to as the valence energy level or the valence shell.

Families on the Periodic Table

• Elements in the same column of the periodic table are known as groups or families.

• Elements in the same family have the same number of valence electrons.

Families & Properties

• Since elements in the same family have the same number of valence electrons, they behave very similarly in a chemical reaction.

• Therefore, atoms in the same family have very similar properties!!!

Columns on the periodic table are called

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0% 1. Periods

2. Groups

3. Compounds

4. Bonding Reagents

What is true of elements in the same column of the periodic table?

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0% 1. Same first letter

2. Similar properties

3. Same number of protons as neutrons

4. Discovered in the same year

Rows on the periodic table are called

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0% 1. Groups

2. Compounds

3. Periods

4. Bonding reagents

How many valence electrons does bromine have(A# = 35) ?

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2. 7

3. 6

4. 4

Using the Periodic Table

• How to Determine the Number of Valence Electrons

How many valence electrons does phosphorus have(A# = 15) ?

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0% 1. 8

2. 7

3. 6

4. 5

What is the valence energy level of strontium (A# = 38) ?

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2. 3rd

3. 4th

4. 5th

What is the valence shell of Mercury (A# = 80) ?

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2. 4th

3. 5th

4. 6th

What is the valence shell of calcium (A# = 20) ?

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2. 2nd

3. 3rd

4. 4th

How many valence electrons does calcium have(A# = 20) ?

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2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

Atoms&

Chemical Bonding

Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,

Modified in 2011

Electron Dot Diagrams• Since only the valence electrons

are involved in chemical bonding, chemists have a quicker, easier way to represent atoms when showing bonding called an electron dot diagram.

Electron Dot Diagrams• An electron dot diagram is

simply the chemical symbol of an element with 1 dot for every valence electron it has.

• This is also referred to as a Lewis dot structure.

Sample Dot Diagrams

JOURNAL # 1Create electron dot diagrams for…

Aluminum (A#13)Phosphorus (A#15)

Bromine (A#35)Rubidium (A#37)Krypton (A#36)

Strontium (A#38)Iron (A#26)

Learning Checks

• Ready your Remotes

Rows on the periodic table are called

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0%

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0% 1. Groups

2. Compounds

3. Periods

4. Bonding reagents

What is true of elements in the same column of the periodic table?

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0% 1. Same first letter

2. Same # valence electrons & similar properties

3. Same number of protons as neutrons

4. Discovered in the same year

How many valence electrons does aluminum have(A# = 13) ?

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2. 3

3. 4

4. 5

What is the valence shell of aluminum (A# = 13) ?

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2. 2nd

3. 3rd

4. 4th

Using the Periodic Table

• Return Your Remote• Pick up & Complete Periodic Table WS• Complete PACKET p.8 “Properties

of a Missing Element”

Using the Periodic Table

• Valence Electrons, Lewis Dot Diagrams & Bohr Models

Entrance Questions

• Ready your Remotes• Get out a periodic table

Columns on the periodic table are called

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0% 1. Periods

2. Families

3. Compounds

4. Bonding Reagents

What is true of elements in the same column of the periodic table?

25%

25%

25%

25% 1. Same first letter

2. Same number of valence electrons

3. Same number of protons as neutrons

4. Same number of energy levels

How many valence electrons does chlorine have(A# = 17) ?

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2. 7

3. 6

4. 17

Chlorine-37 would have how many neutrons? (A#17)

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2. 17

3. 20

4. 37

How many valence electrons does phosphorus have (A# = 15) ?

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2. 3

3. 5

4. 7

Classwork Assignments

• Return your Remotes• Read Text pages 130-138 (Chapter 5.2)• Complete Chap 5.2 Reading Organizer• Complete pages 9–12 of Chem Bonding Pack• Add to your FLipBook: Valence Electrons,

Valence Shell, & Electron Dot Diagrams!!!

Entrance Questions

• Ready your Remotes• Get out a periodic table

Oxygen-17 would have how many neutrons? (A#8)

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0% 1. 7

2. 17

3. 9

4. 8

What is true of elements in the same column of the periodic table?

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0%

0%

0% 1. Same first letter

2. Similar properties

3. Same number of protons as neutrons

4. Discovered in the same year

How many valence electrons does magnesium have (A# = 12) ?

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2. 2

3. 5

4. 12

How many energy levels does magnesium have (A# = 12) ?

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2. 2

3. 3

4. 12

Assignments• Return your Remotes• Turn in Chap 5.2 Reading Organizer• Read Text pages 139-145 (Chapter 5.3)• Complete Chap 5.3 Reading Organizer• (Answer Assessment Questions 1-10 on back)• Complete pages 9–16 of Chem Bonding Packet