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Chemical Reactions
Warm Up
What is the mass of this object, with the appropriate number of significant figures.
What Makes a Reaction Chemical?
• Atoms are rearranged to form a new substance
• Evidence of a chemical reaction:– Heat
• Emitting• Absorbing
– Light– Color change– Odor– Gas bubbles– Formation of a solid
Terminology
• Reactant: starting substances• Product: substances produced during
the reaction• Symbols:
+ Separates two or more reactants or products
→ Represents the reaction, separates the reactants and products
Represents a reversible reaction, separates the reactants and products
(s) Solid state
(l) Liquid state
(g) Gaseous state
(aq) Water (aqueous) solution
Writing Chemical Reaction Equations
Reactant 1 + Reactant 2 → Product 1 + Product 2
Word Equations
Write a word equation that describes the reaction between Aluminum and Bromine1.Determine phase of each element: – Aluminum is a solid (s)– Bromine is a liquid (l)
2.Write word equation:Aluminum (s) + bromine (l) → aluminum bromide
(s)
3.Reads as: Aluminum and Bromine react to produce aluminum bromide
Skeleton Equations• Replace element names with chemical symbols• Indicate the number of atoms in the products1. Determine the chemical symbols for reactants
– Solid Aluminum = Al (s)– Liquid Bromine = Br2 (l)
2. Calculate chemical formula for products1. Figure out ionization state for each element
• Al +3
• Br-1
2. Criss Cross charges to find number of atoms of each element
1. Al1BR3
2. AlBr3
3. Replace words with chemical formulasAl (s) + Br2 (l) → AlBr3 (s)
Practice
Write a word equation and then skeleton equation for the following reactions:1. Hydrogen and Bromine gas react to
form hydrogen bromide2. Carbon monoxide and oxygen react
to form carbon dioxide
Types ofChemical Reactions
Aluminum & CuCl2 by Mr. W
/Synthesis/The get-together
/Synthesis/The get-together
Two or more chemicals bond togetherforming one new substance.
/Synthesis/The get-together
A + B AB
/Synthesis/The get-together
2Na + Cl2 2NaCl
/Decomposition/The break-up
One substance breaks down intotwo or more separate substances.
/Decomposition/The break-up
AB A + B
/Decomposition/The break-up
2H2O2 2H2O + O2
/Decomposition/The break-up
/Single Replacement/The cheater
One element knocks another elementout of a compound.
/Single Replacement/The cheater
AB + X AX + B
/Single Replacement/The cheater
2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2
/Single Replacement/The cheater
/Double Replacement/The swap
Two compounds switch ionswith each other.
/Double Replacement/The swap
AB + XY AX + BY
/Double Replacement/The swap
BaCl2 + Na2SO4 BaSO4 + 2NaCl
/Double Replacement/The swap
/Combustion/Everyone loves O2
A compound burns in oxygen gas.
/Combustion/Everyone loves O2
A + O2
/Combustion/Everyone loves O2
Oxygen will always be a reactant.
2Mg + O2 2MgO
/Combustion/Everyone loves O2
Clicker Quiz Questions
• For each reaction, select the type of reaction from the types that we just learned.
• Options:A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 1
2H2 + O2 -> 2H2OA. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 2
2KClO3 -> 2KCl + 3O2A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 3
Zn + 2HCl -> H2 + ZnCl2A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 4
2S + 3O2 -> 2SO3A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 5
H2SO4 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO4 + 2H2OA. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 6
Ca(OH)2 -> CaO + H2OA. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 7
H2 + 2AgNO3 -> 2Ag + 2HNO3A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 8
C10H8 + 12O2 -> 10CO2 + 4H2OA. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 9
2Li2S + 2Cl2 -> 4LiCl + S2A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Singe DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 10
2Fe + 6NaBr -> 2FeBr3 + 6NaA. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 11
CH4 + 2O2 -> Co2 +2H2OA. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 12
NaOH + KNO3 -> NaNO3 + KOHA. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 13
CaSO4 + Mg(OH)2 -> Ca(OH)2 + MgSO4A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 14
2KClO3 -> 2KCl + 3O2A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 15
Pb + O2 -> PbO2A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 16
2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 17
6CO2 + 6H2O ->C6H12O6 + 6O2A. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion
Question 18
HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2OA. DecompositionB. SynthesisC. Single DisplacementD. Double DisplacementE. Combustion