Sophia Marie D. Verdeflor Grade 9-1 STEP July 21, 2014

Assignment in Consumer Chemistry

CHEMICAL SYMBOLS

HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL INFORMATION

Hazard SymbolsFor recognition purposes, the hazard symbols in the catalog are from Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), part 172 (DOT), yet the criteria used for assigning hazard symbols is primarily from the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard Z129.1 for Hazardous Industrial Chemicals Precautionary Labeling. The hazard symbols in the catalog are provided only as a guide for quick recognition of the acute hazards associated with our chemicals. They are not to be used in lieu of reading the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) nor do they necessarily reflect correct DOT markings. Please refer to 49CFR for correct DOT markings.

Corrosive: These substances destroy living tissue and equipment upon contact.Caution! Do not breathe vapors; avoid contact with skin and eyes.

Flammable: Designates those items which are:a. Flammable Liquids - Caution! Flash point below 141F (60.5C).b. Flammable Solids - Caution! Keep away from open fires, sources of heat and sparks.c. Combustible Material - Caution! Flash point greater than 141F but less than 200F (or greater than 60.5C but less than 90C). Keep away from open flames, sources of heat and sparks.Note: Most combustible materials sold by Spectrum are not subject to DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations per 29CFR 173.150.

Keep Away From Food: Store away from foodstuffs. Toxic or poisonous materials which are hazardous to health when inhaled, swallowed or when they come in contact with the skin. May even lead to death. Danger! Avoid contact with the human body and immediately consult a physician in case of contact.

Oxidizer: Oxidizing substances can ignite flammable and combustible material or worsen existing fire and thus make fire fighting more difficult. Caution! Keep away from flammable, combustible and spontaneously combustible materials.

Poisonous Substances: Very hazardous to health when inhaled, swallowed or when they come in contact with the skin. May even lead to death. Danger! Avoid contact with the human body and immediately contact a physician in case of contact.

Radioactive: This symbol designates those substances which have measurable radioactivity. Caution! Avoid exposure.

HMIS Information

The Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS) was developed by the National Paint and Coating Association to be a visual system using colors and numbers to communicate risk information. It was

designed to be as compatible as possible with hazard communication systems such as ANSI, NIOSH and others used by industry. The information is communicated through a numerical rating for Health, Flammability and Reactivity. The numerical ratings range from 0 to 4: a rating of "0" represents little or no hazard potential, while a "4" rating indicates an extremely high degree of hazard potential. Where possible, we have made every effort to include the HMIS values for each catalog entry and we believe them to be accurate at the time of printing. For more details regarding the HMIS, please contact the NPCA. We also offer a Hazard Identification System wall chart.

Spill Cleanup Kit Icons

A principal element of good laboratory safety practice is to have spill kits close at hand for the cleanup of hazardous materials. To make ordering the appropriate spill kits easier, we have included icons to identify which spill kits are appropriate for specific chemicals.

Acid Spill Kit: For neutralizing and absorbing laboratory spills of acids.

Mercury Spill Kit: A special kit for the cleanup of mercury spills.

Caustic Spill Kit: For neutralizing and absorbing laboratory spills of caustics.

Solvent Spill Kit: For the safer cleanup of solvents, pesticides, herbicides and flammables.

Key to National Fire Protection Association 704 RatingsThe N.F.P.A. warning diamond is shown for many of the items in this catalog. This widely used information system clearly defines Health, Fire and Reactivity hazards as well as some specific product hazards. Numbers in the diamond range designate (from 4 for the greatest to 0 for the least) degree of hazard. The letter "U" indicates unknown danger. We chose to indicate only the water reactive (W) special hazard because it supplements the hazard information already identified.

IMPORTANT: The absence of an NFPA number or warning should not be interpreted as an indication of safety. NFPA information is not available for many items in this catalog!

4Materials which on very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury even though prompt medical treatment was given.

4Materials which will rapidly or completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperature, or which are readily dispersed in air and which will burn readily.

4Materials which in themselves are readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.

3Materials which on short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even through prompt medical treatment was given.

3Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions.

3Materials which in themselves are capable of detonation or of explosive reaction but require a strong initiating source or which must be heated under confinement before initiation or which react explosively with water.

2Materials which on intense or continued exposure could cause serious temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury unless prompt medical treatment was given.

2Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur.

2Materials which in themselves are normally unstable and readily undergo violent chemical change but do not detonate. Also materials which may react violently with water or which may form potentially explosive mixtures with water.

1Materials which on exposure could cause serious temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury even if medical treatment is given.

1Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur.

1Materials which in themselves are normally stable, but which can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures or which may react with water with some release of energy, but not violently.

0Materials which on exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material.

0Materials that will not burn.

0Materials which in themselves are normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Hazard symbols are recognizable symbols designed to warn about hazardous materials, locations, or objects, including electric currents, poisons, and other things. The use of hazard symbols is often regulated by law and directed by standards organizations. Hazard symbols may appear with different colors, backgrounds, borders and supplemental information in order to specify the type of hazard.

The skull and crossbones, a common symbol for poison and other sources of lethal danger.

Types of hazard symbols

Name hazard symbol Symbol Unicode Image

General caution ☡ U+2621

Toxic sign ☠ U+2620

Ionizing Radiation sign ☢ U+2622

Radiation danger - high level sources sign ? ?

Non-ionizing radiation sign ? ?

Biohazard sign ☣ U+2623

Warning sign ⚠ U+26A0

High voltage sign ⚡ U+26A1

Chemical weapon symbol ? ?

Laser hazard sign ? ?

More hazard signs can be found on the list of DIN 4844-2 warning signs

Poison sign

Main article: Skull and crossbones (poison)

Skull and crossbones

The skull-and-crossbones symbol (☠), consisting of a human skull and two bones crossed together

behind the skull, is today generally used as a warning of danger, particularly in regard to poisonous

substances.

Radioactive trefoil symbol

International radioactive trefoil symbol

The yellow and magenta radioactive trefoil used in the US

The early radioactive trefoil (1946)

The ISO 21482 high level sealed source radiation symbol