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Chemistry 101 Dr. Don DeCoste 109 Chemistry Annex [email protected] 244-5959 2-3 pm Mondays and 10-11 am Thursdays By appointment 1
Chemistry 101 Dr. Don DeCoste 109 Chemistry Annex [email protected] 244-5959 2-3 pm Mondays and 10-11 am
Thursdays By appointment
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To Do… http://chem.illinois.edu Slides on the website (after each
lecture) Lab tomorrow (see Sig Fig video
on website). Lon-Capa (HW1 Type 2 due
Wednesday, January 29 by 7 pm).
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Chemistry – Some Big Ideas
Atoms have structure. Subatomic particles – electrons,
protons, and neutrons. Atoms are mostly open space. Atoms can attract (and repel)
one another.
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Atomic Structure–So What?
Bonds form within molecules. Molecules are sticky (forces
between molecules). Different reactivities of elements
(why is He in Mylar balloons?). Fireworks. Pools close during a thunderstorm.
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Atomic Structure: How Do We Know? Thomson and the electron.
Rutherford and the nucleus: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5pZj0u_XMbc
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Simple Model of an Atom
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NOT A Correct View
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Clicker QuestionHow many of the following are true regarding the number of protons in an atom?
I. Identifies the element.II. Gives the number of electrons in a neutral atom.III. Gives the number of neutrons in a neutral atom.IV. Tells the element’s atomic number.
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3E) 4
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Using The Periodic Table
Element: neutral; defined by the number of protons.
Ions: positive or negatively charged; comes from a differing number of electrons.
Isotopes: atoms of the same element with differing number of neutrons.
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Forming a Cation
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Forming an Anion
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Isotopes of Sodium
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Using The Periodic Table
Symbol, name, number of protons (all of these are related).
Number of electrons in a neutral atom or in an ion.
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Using The Periodic Table
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Using The Periodic Table
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Using The Periodic Table
Formulas of some ionic compounds.
Naming simple compounds.
[Chapter 5 material]
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Three Types of Binary Compounds
Metal (Groups 1, 2, 3) and nonmetal Simple naming: sodium chloride [NaCl],
calcium bromide [CaBr2].
Metal (transition) and nonmetal Roman numerals: iron(II) oxide [FeO].
Two nonmetals Prefixes: carbon dioxide [CO2].
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Three Types of Binary Compounds
CaO
CoO
CO
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Three Types of Binary Compounds
CaO calcium oxide
CoO cobalt(II) oxide
CO carbon monoxide
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Type I Compound
CaO calcium oxide
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Type I Compound
CaO calcium oxide
Charge Balance:Ca2+ O2-
(2+) + (2-) = 0
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Type II Compound
CoO cobalt(II) oxide
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Type II CompoundCoO cobalt(II) oxide
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Type II Compound
CoO cobalt(II) oxideCo2+ O2-
(2+) + (2-) = 0
Co2O3 cobalt(III) oxideCo3+ O2-
2(3+) + 3(2-) = 024
Type III Compound
CO carbon monoxide
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Type III CompoundCO carbon monoxide
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Type I Compound
Ca3P2 calcium phosphide
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Type II Compound
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Type III Compound
N2O5
dinitrogen pentoxide
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Polyatomic Ions Ammonium Nitrate Sulfate Hydroxide Phosphate Carbonate
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Clicker QuestionWhich of the following is the correct name for the compound with the formula MgF2?
a) magnesium(II) fluorideb) magnesium difluoridec) magnesium fluorided) magnesium fluoritee) magnesium fluorate
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Clicker QuestionWhich of the following is the correct name for the compound with the formula MgF2?
a) magnesium(II) fluorideb) magnesium difluoridec) magnesium fluorided) magnesium fluoritee) magnesium fluorate
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Clicker QuestionWhich of the following is named incorrectly?
a) PCl3 phosphorus trichloride
b) KCl potassium(I) chloride c) CuO copper(II) oxide d) Cu2O copper(I) oxide
e) CO carbon monoxide
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Clicker QuestionWhich of the following is named incorrectly?
a) PCl3 phosphorus trichloride
b) KCl potassium(I) chloride c) CuO copper(II) oxide d) Cu2O copper(I) oxide
e) CO carbon monoxide
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Uncertainty in Measurement
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Clicker QuestionHow many significant figures should be reported?
a) 1b) 2 c) 3d) 4e) 5
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Clicker QuestionHow many significant figures should be reported?
a) 1b) 2 c) 3d) 4e) 5
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Clicker QuestionWhat is the volume reading of the buret?
a) 20.14b) 20.15 c) 20.16d) 20.17e) 20.18
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Clicker QuestionLeading zeroes are ____ significant, captive zeroes are ____ significant, and trailing zeros are ____ significant.
a) always, always, alwaysb) never, never, never c) sometimes, sometimes, sometimesd) never, sometimes, sometimese) never, always, sometimes
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Clicker QuestionLeading zeroes are ____ significant, captive zeroes are ____ significant, and trailing zeros are ____ significant.
a) always, always, alwaysb) never, never, never c) sometimes, sometimes, sometimesd) never, sometimes, sometimese) never, always, sometimes
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Clicker Question
How many significant figures are in the measurement 0.030140 liters?
a) 3b) 4 c) 5d) 6e) 7
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Clicker Question
How many significant figures are in the measurement 0.030140 liters?
a) 3b) 4 c) 5d) 6e) 7
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Clicker QuestionYou add 82.4 mL of water in a graduated cylinder to 25 mL of water in a beaker. How much water should you report?
a) 100 mL (1 significant figure)b) 110 mL (2 significant figures) c) 110. mL (3 significant figures)d) 107 mL (3 significant figures)e) 107.4 (4 significant figures)
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Clicker QuestionYou add 82.4 mL of water in a graduated cylinder to 25 mL of water in a beaker. How much water should you report?
a) 100 mL (1 significant figure)b) 110 mL (2 significant figures) c) 110. mL (3 significant figures)d) 107 mL (3 significant figures)e) 107.4 (4 significant figures)
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Restrictions on Reactions
Element conservation.
CHEMISTRY 102-104: Thermodynamics: Suniv must
increase.
Kinetics: time is a factor for reactions to occur.
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Chemistry – Some Big Ideas
Chemical changes are accompanied by energy changes. Reactions are due to breaking
bonds and forming bonds. Exothermic versus endothermic.
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