Establishing Trust via Context, Content, Process and Leadership: A Pattern Language Approach

John Thomas, IBM Research

Montreal, Quebec, CA

22 April 2006

A Pattern Language

Christopher Alexander Architectural “Patterns” that capture named

recurring problems and solutions Organized into a “Pattern Language” – a

lattice of inter-related Patterns. Examples:

– Eccentric Town Center encourages commuter traffic to stop at Town Center

– European Pub– Gradient of Privacy in homes: porch, entry,

living room, dinning room, kitchen, bedroom

Parts of a Pattern– << Pattern Name >>

• Author, reviewer and revision dates:• Synonyms• Abstract (including evocative picture)• Problem • Context • Forces

• Solution (including schematic)• Examples • Resulting Context • Rationale • Related Patterns • Known Uses • References

Patterns Behavioral Patterns vs. Design Patterns Application Areas:

– OO Programming – Business Process Patterns– Human Computer Interaction & Socio-technical

Patterns• CHI ’97 Workshop• Interact ’99 Workshop• CHI 2000 Workshop• CHI 2001 Panel• DIAC 2002 & subsequent on-line work on Pattern Language• CHI 2002 Workshop• CSCW 2002 Workshop• CHI 2003 Workshop DTD for XML• ECSCW 2003 Workshop in Helsinki• CSCW 2004 Workshop

Some Socio-Technical Patterns Community of Communities Reality Check Small Successes Early Who Speaks for Wolf? Support Conversation at Boundaries Abstract Social Proxy Context-setting Entrance Support Flow and Breakdown Greater Gathering Registered Anonymity Reminders of Shared Goals Expressive Communication Builds Mutual Trust Follow the Pain Mentoring Circle Levels of Authority Rites of Passage Special Roles: Rater, Facilitator, Moderator, Stake Warrior, Authority Figure

Reality Check

Reality Check

Who Speaks for Wolf?Visual by www.PDIimages.com

Small Successes Early

Support Conversation at the Borders

Potential Uses of a Pattern Language Approach

Problem identification and formulation Lingua franca among stakeholders Problem solving (tool of thought) Design of Online, F2F & Mixed community

support Capture, find, and share reusable intellectual

assets Structure empirical tests of usefulness Help provide framework for understanding

success and failure --- and for redesign

Challenges to Pattern Approach

Developing the Pattern Language – capturing the “inter-connection and inter-dependencies of patterns”

How does one know which Patterns to apply?

Might Pattern Languages limit creativity? To “use” a Pattern Language the first time

seems to involve a lot of “up-front” cost

For more information: www.truthtable.com/patterns.html/ www.research.ibm.com/knowsoc/ www.truthtable.com/websitewelcome_page_index.html http://www.cpsr.org/conferences/diac02 http://www.pliant.org/personal/Tom_Erickson/InteractionPatterns.html http://www.hcipatterns.org/ http://www.cpsr.org/program/sphere/patterns/ http://jerry.cs.uiuc.edu/~plop/plop2003/cfp2003.html http://www.groupware-patterns.org/