Household water treatment

Tran Thi Kieu Hanh

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Bio-sand filter

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• More than 90% of fecal coliform • 100% of protozoa and helminths • 50-90% of organic and inorganic

toxicants • up to 67% of iron and manganese • most suspended sediments

How effective is it?

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• Removes over 90% bacteria, 100% parasites • Removes turbidity, some iron, manganese • Quality of water improves with time • Costs range from US$15-50. • High flow rate - 60 litres/hour • No on-going costs - no replaceable parts • Durable & robust- lasts forever • Fabricated from local materials • Opportunity for local businesses • Water tastes & looks good • Easy to maintain

Advantages

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• Heavy - difficult to move • Biological layer takes 1-2 weeks to

develop to maturity • High turbidity (> 100 NTU) will cause filter

to clog and require more maintenance • Requires that the filter be used

periodically on a regular basis • Cannot remove color or dissolved

compounds

Limitations

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• From ChildFund Project : By material

270,000-300,000 VND• From household: 3 day labors

Cost of a filter

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• Year 2007: 80 filters (Phu Minh, Hop Thinh communes)

• Year 2008 April: 170 filters (Phu Minh commune)

ChildFund Watsan Project

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