Child Growth and Development Authors: Diane E. Papalia,
Ruth Duskin Feldman
If you are EMPLOYED working with children in a LICENSED preschool, child care, or family child care program, you are eligible for reimbursement for your courses and for the book loan program.
In order to participate, fill out the required two sided form, have your supervisor sign the form, and return it by the October 1st to the FCS office. Additionally an online confidential survey must be completed. Instructions are on the FCS website, which is: http://FCS.sites.mjc.edu/
Child Development 103 Instructor: Jeanette Fanconi, M.A.
Cell phone: 678-6889
Email: [email protected]
Book needed: “A Child’s World: Infancy through Adolescence” the 12th edition.
Directions: Complete this thought ….Child Development is?
“A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single step.” ~Lao Tzu: Chinese Philosopher
What will happen today? Roll
Icebreaker Activities
Read and go through the syllabus
Introduction of the Instructor
Mini Lecture on: Child Development and it’s history.
In class activities
Services and Programs To Promote Student Success
http://www.mjc.edu/general/president/Accreditation/recommendation1/studentservicesprogramsandservicesbinder2.pdf
Child development Scientific study of change and stability from
conception through adolescence
Stability Consistent behaviors or characteristics that
persist across time and situations.
John Locke: English philosopher, forerunner of behaviorism, 1600’s Saw infant as “blank slate”
Jean-Jacques Rousseau: French philosopher, 1700’s Saw infant as “innately good”
Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1800’s Originated idea of evolution Species develop through natural selection, survival of
the fittest, adaptation to the environment
G. Stanley Hall, late 1800’s Father of child study, first to write about adolescence
Alfred Binet, French psychologist, late 1800’s First intelligence test
John Dewey, American philosopher, 1900’s First to study children in their social
environment
James Mark Baldwin, American psychologist, 1900’s Established journals and university
psychology departments, interaction of nature and nurture
Maria Montessori, Italian physician, 1900’s Early childhood education Based on self-chosen activities In carefully prepared environment Tasks go simple to complex
Maria Montessori
John B. Watson, American psychologist, 1900’s Father of behaviorism
Humans are trainable
Arnold Gesell, American psychologist, 1900’s Normative changes
Interdependence of domains of development
John B. Watson
Shifts in knowledge reflect progress in understanding
Reflect changing technology New, sensitive instruments to measure behaviors such as
eye movements
New tests, brain imaging, MRI
Basic Research gives us information about specific aspects of development without worrying about how the information can be used in “real-life.”
Applied Research sets out to apply that basic research in order to help solve problems in a practical way.
1. Domains of Development -
Physical: Growth of body and brain, sensory capacities,
and motor skills
Cognitive: Mental abilities, such as learning, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity
Psychosocial: Personality, emotions, and social relationships
All interrelated, all affect each other
2. Periods of development Social construction: shared idea accepted by society
Adolescence
Prenatal—the time from conception to birth
Infancy—the period from birth to 18–24 months
Early childhood—the period that extends from the
end of infancy to about 5–6 years of age
Middle and late childhood—the period that extends
from about 6 to 11 years
Adolescence—the period from about 10–12 years to about 18–22 years
Individual differences: Differences among children in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes.
Heredity, Environment, and Maturation.
Inherited characteristics
Environmental factors
Contexts of Development
1. Family Nuclear family
Two-generational kinship, economic, and household unit
Two biological parents and their biological, adopted, and/or stepchildren
Extended family
Multigenerational kinship network of grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, etc.
Contexts of Development…Continued
2. Socioeconomic status (SES): Combination of economic and social factors describing an individual family, including income, education, and occupation.
Risk Factors: Conditions that increase the likelihood of a negative developmental outcome.
3. Culture and Race/Ethnicity
Culture: A society’s or group’s total way of life including customs, traditions, laws, knowledge, beliefs, values, language, and physical products.
Ethnic group: Group united by ancestry, race,
religion, language, and or national origins, all of which contribute to a sense of shared identity.
Race: Once viewed as a biological category; now a social
construct. Ethnic gloss:
August 28,2013 Good Morning!
Please hang on to your “Personal Development” papers for discussion.
You will need a scantron this morning.
We will be taking a “Reading Check” over Chapters 1 this morning.
Quote of the day: Happy are those who dream dreams and are ready to pay the price to make
them come true. ~ Leon J. Suenes
Contexts of Development…Continued Normative and Nonnormative Influences
Normative age-graded influences
Normative history-graded influences Historical generation
Cohort
Nonnormative Unusual events that have a major impact on individual
lives, e.g. winning the lottery
Contexts of Development…Continued Timing of Influences: Critical or Sensitive Periods
Imprinting
Critical period Controversial: Sensitive periods may be more useful
Plasticity
An Emerging Consensus All domains of development are interrelated
Normal development includes a wide range of individual differences within the general processes all children follow as they develop
An Emerging Consensus… Continued Children Help Shape Their Own Development and
Influence Others’ Responses to Them
Historical and Cultural Contexts Strongly Influence Development
An Emerging Consensus… Continued Early Experience Is Important, but Children Can Be
Remarkably Resilient
Development in Childhood Is Part of Development Throughout the Life Span
Studying the Life Course: Growing Up in Hard Times What major cultural event in
your lifetime shaped the lives of families and children?
Is there a critical period for language acquisition?
Victor, the Wild Boy of Aveyron, 1800
Found around 12 years of age, possibly abandoned
Itard studied him for 5 years, sensory awareness, socialization,
emotional training, moral and social behavior, language, thought
Never learned to speak
Remained focused on wants and needs
Genie, 1970
Abusive father, malnourished , no bowel control, two words: her
name and sorry
National Institute of Mental Health researchers
Never learned normal language
Abusive foster homes, regressed into total silence
“Children are human beings to whom respect is due,
superior to us by reason of their innocence and of
the greater possibilities of their future.”
Maria Montessori