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Copyright 2008 All rights reserved LG Electronics Inc.
Chiller vs VRF system
LG Electronics Inc.LGEHQ CAC Team
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Copyright 2008 All rights reserved LG Electronics Inc.
1. Design Comparison
VRF is very sim pl i f ied refr igerant pip ing system. More f lex ib le than w ater pip ing .
Chiller
MULTI V Plus VRF)hiller systemOutdoor unit (air-cooled type)
Indoor unit
Refrigerant piping
Chiller
FCU (Fan Coil Unit)
AHU (Air Handling Unit)
Systemcomposition
FeatureCooling tower
Water piping, Duct working
Water pumps
System concept
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Copyright 2008 All rights reserved LG Electronics Inc.
Network
Feature Chiller system
Complicated wiring
MULTI V Plus VRF)
Simple wiring
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Easy network wir ing
1. Design Comparison Network design
ACP
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Copyright 2008 All rights reserved LG Electronics Inc.
1. Design Comparison Total management
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
[Manufacturer]
VAV boxessupplier
Controlsystem
Feature Chiller system MULTI V Plus VRF)
(For VRF) Manufactu rer prov ide al l equipment
Simple control structure
No additional control provider
Central control and energy monitoring with
low cost available
Complicated control structure, additional
control manager in the system needed,
increasing cost
Third part control provider needed,
interconnectivity problems.
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Copyright 2008 All rights reserved LG Electronics Inc.
Design Commissioning
MULTI V Plus VRF)hiller systemThe systems condition only the
necessary rooms with regardto user demands.
The systems commonly condition the entire building
at predetermined times, with no regard to user demands.very hot midnight, weekend, holiday etc)
Capacitycontrol
FeatureAfter of f ice hours operat ion, VRF could b e operated for the us er demands.
Operating Area
< Limited operation>
Individual operation
Operation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
2. Operation Comparison
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Copyright 2008 All rights reserved LG Electronics Inc.
Temperature
control
Feature Chiller system
Require
1 or 2
MULTI V Plus (VRF)
Very precise
0.5
Precise temperature co ntro l
30
25
20
15
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Cooling
MIN.
Chiller systemMULTI V system
Ro
omt
emp.
0.5 0 C from set point
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Temp. control2. Operation Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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VRF system doesnt need a duct space.
SpaceEfficiency
Feature MULTI V Plus VRF)Small refrigerant space
Chiller systemLarge duct space
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Space (Duct working)3. Installation Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Chiller
Pump
Boiler
Coolingtower
(On the rooftop)
(Machine room drawing)
OutdoorUnit
(On the rooftop)
(Rooftop drawing)
VRF system is no need for a machine room .
Installationspace
Feature MULTI V Plus VRF)No need a machine room
Chiller systemNeed a machine room
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Installation space3. Installation Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Eff ic ient use of space is pos sib le for VRF system
Chiller systemSpace
Efficiency
Feature
P P
1/3
CHILLER SYSTEM
Large pipe shaft is needed for water piping
MULTI V Plus VRF)
VRF System
Small pipe shaft is needed
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Space (Pipe shaft)3. Installation Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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VRF system exp ansion is very easy w ith extra outdoor & indoo r uni t .
Chiller system
SystemExpansion
FeatureCapacity addition is difficult
as additional mechanical room, pump, cooling tower,
panel and piping is required.
MULTI V Plus VRF)
System Expansion is Easy
+
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
System expansion3. Installation Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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1 step Commiss ion ing6 steps Commiss ion ing
MULTI V Plus VRF)hiller systemCommissioning
FeatureThere are a lot of commiss ioning points fo r the chi l ler system
6 Steps Commissioning 1 Step Commissioning
Water cooled chiller (3)
(4)
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
NO. of commissioning point4. Commissioning Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Maintenance
FeatureMaintenance cos ts for a Mult i V is low er than chi l led water systems.
Water cooled chiller (3)
(4)
MULTI V Plus VRF)Filter cleaning
Heat exchanger cleaning
Cycle check by notebook (LG MV)
Chiller systemFilter cleaning
Duct cleaning
Water pipe maintenance
Periodical oil change, overhaul
Pump
Water treatment
Cooling tower cleaning
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Maintenance list5. Maintenance Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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(For Ch il ler Water treatment is required for c lean water)
Watertreatment
Feature Chiller systemWater treatment is required(deficient service can cause legionary disease in the system)
MULTI V Plus VRF)
No water treatment is needed
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Water treatment5. Maintenance Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Scalecleaning
Feature Chiller system MULTI V Plus VRF)
< The system is consist of refrigerant pipes >
No water pipes : No scale (use refrigerant) Need to clean the water pipes
System efficiency drop & origin of germs
After 2~3year After 5~6year After 7~8year10% 25~30% 35~40%
thickness of scale
E
nergy
Loss
Unit : mm
Unit : %
(For Chi l ler) Maintenance & cleaning per iodical ly by exclu sive com pany
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
Scale cleaning5. Maintenance Comparison
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Maintenance Staff5. Maintenance Comparison
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
MaintenanceStaff
Feature Chiller system MULTI V Plus VRF)(For Ch il ler) Cert i f ied maintenan ce staff is needed
No need special maintenance staff.
Economic and easy maintenance
The system requires certified maintenance
staff not only for chillers but also pumps,
boilers, cooling towers etc.
More expensive maintenance cost.
< Maintenance Staff>
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Pipe Erosion6. Reliability Comparison
Design CommissioningOperation MaintenanceInstallation Reliability
PipeErosion
Feature Chiller system MULTI V Plus VRF)(For Ch il ler) Cert i f ied maintenan ce staff is needed
Refrigerant does not cause corrosion therefore
no pipe damage occurred
Pipe erosion can cause leakage.
System capacity reduction.
Brines use increase corrosion, anti corrosion
additives needed
< Water pipe leakage >
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Category Product Initial Cost(USD) Initial Cost(USD)Total
Water
Cooled C
hiller
Chiller Price 355,484877,097AHU / Cooling Tower / Pump, Pr
ice 148,065Installation 383,871
VRV Multi V 874,498 1,109,660Installation 235,161
April 2008
Cooling Only
Air Duct Included
Initial Cost Running Cost Maintenance Cost Total cost
Type of Building: Shopping Mall
Total area 9,000 m2 : 6 storey Building :1,500 m2/floor
Actual cooling area : 1,500 m2 * 80 % * 6 Floor = 7,200 m2
Cooling Load (Tr) / m2 : 700 Tr *12000 Btu/Hr = 1,166 Btu/m2
Equipment : Water cooled chiller /Multi V unit
- Water Cooled Chiller :Trane Water cooled chiller
350 Tr x 2 set =700 Tr + 300 Back up
Pumps =400 Tr x 2 set
AHU = 8000 CFM x 36 set
Cooling Tower =1200 Gpm x 3 +3 Back up
- VRF System :LG Multi V Plus II
48 Hp x 19 set=912 Hp 726 Tr
Air conditioning time : Operation
- 13 hour a day (09:00 ~ 22:00)
- 30 days a month
- average load by month
Equipments & Installation cost
MULTI V vs Chiller7. Economic analysis
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Multi V running cost is 65 % compare to chiller
Category ProductRunning
Cost
(USD)TotalWater
Cooled Chiller
Chiller Price308,697AHU / Coolin
g Tower / Pump, Price
Multi V Price 200,158Based on KW data chiller/Multi V
Based on, Thailand electrical standard
ARI-Air conditioning & Refrigeration Institute
$0k
$100k
$200k
$300k
$400k
year
2n
d4th
6th
8th
10th
12th
14th
Chiller
Multi V
Running costSavings up to15thyr : 35%
Chiller
Multi V
Electrical cost
MULTI V vs Chiller7. Economic analysis
Initial Cost Running Cost Maintenance Cost Total cost
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Category Price MaintenanceCost(USD)Total
Water
Cooled Chiller
Chiller Price32,177AHU / Cooling
Tower / Pump,Price
Multi V Price 11,468$0k
$100k
$200k
$300k
$400k
year
2nd 4th 6th 8th 10
th12th
14th
Chiller
Multi V
Chiller
Multi V
MaintenanceCost savingsUp to 15thyr: 66%
Maintenance breakdown
Chiller system -31 USD / Rt / yr.- 6 times/yr
Multi V- 48 USD / Indoor / yr.- 6 times/yr
- 145 USD / Outdoor / yr.- 6 times/yr
Multi V maintenance cost is 24 % compare to chiller
Maintenance cost
MULTI V vs Chiller7. Economic analysis
Initial Cost Running Cost Maintenance Cost Total cost
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Category Chiller system VRF system Remarks
EconomicAnalysis
Initial cost (USD) 877,097 927,057Running cost
(USD) 308,698 200,158
Shoppingmall6F,
9,000
Maintenace cost(USD) 32,177 11,468
Total cost (USD) 1,217,972 1,138,683BEP - 1.7 years
7. Economic analysis
Initial Cost Running Cost Maintenance Cost Total cost
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LCC (Life Cycle Cost for 15 years) : Chiller 5.99 M$ > Multi V 4.27 M$ (71%)
BEP (Break Even Point) : 1.7 Years
LCC (15 years) BEP
1st year 2ndyear 3rd year 4th year
- 20K$
+10K$
+40K$
+70K$
BEP :1.7 Years
$0k
$1000k
$2000k
$3000k
$4000k
$5000k
$6000k
$7000k
year
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
14th
15th
Chiller
Multi V
Cost savings: 29%
BEP :1.7 Years
8. LCC
CC
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Chiller Multi V
1,228
1,109
877
32
308 20011
1,3217%
Product &
Installation
Maintenance
Electrical Fee
Chiller Multi V
5,992
23%15%8%
77% 73%
4%
4,27435%
Product &Installation
Maintenance
Electrical Fee
Initial Cost (1styear)( K US$ )
LCC (15 years)
8. LCC
A C t ti ti
5/28/2018 Chiller vs VRF
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Type of building : Shopping mall
Water cooled Chiller :350 TR x 2 set=700 Tr + 300Tr (back up)VRF system:48 Hp x 19 set = 912 Hp (726TR)Commercial Building : (Shopping Mall - 9,000 Total Area) - 6 storey building:1500 per floorActual cooling area : 1,500 * 80 * 6F = 7,200Cooling load(TR) / : 700TR * 12,000Btu/h/TR 7,200 = 1167 Btu/
Capacity Price EA Sub total (THB) Sub total (USD)350 RT 3,960,000 2 7,920,000 255,484
300 RT 3,100,000 1 3,100,000 100,000
400 RT 500,000 2 1,000,000 32,258
400 RT 500,000 1 500,000 16,129
1200 GPM 100,000 3 300,000 9,677
840 GPM 90,000 3 270,000 8,710
8,000 CFM 70,000 36 2,520,000 81,290
15,610,000 57 503,548
9,000,000 33% 290,323
2,900,000 11% 93,548
11,900,000 43 383,87127,510,000 100 887,419
48 Hp 957,000 19 18,183,000 586,548
Indoor unit ceiling duct 10 Hp 91,355 90 8,221,950 265,224
2,915 90 262,350 8,463
81,125 1 81,125 2,617
141,570 1 141,570 4,567
1,650 57 94,050 3,034
3,300 38 125,400 4,045
27,109,445 79 874,498
Indoor unit ceiling duct
36,000 90 3,240,000 104,516
7,290,000 21 235,16134,399,445 100 1,109,660
I lot
back up cooling tower (open type)
Duct working
45,000
back up chiller (screw type)
Wired remote controller
Centrol controller (ACP)
Centrol control software (AC Manager)
Sub totalTotal (Product + Installation)
Pump (Evaporator) + 1 back up
AHU
Outdoor unit
Sub total
130,645
Y branch
ODU joint
90 4,050,000
VRF Sub total
Sub total
Outdoor unit
Total (Product + Installation)
Product
Installation
duct work
piping & electrical work
Water CooledChiller(Screwtype)
Classification
Pipe & Insulation
Valve & Acc.
Power & Control
Product
Installation
Chiller (screw type)
Cooling tower (open type)
Pump (Condenser) + 1 back up
App. Cost estimation
A A t l i t
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Energyconsumption
/ unitTotal
energyconsumption
kW) kW)271 2 542
14.9 2 29.84 Load 100% 75% 50% 25%
55.2 6 331.2 Chillier 542 179 84 47
2.35 48 112.8 Others 474 474 474 474
1015.84 Total 1016 653 558 521Outdoor Unit 48 HP-R410a 42 19 798
Indoor Unit 10 HP CCD 0.8 90 72 Load 100% 75% 50% 25%
870.0 VRF 870 609 287 16513
30
100% kW portion
1% 100% 542 100% Used by Schedule 4.2.2 condition42% 75% 179.2 33% electrical charge in Thailand45% 50% 83.9 15% THB / month USD
12% 25% 47.2 9% VRF 517,076 16,680
Chiller 797,469 25,725
Gap 280,393 9,045Operation
hourskWh / day kWh / month
Operation
hourskWh / day kWh / month
0.1 113.1 3,393.0 0.1 132.06 3,961.78
5.5 3,325.1 99,754.2 5.5 3,565.60 106,967.95 VRF 200,158
5.9 1,679.5 50,386.1 5.9 3,262.78 97,883.37 Chiller 308,698
1.6 257.9 7,736.0 1.6 812.82 24,384.67
13.0 5 375.6 161 269.3 13.0 7,773.3 233,197.8
VRF system
Cooling load portion IPLV100% cooling load
VRF MULTI V system) Chiller system
75% cooling load
50% cooling load
25% cooling load
VRF
AHU-10 tr
Totaloperating time / day (hours)
operating day / month
ChillerPower consumption
Load
operating cost 1
year
hiller system
Category EA
Total
Power consumption under partial loadWaterCooledChillerScrewtype)
Chiller-350 Tr
Cooling tower-1260 GPM
Pump-50 Hp
App. Actual running cost
A M i t t
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Cost Unit350 RT 105,000 Baht/unit 2 210,000
400 RT 60,000 Baht/unit 2 120,000
1200 GPM 15,600 Baht/unit 6 93,600
15 RT 2,000 Baht/unit 70 140,000
2 persons 20,000 Baht/unit 12 240,000
803,600840 Hp 3,000 Baht/unit 90 270,000
Outdoor unit 4,500 19 85,500
355,500
THB USD RemarksChiller 997,500 32,177 6 times / year
270,000 6 times / year
85,500 6 times / year355,500 11,468
Pump
TotalVRF
1500 THB / indoor unit, year
4500 THB / ODU module, ye
950 THB / RT, year
Control engineer
Chiller(Screwtype)
Chiller (Screw type)
Cooling tower
AHU
Total
TotalVRF
Indoor unit
A noteategory Capacity Maintenance cost EA Maintenancecost / year
App. Maintenance cost
A E ffi i (IPLV)
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ARI Released The New Standard in 2003
Available throughthe ARI web site:WWW.ARI.ORG
Portion by cooling load (%)
IPLVOR
APLV
=
0.01 + 0.42 + 0.45 + 0.12A B C D
1
kW / kW (ARI Part load weighting factors)
1% 42% 45% 12%
100% 75% 50% 25%
WEIGHTED (%)
ARI550/590-2003
Cooling Load
App. Energy efficiency (IPLV)